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28 Cards in this Set
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Revelation |
Movement of God to us, or when God reveals himself to us. We always start here to understand God. Jesus Christ is God incarnated, and represents God's words/revelations becoming a person. It is includes what we can know about God through God's own word addressed to us through the prophets and the authors of the books of the Bible, and through Jesus' actions, choices, relationships, etc. (Courtney S). [revised by jv] |
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Natural Revelation |
What we know about God through our own human knowledge (or God-given intellect) and through the beauty of the created world. This emphasizes creation, and contemplating reality as God's creation (Courtney S). [reviewed by jv] |
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Dei Verbum |
Document issued by the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II 1963-1965) explaining God's self-revelation to us, and how this revelation leads us to the response of faith (Aimee S.) It advanced Catholics official understanding of revelation pass the idea of the word in the Bible having been dictated by God (or angels) to a better understanding of the confluence of a divine and a human author for each book. [revised by jv] |
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Yahwist source |
One of the four sources that contemporary scholars believe have been included in the composition of the Torah (Pentateuch). The content of the Yahwist source was compiled around 950 BCE, which makes it the oldest and most "primitive" of the four sources of the Pentateuch. Examples of the Yahwist source can be found in passages such as the second account of creation, which characterizes God with more human qualities, making Adam out of clay like an artisan would, walking around the garden of Eden in the evenings, talking to Adam and Eve face to face. (Shannon) [revised by jv] |
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Theology of retribution |
The idea that God rewards righteous and punishes wicked. Peoples who believe in many Gods can deal with the randomness of divine intervention and attribute such randomness to jealousy among the gods... Peoples who believe that there is only one (just/fair) God have the expectation of retribution.(Shannon) Reality (where sometimes terrible people thrive while righteous people suffer) often leads us to challenge the theology of retribution. The book of Job is a good example of this. [revised by jv] |
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TaNaK |
this is an acronym from the initials of the three sections of the Hebrew bible.(Shannon) the three sections of the Hebrew Bible are the Law (Torah), Prophets (Neviim), and Writings (Kethubim), hence the T-N-K in tanak (Aimee S.) [revised by jv] |
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Embarrassment |
It is one of the criteria used by modern Biblical scholars to determine which events narrated in the Bible are likely to have originated in factual accounts. The idea is that stories that "embarrass" Jesus (make him not look so good) must have their origin in indeniable facts at the time. For example when the Gospels tell us that Jesus was baptized in the river Jordan by John the Baptist this was an embarrassment for Jesus because he was being baptized with criminals and prostitutes. Another example of this embarrassment is shown when Jesus is depicted dying on the cross. Again this is a punishment that was reserved for criminals and Jesus actually was hanging on the cross next to other criminals. (Shannon) The reason why the embarrassment shows that these were factual events is because the disciples who respected Jesus so much would not say bad of him unless it were absolutely true (Colleen) [revised by jv] |
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Kerygma |
this word is of Greek origin and means to preach of proclaim. The word is used to designate the original preaching of the Good News of Jesus Christ (before the Gospels and the rest of the NT were even written). It also emphasizes that one can teach and reach salvation through Jesus Christ in the early church.(Shannon) [revised by jv] |
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Apostle |
apostle and missionary are very similar. There is the Greek word apostello = to send and also the Latin word missio = to send (Shannon). In the New Testament the term "apostol" is applied to the many followers of Jesus who went out and spread his message (Aimee S.) There were 12 apostles, representing the 12 tribes of Israel- sons of Jacob, but there were many more "apostles" like Paul, Apolo, etc. (Natalie R.) [revised by jv] |
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Disciple |
This means one who is learning or who has learned, and are followers of Jesus. Many disciples of Christ were women along with men and all Christians are called disciples. (Shannon) Of course the 12 apostles who followed Jesus during his lifetime were also his disciples (learned from him) but many more were and are still today disciples of Jesus. (Casey Sheehan) [revised by jv] |
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Nazareth |
Nazareth is a city in the Northern region of Galilee. Jesus was considered a Nazarene even though he was born in Bethlehem because he grew up in Nazareth. According to the Gospel of Luke, Mary and Joseph lived in Nazareth prior to Jesus' birth. According to the Gospel of Matthew, Mary, Joseph, and Jesus all moved to Nazareth after going to Egypt to escape Herrod the Great (Stephanie S) [revised by jv] |
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Bethlehem |
town south of Jerusalem in the southern region of Judea. According to the Synoptic Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Jesus Christ was born in the town of Bethlehem (Victoria T). Everyone knew that the Messiah would be a descendent of David and would beborn in Bethlehem. [revised by jv] |
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"fundamental sacrament"- ur-sakrament; |
German expression that can be translated as "fundamental sacrament", it indicates how Jesus' life, mission, death, and resurrection (a visible reality), are a fundamental sacrament of God's (invisible) presence among humans. (Aimee S.) The adjective "fuindamental" emphasizes that Jesus' life, mission, death and resurrection are the foundation that makes possible the existence of the Church and of the seven sacraments. [revised by jv] |
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Transubstantiation |
this is an explanation of how we are actually consuming the body and blood of Christ during the Eucharist (which in Catholic theology is called the "real presence" of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine). In a literal definition it means to change substance but not the appearance. In the Eucharist the bread and wine are the body and blood of Christ respectively. (Tanner R.) (Colleen) The word "transubstantiation" indicates that the "substance," what the thing really is, has changed... it is not the body and blood of Christ, even though the appearance has not changed, the bread still tastes and looks like bread, and the wine still looks and tastes like wine. [revised by jv] |
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Homousious |
this Greek word, now translated in the Creed as "consubstantial" establishes that God and Jesus are of the same substance; Jesus Christ is fully divine. Jesus is one of the persons of the Blessed Trinity, making him the same substance as God. (Jillian Masse) The word "homousios" (consubstantial) cannot be found in the New Testament, and therefore it is also not present in the Apostles' Creed. It was adopted from Greek philosophy by the bishops in the council of Nicea to explain how it is possible that we have only one God, but we can talk of a "Father" and a "Son" and both are that same God. [revised by jv] |
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Confirmation |
One of the three sacraments of initiation into the Catholic Church in which a bishop confirms an individual's commitment to become an "adult" member of the Church. A candidate goes through a process of education and then is made a full member of the Church in a special mass. The bishop lays his hands on the candidates and invokes the coming of the Holy Spirit over them, and then anoints the candidates' foreheads with sacred chrism. Candidates receive the gifts of the Holy Spirit (Jillian Masse). Only the Bishop is allowed to give confirmation, the presbyter and deacon can not preside over this sacrament. (Mackenzie Katz). (Colleen). [revised by jv] |
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Bishop |
Highest degree of the sacrament of holy orders. A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who has a position over a diocese. This makes him in charge of the presbyters and deacons in his diocese. (Alex Cole) In order to become ordained a bishop the participation (and approval) of three other bishops is required since the times of the early Church. Nowadays the appointment of new bishops is done with the approval of Vatican officials, but because of tradition three bishops are still required in the ordination mass of a new bishop. (Emily Langlois) [revised by jv] |
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Penance |
One of the names given to the sacrament also known as "confession" or "reconciliation". In that sacrament the person who has sins that need forgiveness (penitent) comes to the priest and confesses them. The priest hears the confession, assesses the penitent's intention to avoid sin in the future and assigns a penance for the penitent to complete in order to achieve forgiveness. In this secondary sense, "penance" is also one of the elements of the celebration of the sacrament: one or more acts we perform in order to reconcile out relationship with God and the community after we have confessed our sins.(Alex Cole) This "penance" is often to say a few prayers or other devotional acts, but in some cases in includes the requirement to do "restitution" (return something you confess you have stolen, restore the reputation of someone whose reputation you confessed your ruined through gossip, etc.) [revised by jv] |
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Extreme unction |
Old name of the sacrament that we know today as "anointing of the sick". Extreme unction is the name given to this sacrament in Peter Lombard's list of seven sacraments in the 11th century. The "extreme" part of this name refers to the fact that the prayer was said only when a person was about to die. (Stephanie S.) [revised by jv] |
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Sacramentum in fieri |
Also known as "budding sacrament." In marriage, the sacramentum in fieri is how the Catholic church describes the sacrament at the moment of the exchanging of the vows and the couple starting their lives together. This is different from the Sacramentum in facto esse which is the full sacrament which acquires its binding character (indisolubility) after the marriage is "consummated" in the wedding night (by the couple having sex). The distinction between these to "stages" of the sacrament reminds us that unlike the other sacraments, the sacrament of marriage is realized throughout the couple's life together. (Jackie D) [revised by jv] |
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Gaudium et Spes |
This Latin expression literally translates as "the joys and the hopes" and is the title of one of the four constitutions resulting from the Second Vatican Council. It is an overview of the Catholic Church's teachings about the Church's relationship to modern society, especially in reference to economics, poverty, social justice, culture, science, technology, and ecumenism. Since the 1870s when the Church had been very defensive from modern ideas, the Church's attitude changed a lot, to the point that Gaudium et Spes embraces the modern world and stands in solidarity with modern men and women, especially the poor. It also emphasizes the irreplaceable role of the individual conscience in Catholic morality today. (Alex Cole) [revised by jv] |
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in persona Christi |
this Latin expression (literally meaning "in the role/persona of Christ") refers to the memorial of the last supper during the mass when the priest says the words of Christ specifically, "Take this all of you this is my body" etc.... One of the arguments used by Church authorities to deny ordination to the priesthood to women is that they cannot act "in Persona Christi" because historically Jesus of Nazareth was a male. It is important to remember, however, that the priest can speak in persona Christi not primarily because of "anatomical equivalence" with Jesus of Nazareth, but because he has previously spoken "in persona ecclesiae" when the priest acting as a representative of the whole community gathered in prayer asks the holy spirit to come down upon the bread and wine and turn them into the body and blood of Christ.(Shannon) (Casey Sheehan) [revised by jv] |
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Consience |
Described by Gaudium et Spes as the inner sanctum, where we stand alone with God as we make moral decisions. Best described as my own self as I make moral decisions, as I judge right from wrong, not two separate things. Must be developed over a lifetime. It is always wrong to disobey your conscience. (Tanner R.) It is better to obey your conscience than to just obey orders, and the world learned this during the Holocaust. (Natalie R.) Individuals are still expected to follow the Magisterium, but also taking into consideration their own conscience, and idea that was developed after Vatican II (Colleen). [revised by jv] |
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Magisterium |
The church teachers (today the Bishops, even though it used to include theologians as well) and the things they teach (doctrines, encyclicals, etc). (Tanner R.) Church authorities like the pope and bishops as well as the church doctrines and teachings that have accumulated over the history of the Church (Jillian Masse). [revised by jv] |
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Natural Law |
The idea that there is universal morality in all of us.(Shannon) From a Catholic perspective, Natural Law can be inferred by our God-given intellect from the way things in the world work, the purpose for which God has created them. It is the "source" behind Catholic's morality position that homosexual intercourse is "intrinsically disordered" because it does not lead to the logial (God-given) purpose of sex, which is procreation (Mackenzie Katz). One of the four "sources" of morality which also include scripture, experience, and tradition (Colleen). [revised by jv] |
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Annulment |
An annulment basically is an official declaration that the marriage never happened as a sacrament and therefore it is not recognized as binding the spouses together for life (indissolubility) in the eyes of the church. This usually occurs when it is discovered that one of the spouses never intended to fulfil the duties of the sacrament, or if one of the spouses was forced or coerced into the marriage. One example of this could be a shotgun wedding, where the groom is coerced or manipulated into an unwanted marriage. This could also occur if one of the spouses had no intentions of consummating the marriage. (Jackie D) [revised by jv] |
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Homosexual orientation |
The romantic or sexual attraction to someone of the same sex. The person him/herself is not and should not be judged by the Church, but certain aspect (including intercourse and marriage with the same sex) are not approved by the Church. (Alexis E.) [revised by jv] |
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"Intrinsically Disordered" |
According to Catholic theology, the proper context for sex is marriage, and marriage was created to fulfill three goals: union, procreation and sanctification. Sex in which one or more of the goals of marriage is not achieved is therefore labeled "disordered" because it is not ordered towards the intended purpose of sex within marriage. For example the church says that homosexual intercourse is intrinsically disordered because it cant complete the goal of procreation. An example of heterosexual behavior that that is considered to be intrinsically disordered is having sex outside of marriage because it does not maintain the union of marriage. Another example of intrinsically disordered behavior in heterosexual cases is masturbation because it again does not complete the unitive or the procreative goals of marriage but rather is done for personal pleasure. (Shannon) [revised by jv] |
