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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Condition of the Church
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*ppl wanted moral and administrative reform
*popes and clergy no more moral then common ppl *sold indulgences |
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Martin Luther
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*wanted reform of Christian Church and yearned for salvation
*wrote ninety five theses - saying indulgences undermined sacrament of penance - downplayed importance of Christianity -summoned b4 diet of worms and declared an outlaw *Theses published aroudn word..sparked debate *said celibacy not necessary |
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Social Impact of Luther's beliefs
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*ideas spread - converted to lutheran (didn't have to pay tax to church..and they confiscated church's land)
*he translated bible to german - ppl didn't |
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Germany and the Protestant revolution
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spurred patriotism and nationalism
George V - emperor of german who supported Catholic church but officially recognized Lutheran b/c his authority was in jeopardy (peace of augsburg) |
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Calvinism
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*convinced god called him to reform the church
*wanted to make Geneva the city of God *belived in pre-destination - accept ur destiny *believed absolute fsovereignty of god and total weakness of humanity |
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Anabaptists
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*to baptize again
*believe in freechoice - against predestination *let children decide their own religion * allowed women *wanted ppl to voluntary join the church after they had "seen the light" which only few did *attracted the poor, unemployed, and uneducated |
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The english reformation
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*King Henry VIII wanted a divorce but pope said no
*started anglican church *broke away from Rome |
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Catholic Reformation
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*sought renewal thru the stimulation of a new spiritual fervor
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Counter Reformation
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*reaction to the rise and spread of protestantism
*tried to convince dissidents to return to the church |
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Council of Trent
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*Pope Paul III
*met to reform church but also to secure reconciliation with Prostestants *Lutherans and Calvinists invited but b/c insistence on the scriptures was basis for discussion - reconciliation impossible *forbade sale of indulgences, suppressed pluralism and simony |
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Position of France for Council of Trent
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*would not participate b/c wanted Germany to be divided..did not want rome to reconcile w/ luterans b/c the division kept germany weak.
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Society of Jesus
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Ignatus Loyola - wrote spiritual exercises -
*played important role in resisting spread of Protestantism *converted asians and latin american indians to catholicism and spreading christian education all over europe *followers called jesuits *wanted to help souls (humanist) rather than reform church *very modern - attracted many ppl |
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The congregation of the Holy Office
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*conducted the Roman inquisition as a way to thwart protestants
*attacked heresy and had authority to arrest,imprison, and execute any catholic *the accused had no rights *inquisition effectively destroyed heresey w/ in papal states *had little effect outside of papal states |
