Theatre History Chap. 15 & 16 Terms

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gender diversity

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woman began to question traditional roles of male and female

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feminist theatre companies

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forced audiences to reexamine traditional gender roles and biases

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Marie Irene Fornes

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-cuban-american, feminist playwright, avant-garde dramtist
-she began the off-off-broadway movement

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Suzan-Lori Parks

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-Afrtican american female playwrite
-wrote about issues of racism and feminism
-"Parks Venues"

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August Wilson

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-Wrote "Fences"
-wrote a play about the african american situation in america for each decade of the 20th century

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Fences

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-written by August Wilson
-focuses on family values and the generation gap between parent and child in the african american community in the 1950's

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Joe Turner's Come and Gone

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-Wilson tried to capture the fact that freedom was an illusion to african americans in 1911 after the abolition of slavery
-about identity and finding a unique identity by looking to ones roots (specifically african american)

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Chicano theatre

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-began in the west and southwest
-during civil rights movement
-latino theatre

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El Teatre Camposino

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-founded by Luis Valdez
-founded to support a strike that farmworker had organized in Delano
-used comedia del arte as a framework
-best know for "actos" short pieces that propagandize for better lives for the workers, broadly comic in style, representational characters, and were highly theatrical
-performed on flatbed truck and traveled from town to town

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Luis Valdez

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-founded El Teatro Camposino
-playwright
-wrote Zoot Suit

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Zoot Suit

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-a Brechtian musical about racial violence in LA in 1943
-first and only chicano play to move to broadway

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Cuban American & Nuyorican theatre

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-developed chiefly in florida
-the federal theatre project resulted in 14 Cuban American Productions
-Nuyorican refers to Puerto Rican culture, mostly in NY

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Nilo Cruz

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-cuban american playwrite
-wrote anna and the tropics
-won pulitzer prize in 2003

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Puerto Rican Traveling Company

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-presented plays by Puerto Rican Playwrights

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Miguel Pinero

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-ex-con
-wrote "Short Eyes"
-a portrayal of prison life

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Pan-Asian Repertory Theatre

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-founded by Tsi Chang
-actor/director in NY
-employed asian playwrights and performers
-significant b/c usually sterotyped into roles, but with their own theatre produced dramas from their own cultural hertiage

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Pan-Asian Repertory Theatre

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-founded by Tsi Chang
-actor/director in NY
-employed asian playwrights and performers
-significant b/c usually sterotyped into roles, but with their own theatre produced dramas from their own cultural hertiage

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Pan-Asian Repertory Theatre

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-founded by Tsi Chang
-actor/director in NY
-emplopoyed asian playwrights and performers
-significant b/c asians typically stereotyped in theatre and this allowed them to produce work based upon there own cultural heritage

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Philip Kan Gotanda

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-Wrote a memory play called "A Song for Nisea Fisherman"

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David Henry Hwang

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-wrote "Madame Butterfly"
-underscore themes of western imperialism and sexism
-contributed to the broadway musical "Tarzan"

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David Henry Hwang

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-wrote "Madame Butterfly"
-underscore themes of western imperialism and sexism
-contributed to the broadway musical "Tarzan"

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Native American Theatre

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ritual cerimonies that had strong thetrical elements
-significant b/c unlike western theatre, the audience were a part of the cerimony

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M. Butterfly

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written by Hwang
underscored themes of western imperialism and sexism

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Gay and Lesbian Theatre

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during the 1960's, during the civil rights, feminist, and gay rights movements, a number of plays and playwrights introduced gay and lesbian themes into american theatre

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The Boys in the Band

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-brought homosexuality to the forefront of american theatre
-presented homosexuals as people not as caricatures

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Terrence McNally

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-homosexual playwright
-wrote "The Ritz"
-presented complex gay characters, unapologetically

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Tony Kushner

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-wrote "Angels in America"

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Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes

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-the gay situation in america in the 1980's, including themes of commitment, monogamy, closeted gays, and AIDS
-a two part play

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Charles Ludlum

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-wanted to poke fun at theatre
-a playwright/actor/director/designer --a complete theatre artist
-worked with the Ridiculous Theater Company
-performace style was cross dressing, exagerated
-performance style, burlesquing of popular and classical literature

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The Mystery of Irma Vep

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-written by Ludlum
-all character portrayed by two performers, who change costumes repeatedly
-makes audience confront the sterotypical representations of gender that have been part of theatre history
-all male and female charactes in the play are parodies of stereotypical genders found in melodrama
-makes his audience deal with issues of sexual orientation by never letting the audience forget that both actors are men

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Sam Shepard

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-playwright
-True West
-Steal Magnolias
-Buried Child

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David Mamet

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-playwright
-found the atlantic theatre company
-directed Oleanna
-Sexual Perversity in Chicago
-Duck Variations
-uses Pinteresque techniques

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British Composers

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E.g. Andrew Loyd Webber
Tim Rice

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alternative theatre

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-reflected post modernist POV
-rebel against traditional reading of texts
-argue that that theatre productions may have a variety of authors including directors and individual audience members
-each audience member relates his/her own reading

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alternative theatre

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-reflected post modernist POV
-rebel against traditional reading of texts
-argue that that theatre productions may have a variety of authors including directors and individual audience members
-each audience member relates his/her own reading
-post modernist directors are noted for deconstructing classic dramas, taking the original play apart, develop a new individual conceptualization, and trying to represent on stage the issues of power impeded in the text

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Richard Schechner

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-experimental theatre
-founded The Performance Group
-used a re-molded garage called The Performance Garage

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The Performance Group

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-experimental postmodernist theatre company
-cast men as women and women as men

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The Wooster Group

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-founded by Elizabeth LeCompt
-noted for deconstructed well know text and commenting on it
-The Hairy Ape

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Mabou Mines

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-founded by Lee Bruer
-well know for stage the worlks of Samuel Beckett
-high visual style
-use techniques from pop culture, including cartoons

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Joanne Akalaitis

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-director with Mabou Mines

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Richard Foreman/Robert Wison

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-experimental directors
-F-reminding audience that they are in the theatre
-W-he created long epic productions created around theatrical images accompanied by music in an operatic style
-both unified theme and POV
-organised in units like frames of TV

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Des McAnuff

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-directed Jersey Boys

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Peter Sellars

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-Create the Olympic art festival
-dirtected the Adeli Festival of Art

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Anne Bogart

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-viewpoints exercise
-Ruth Clark
-subdivided the elements of time
and space

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Steppenwolf

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Regional theatre in Chicago

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Guthrie Theatre

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-Minneapolis
-known for a strong permanent acting ensemble and for controversial staging of historic plays

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Public theatre

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Regional Theatre in NY
-Joe Papp Founder

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George Wolfe

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He Wrote "The Colored Museum"
public theatre's artistic director

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Martha Clarke

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combined dance with popular art by using stunning visual effects in her work

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Garden of Earlthy Delights

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-piece by Martha Clarke
-her best know productions

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Karen Finley

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did autobiographical material on stage
controversial b/c it espouse homosexuality and lesbianism

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Tim Miller

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performance artist
highly politicized

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Spalding Gray/Bill Irwin

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gray-member of performance group wooster group, best know for "Swimming to Cambodia" and "monster in the Box"
irwin-mine- like performances, uses popular slapstick techniques to reflect on the contemporary human condition
-often referred to as "new vaudeville"
-both are consider to be comerical

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Anna Deavere Smith

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-most prominent african american performance artist in the US
-one woman shows

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Caryl Churchill

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-feminist, english playwright
- developes her dramas by working closely with the actors, who suggested changes, additions, and deletions

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Andrei Serban

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Romanian director
got his staart at Cafe La Mama
"the Cherry Orchard"

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Ingmar Bergman

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film director and swcreenwriter
directed in many european countries

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Tadeusz Kantor

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Polish Director
Wielpole, Wielpole
Let the Artists Die
reveals his deepest, innermost thoughts through stunning theatrical imagry

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Ariane Mnouchkine

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director
founded Theatre Dusoleiel in Paris in 1964
one of the most widely admired director in europe

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Wole Soyinka

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nobel prize winning author
life in exile from his Nigerian homeland due to political opression and his unwillingness to remain silent in the face of totalitarianism

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Augosto Boal

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Brazillian playwright/director/theorist
Wrote lean Wife, mean Husband
bestknow for his theoretical work "Theatre of the Oppressed"