Theology Exam 3

Front 1

What are the four themes in the Gospels regarding providence?

Back 1

1) Sending of the Savior and Fulfillment of Kingdom promises
2) Miracles of Jesus
3) Teaching of Jesus
4) Cross & Resurrection

Front 2

What are the four themes in The Acts regarding providence?

Back 2

1) Establishment, advancement & authentication of the church (Acts 2, 8, 10)
2) Oversight of the World (Acts 14:7)
3) Existence of humanity (Acts 17)
4) Divine & Human Agency (Acts 2:23 & 4:27-28)

Front 3

What are the four themes in the Epistles regarding providence?

Back 3

1) Continued existence of the world (Rom. 11:36; Col 1:17; Heb 1:3)
2) Fulfillment of salvific purpose (Rom 1:1-4; Eph 1:3-14; Heb 1:1-3; 1 Pet 1:3-12)
3) Counsel in suffering (Rom 8:28; 2 Cor 1:3-7)
4) Sanctification (Tit 2:11-14; Rom 8; Gal 5:16-25)

Front 4

The same grace by which you were saved is ______________?

Back 4

the same grace that moves you towards holiness and righteousness

Front 5

If you are to remove the doctrine of providence you redefine the ___________ of the Christian life altogether.

Back 5

nature

Front 6

Why is deism weak and impotent?

Back 6

It doesn't give you a meaningful way to live.

Front 7

What are the four themes in The Revelation regarding providence?

Back 7

1) Fulfillment of promises
2) Final defeat of God's enemies
3) Final establishment of the kingdom
4) Final deliverance and preservation of God's people

Front 8

What was said about providence during the Patristic era?

Back 8

The God who created the world is the same God who preserves the world.

Front 9

What did Anselm say about providence?

Back 9

No one who is reasonable can doubt that the same God who created the world is preserving it.

Front 10

Did the Medieval church deny that God would in any way be the author of evil?

Back 10

Yes

Front 11

What do Luther and Calvin tie their doctrine of providence to?

Back 11

their view of creation

Front 12

What are the terms they use to speak of God?

Back 12

Governor and preserver

Front 13

What does Calvin make an argument of?

Back 13

Lesser to greater

Front 14

What does deism teach about providence?

Back 14

God created the world but is not actively involved in the affairs of the world. He does not exercise ongoing control of it.

Front 15

What does Process Theism teach about providence?

Back 15

1) It is limited.
2) God uses the power and knowledge that He does possess to persuade but He does not govern or coerce.

Front 16

What does Open Theism teach about providence?

Back 16

They affirm omnipotence but redefine omniscience. They have a risky view of providence

Front 17

What are the four types of God's providence?

Back 17

1) Preventative Providence
2) Permissive Providence
3) Directive Providence
4) Determinative Providence

Front 18

What are the three important concepts related to providence?

Back 18

1) Preservation
2) Concurrence
3) Government

Front 19

What is preservation?

Back 19

1) He preserves all of His creation. He sustains it.
2) He cares for the world in general but He especially cares for His people.

Front 20

What is concurrence?

Back 20

1) God and His creatures work together to accomplish His sovereign purposes in the world.

Front 21

What is government?

Back 21

1) God is going to accomplish that which He desires to accomplish.
2) We know that there are human kings and He uses them to accomplish His purposes.

Front 22

What are the three contexts of divine providence according to Helm?

Back 22

1.The interests of individual Christians.
2. The interests of the Christian church.
3. The interests of the whole creation

Front 23

How is fatalism becoming popular?

Back 23

Through practices like astrology

Front 24

How are man's actions no longer free under fatalism?

Back 24

Horoscopes make no allowance for personal response

Front 25

What does providence never deny?

Back 25

free personal agency, though it asserts a higher order of purpose alongside it

Front 26

What is chance?

Back 26

Providence asserts the direction and purposeful character of history, and so provides hope to a fallen world.

Front 27

What are the two objections to the doctrine of providence?

Back 27

1) Violation of human freedom
2) The persistent presence of evil

Front 28

What are the three points under providence and the question of divine sovereignty and human freedom?

Back 28

1) The nature and extent of God's sovereignty
2) The nature and extent of human freedom
3) Possible explanations for understanding the relationship of divine and human agency

Front 29

What does Scripture teach about God's authority, lordship, and rule?

Back 29

It is absolute

Front 30

What can't the earthly king do to God?

Back 30

Overpower Him

Front 31

What shouldn't we confuse divine sovereignty with?

Back 31

Divine omnipotence

Front 32

The fact that God does possess all power doesn't entail what?

Back 32

That He uses all the power that He could in every situation.

Front 33

What does the Bible teach about the extent of human freedom?

Back 33

There is genuine human agency

Front 34

What are the three possible explanations for understanding the relationship of divine and human agency?

Back 34

1) Antinomy or paradox
2) Primary/secondary causation
3) Molinism/Middle knowledge

Front 35

What is Antinomy or paradox?

Back 35

1) It defaults to the position of mystery.
2) The real problem is that humans are limited in their knowledge that they can’t reconcile completely what appears to be a paradox.

Front 36

What is primary/secondary causation?

Back 36

1) Within the world there are various forms of cause and various causal agents.
2) Our mistake is that with divine agency and human agency we assume there is just one agent that is acting in just one particular way.

Front 37

Who is the Jesuit associated with Molinism?

Back 37

Molina

Front 38

What are the three types of knowledge in Molinism?

Back 38

1) Knowledge of necessary truths
2) Free knowledge
3) Middle knowledge

Front 39

What is free knowledge?

Back 39

Propositions that could be false in the world God made but they are true

Front 40

What is middle knowledge?

Back 40

Knowledge that God possesses that is logically in between the knowledge of necessary truths and free truths.

Front 41

What are the two objections to Molinism?

Back 41

1) If it hasn’t occurred there is no way to give it truth status.
2) If God foreknows it then it must occur because His knowledge of it entails the necessity of it occurring.

Front 42

What are the three points of incompatibilism?

Back 42

1) Genuine human freedom is incompatible with any kind of determinism.
2) Determination from outside the free agent is incompatible with genuine human freedom.
3) “Libertarian” freedom: power of contrary choice

Front 43

What are the two mistakes with incompatibilism?

Back 43

1) Incompatibilists are determinists
2) Libertarian freedom actually describe the way your freedom exists in all circumstances

Front 44

What are the two points of compatibilism?

Back 44

1) Genuine freedom is compatible with certain kinds of determinism.
2) “Volitional” freedom: the human agent truly chooses to do what he desires to do.

Front 45

How does a Process Theist feel about prayer?

Back 45

God can have His mind changed

Front 46

What three things does an Open Theist feel about prayer?

Back 46

1) God doesn’t actually know what will happen
2) God is taking a risk and hoping you’ll pray in particular ways
3) God may take a different course of action based on how you pray

Front 47

What three things does a Classical Theist think about prayer?

Back 47

1) God does know everything that will happen
2) God knows what’s going to happen, knows what He’s going to do, knows what you’re going to do.
3) Prayer is the means by which God effects His purposes

Front 48

What does a Molonist believe about prayer?

Back 48

Prayer is a way in which God is going to effect His purposes

Front 49

What are two examples of prayer changing things?

Back 49

1) The persistent widow
2) The prayer of a righteous man

Front 50

What are the six themes with the problem of evil?

Back 50

1) A particular world
2) Creaturely rebellion
3) Divine Justice & discipline
4) Spiritual maturity
5) Redemption & eschatology
6) Mystery

Front 51

What is "a particular world"?

Back 51

1) God created a good world that is ordered and purposeful and populated with His creatures.
2) Certain creatures possess volition and that agency may be used for either good or evil.
3) It is not God’s desire for us to have knowledge of evil but it is apparent He made such a world in which that exists.

Front 52

What is "creaturely rebellion"?

Back 52

Among the creatures that possess volition some creatures use their agency to rebel against God and this brought evil effects on all creation.

Front 53

What is "divine justice and discipline"?

Back 53

1) God is just and holy and will surely judge sin.
2) Evildoers will face divine justice according to the Bible.
3) Evil is never ascribed to God.
4) He does things because we have sinned.
5) Evil is the result of man’s lack of goodness and in this even when He disciplines He is good.

Front 54

What is "spiritual maturity?"

Back 54

Sometimes evil leads to human suffering and sometimes that suffering leads to fruit in human character

Front 55

What is "redemption and eschatology?"

Back 55

Evil is used by God for redemptive purposes

Front 56

What is "mystery?"

Back 56

Some things that we simply cannot understand

Front 57

How is the cross of Christ the ultimate answer to the question about evil?

Back 57

1) Sinful men took the life of the innocent Son of God
2) The cross is the ultimate act of god's benevolence and power

Front 58

What does God demonstrate at the cross?

Back 58

His willingness and power to overcome evil with good

Front 59

What is the study of the problem of evil often referred to as?

Back 59

theodicy

Front 60

What is illusionism?

Back 60

Evil has no reality

Front 61

What is sadism?

Back 61

God is a cosmic sadist

Front 62

What is finitism?

Back 62

God is finite

Front 63

What is determinism?

Back 63

God is not free

Front 64

What is impossibilism?

Back 64

God cannot know future free events

Front 65

What are the three types of evil?

Back 65

1) Metaphysical evil
2) Moral evil
3) Physical evil

Front 66

With theodicies, what is an important distinction to make?

Back 66

Distinguish between the problem of inconsistency and the problem of theodicy

Front 67

What is a common objection to the truth of theism?

Back 67

Evil cannot exist in a world created and ordered by an omnipotent, omni-benevolent deity.

Front 68

What are the ten leaky buckets according to Geisler and Corduan?

Back 68

1) Evil is a necessary contrast to the good.
2) Evil is a necessary by-product of laws that bring good results.
3) Evil is necessary to punish the wicked.
4) Evil is a necessary example to others.
5) Evil is necessary as a warning to the wicked.
6) Evil is a necessary part of the best possible world.
7) Evil is necessary for ultimate harmony.
8) Evil is a necessary condition for achieving the best world.
9) Evil is a necessary conflict among natural systems.
10) Evil is necessary to build character.

Front 69

What is the definition of angels according to Grudem?

Back 69

Angels are created, spiritual beings with moral judgment and high intelligence, but without physical bodies

Front 70

What are the eight points about the nature of angels?

Back 70

1) They are created beings
2) They are incorporeal
3) They are personal and possess intelligence
4) They are powerful
5) They are numerous
6) They are organized
7) They are susceptible to evil
8) They have names

Front 71

What are the seven names for angels?

Back 71

1) Messenger
2) Sons of God
3) Holy ones
4) Cherubim
5) Seraphim
6) Michael
7) Gabriel

Front 72

What are the six works of angels?

Back 72

1) Messengers of the gospel
2) Worship
3) Execution of God's will
4) Relate to the churches
5) Assisting and protecting believers
6) Acting as God's agents of judgment

Front 73

What is the definition of demon according to Grudem?

Back 73

Evil angels who sinned against God and who now continually work evil in the world

Front 74

What are the three passages that talk about the origins of demons?

Back 74

1) 2 Pet. 2:4
2) Jude 6
3) Isa. 14

Front 75

What are the seven titles of Satan?

Back 75

1) Lucifer
2) Devil
3) Satan
4) Adversary
5) Evil one
6) Prince of the Power of the Air
7) Head of demonic kingdom

Front 76

What are his thirteen works?

Back 76

1) Temptation
2) Blind non-believers
3) Deception
4) Inflict physical suffering
5) Plan strategies
6) Hinder
7) Use persons as his instruments
8) Enslave
9) Counterfeits
10) Slander God's character
11) Seek to destroy God's people
12) Lies and is the Father of Lies
13) Incites persecution of God's people

Front 77

What are four important truths about Satan?

Back 77

1) While intelligent, he is not omniscient.
2) While powerful, he is not omnipotent.
3) While crafty, scheming, and active, he is not omnipresent
4) While sometimes successful, he is a defeated foe.

Front 78

What are the four activities of demons?

Back 78

1) Do the work of Satan
2) Temptation
3) Oppose God and attempt to defeat His will
4) Afflict or destroy God's creation

Front 79

What are the six ways believer's should respond to the reality of Spiritual warfare?

Back 79

1) Stand firm and stay alert
2) Remember who you are and whose you are.
3) Recognize who Satan and his demons are (and who they aren't)
4) Resist the devil
5) Know the Word of God and use the Sword of the Spirit
6) Practice spiritual disciplines

Front 80

What is the doctrine of humanity concerned with?

Back 80

The creation and nature of man

Front 81

What are the five views of humanity according to McBrien?

Back 81

1) Natural sciences
2) Social sciences
3) Feminist
4) Philosophical
5) Theology

Front 82

What is the natural sciences view of humanity?

Back 82

Repeatedly told the physical is all there is.

Front 83

What is the social sciences view of humanity?

Back 83

A psychological rendering of human existence

Front 84

What is the feminist view of humanity?

Back 84

Humanity is defined by the evil of patriarchy and to become fully human is to released from that completely.

Front 85

What is the philosophical view of humanity?

Back 85

We’re a group of chemicals. Idealist says we’re a collection of souls.

Front 86

What is the theology view of humanity?

Back 86

A biblical theological view of humanity

Front 87

What is Naturalistic Evolution?

Back 87

1) All that exists rises from the processes of nature, due to chance or random combination of atoms.
2) The superior features that developed in man enabled him to survive the evolutionary jungle.

Front 88

What is Fiat Creationism?

Back 88

1) God creates by His will and word ex nihilo.
2) Based on a literal reading of Genesis.

Front 89

What is Deistic Evolution?

Back 89

God began the process of evolution, and then let natural processes take place.

Front 90

What is Theistic Evolution?

Back 90

God began the process of causing the first organism to live and intervenes periodically to modify the process using already existing materials. God put a human soul in a primate.

Front 91

What is Progressive Creationism?

Back 91

1) The creative work of God is a combination of de novo creative act and an immanent or processive operation.
2) God created at several points, widely separated in time.
3) Man’s entire nature is created by God, but allows for a certain amount of development after God’s original creative act.

Front 92

What are the four purposes of creation?

Back 92

1) The glory of God
2) That man may delight in God
3) That God may delight in man
4) That God may share life with man

Front 93

A classic modern denial of the historicity of Adam and Eve comes from who?

Back 93

Emil Brunner

Front 94

What are the five points under "unity of humanity"?

Back 94

1) Common descent
2) Organic unity
3) Moral obligation
4) Anthropological polygenism
5) Racism

Front 95

What does anthropological polygenism posit?

Back 95

Humanity comes from something other than a single pair of humans, instead it derives from multiple origins.

Front 96

What are the two Old Testament terms for Imago Dei?

Back 96

1) tselem - image
2) demut - likeness

Front 97

What are the two New Testament terms for Imago Dei?

Back 97

1) eikon - image
2) homoiosin - likeness

Front 98

What are the three views about Imago Dei?

Back 98

1) Substantive
2) Relational
3) Functional

Front 99

What is the substantive postion?

Back 99

this view holds that the image is a characteristic or quality in the constitution of man (though not necessarily physical).

Front 100

What is the functional position?

Back 100

The image is something man does, e.g., the exercise of dominion over creation

Front 101

What are the four points of the more complete view of Imago Dei?

Back 101

1) It is universal
2) It is not lost because of sin
3) It involves self-consciousness
4) It is substantive

Front 102

What are the three points Grudem makes about Imago Dei?

Back 102

1) The image is distorted, but not destroyed due to the fall.
2) The image is progressively restored through redemption.
3) The restoration will be completed at Christ’s return.

Front 103

What does Nelson believe about the Imago Dei?

Back 103

It is primarily a substantive view

Front 104

What are his three points about the Imago Dei?

Back 104

1) We are spiritual and relational
2) We are knowledgeable and rational
3) We have capacities to be productive and creative

Front 105

What does Grudem believe are the five specific aspects of our likeness to God?

Back 105

1) Moral
2) Spiritual
3) Mental
4) Relational
5) Physical

Front 106

What is Hoekema's view?

Back 106

The substance remains in fallen man, but the function is lost.

Front 107

According to Hoekema, what are the three functions of the imago?

Back 107

1) Wholly directed toward God.
2) Wholly directed toward man.
3) Rules over nature.

Front 108

According to Hoekema, man also has these three functions, and in his original state was able not to _____________?

Back 108

Sin

Front 109

In the fall, what three ways was the imago dei distorted?

Back 109

1) Directed toward idols instead of God.
2) Directed toward self instead of others.
3) Abuses earth selfishly.

Front 110

When regenerated the imago is progressively renewed through _____________?

Back 110

Sanctification

Front 111

The imago will be perfected in ____________?

Back 111

Glorification

Front 112

What are the three theories of the origin of the soul?

Back 112

1) Pre-existence
2) Creationism
3) Traducianism

Front 113

What is the pre-existence theory?

Back 113

Held by Plato to explain innate ideas in man not derived from sense. So, immaterial humanity exists in a previous state. This view was held by Origen and the 19th century theologian Julius Müller.

Front 114

What is the creationism theory?

Back 114

The soul of each human is immediately created by God at a certain point. This view is held by Aristotle, Jerome, Pelagius, and Aquinas, and in modern times by Charles Hodge and many Catholics.

Front 115

What is the traducianism theory?

Back 115

All souls are mediately created by God, but immediately propagated by Adam and his posterity. So, the soul and the body are the product of natural human generation. Tertullian, Gregory of Nyssa, A. A. Strong, and Francis Schaeffer hold this view. Augustine never decided between creationism and traducianism.

Front 116

What is trichotomy?

Back 116

The threefold division of human nature into body, soul, and spirit

Front 117

What are the three pieces of logic behind this view?

Back 117

1) God is Trinity
2) Man is made in God's image
3) Therefore, man must be tripartite

Front 118

What are the four pieces of Scripture in support of trichotomy?

Back 118

1) 1 Thess. 5:23
2) Heb. 4:12
3) Mark 12:30
4) Jude 19

Front 119

What is the evidence against this view?

Back 119

1) The error in the syllogism
2) The frequent interchangeable nature of biblical terms

Front 120

What is dichotomy?

Back 120

The twofold division of human nature into body and soul

Front 121

What is the purpose of human sexuality?

Back 121

1) Procreation
2) Pleasure

Front 122

What is homosexuality an example of?

Back 122

A sin of the perversion of God's plan for man

Front 123

What does Leviticus 18:22 call homosexuality?

Back 123

an abomination

Front 124

What does Romans 1 use homosexuality to show?

Back 124

How man will rebel against the natural use

Front 125

What does feminism reject?

Back 125

cannonical authority of patriarchal texts along with the acceptance of new sacred texts

Front 126

What is part of the feminist agenda?

Back 126

To reinterpret the divine in gender-inclusive ways or in specifically feminine ways

Front 127

What does an egalitarian believe?

Back 127

Equal in essence and equal in role or function

Front 128

What is the key text for an egalitarian?

Back 128

Galatians 3:28

Front 129

What does a complimentarian believe?

Back 129

Equal in essence but distinct in role or function

Front 130

What does the complimentarian believe about Galatians 3:28?

Back 130

The text is referring to the gospel and salvation explicitly