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42 Cards in this Set
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Expressionism |
-German -Has the Neue Mensch Theatre -Non-realistic sequences -Single central character, all other characters act as chorus -Two phases: Revolutionary phase (during the war, very "fight the power"), and the Pacifistic phase (post-war, very spiritual) -Ex: "Machinal" |
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Surrealism |
-Invented by Andre Breton -Valued freedom, exploration, psychic automatism -Just a bunch of weird crap -Ex: "Jet of Blood" (by Artaud) and that one play about the wedding on the top of the Eiffel Tower |
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Theatre of Cruelty |
-French -Founded by Artaud -Idea that play should be performed once and then be destroyed -All we read was Artaud's manifesto |
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Dada |
-Started in Switzerland -Anti-war -Also in NYC -Makes no sense, just do it for joy -Simoultaneous poetry -Birthed Surrealism |
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Futurism |
-Italian -Intense nationalism -Love the machine -Take pleasure in being booed (liked to prank the audience and offend them) -Had the syntesis (very short plays ex: a gun goes off. Curtain.) -Had bruitism (noise music) |
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Symbolism |
-French -Used Synesthesia (associating colors with scents) -Obsessed with stuff like blue and the moon -Actors spoke rhythmically and ritualistically -Ex: "The Crystal Spider" by Rachilde |
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Cabaret Performance |
-Dada comes from that (Cabaret Voltaire) -Founded by Tristan Tzara -Variety acts |
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Boulevard Theatre |
-French -Mainstream theatre -Everything the avant-garde is rebelling against |
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Little Theatre Movement |
-American -Small theatres all over the US start producing original plays from local playwrights -Experimental theatre, trying to find the "American Style" of playwriting -Prominent theatre in the movement is the Provincetown Playhouse |
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New Negro (Harlem) Renaissance |
-American -Rise of black arts and black artists in the 1900s and 1910s -W.E.B. DuBois writes black theatre "for us, by us, and near us" -Southern dialect project: Female writers from the north using "Slang" (incoherent speech used in stereotypical slave performances [yes'm massa, etc.]) when writing about the south to educate people in the north -Ex: "The Purple Flower" |
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Rachilde |
-French -Symbolist -Wrote "The Crystal Spider" |
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Ernst Toller |
-German -Expressionist -Playwright -Wrote "Transfiguration" |
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Antonin Artaud |
-French -Playwright -Founds Theatre Alfred Jarry -Founds Theatre of Cruelty -Wrote Surrealist play "Jet of Blood" |
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Marcel Duchamp |
-French -Moved to America -Brought Dada -Painter/Sculptor/Playwright |
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Maurice Maeterlinck |
-Belgian -Symbolist -Wrote "Home" |
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Oskar Kokoschka |
-Austrian -Expressionist |
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Sophie Treadwell |
-American -Playwright -Little theatre movement -Wrote "Machinal" |
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Baroness Elsa |
-German, but moved to America -Dadaist -Visual artist -Rich lady |
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Adolph Appia |
-Switzerland -Architect/Scenic designer -Symbolist -Made 3D living sets |
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Frank Wedekind |
-German -Wrote "Spring's Awakening" -Pre-Expressionist |
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Eugene O'Niell |
-American -Playwright -Expressionist/Realist -Wrote "Long Day's Journey Into Night" |
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Norman Bel Geddes |
-1893-1958 -American -Theatre designer -Influenced by Appia |
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Alfred Jarry |
-Symbolist -French -Imp, troublemaker, fuccboi -Known for including audience as a performer -Wrote "Ubu Roi" (BUT THE PLAY IS NOT A SYMBOLIST ONE) |
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Tristan Tzara |
-Romanian, moved to Switzerland -Created the term "Dada" -Founded the Cabaret Voltaire |
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Susan Glaspell |
-American -Little theatre movement -Founds Provincetown Playhouse |
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Georgia Douglas Johnson |
-American -Black female playwright |
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F.T. Marinetti |
-Italian -Futurist -HBIC of Futurism |
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Andre Breton |
-French -WAS a Dadaist, invented Surrealism -Wrote "The Magnetic Fields" |
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W.E.B. DuBois |
-American -Black -Founds Krigwa Players -Produces black plays for black audiences |
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Sar Peladan |
-Revamped the cult The Order of the Rosy Cross -Treated life as performance -Symbolist -The guy who said if women didn't have sex they could enter the land of the fairies |
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Luigi Russolo |
-Italian -Furutist -Known for inventing bruitism (noise music) |
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Arthur Cravan |
-French -Dadaist -Advertised as the world's first poet boxer |
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Synthesis |
-Short scenes -AKA Syntesi -Futurism -Ex: A gun fires. End of play. |
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Simoultaneous Poetry |
-Dadaist -Name is self-explanatory: two poems being read at the same time and it's utter nonsense -An attempt to get away from language |
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Primitivism/Orientalism |
-Modernists trying to get away from European mentality -Created fake Africanism, Orientalism, etc. |
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Correspondence/Synesthesia |
-Symbolist -Idea that colors and smells went together |
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Subscription System |
-American -Used in the Theatre Guild and Little Theatres |
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Audience as Performer |
-Used in multiple theatre movements -Alfred Jarry is especially known for doing this |
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Puppets VS Humans |
-Symbolist -Performers performed behind a scrim -Puppets were seen as better because they were not humanoid |
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Cruelty |
-Theatre of Cruelty invented by Artaud |
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Bruitism |
-Noise music -Invented by Luigi Russolo |
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Manifestos |
-People spewing their thoughts for a really long time -We read one for the Theatre of Cruelty |
