The Well Being Of The Emt

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Elizabeth Kubler-Ross
5 Emotional Stages of Death and Dying patients

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Denial "not me" Anger "why me" Bargaining "okay, but first let me.." Depression "fuck everything" Acceptance "bring it on"

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Dealing with they Dying Patient, family and bystanders

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Maintain patients dignity, respect for the patient, communicate, allow family members to express themselves, listen empathetically, do not give false assurances, gentle tone voice, take apropriate steps if family wants to touch the patients, do what you can to comfort the family,

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Stress Reaction

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There are three basic types of stress reactions that the EMT may experience. Acute Stress Reaction, Delayed Stress Reaction, Cummulative Stess Reaction.

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Acute Stress Reaction

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Results to exposure to a high stress situation, symptoms typically occur immediately or shortly after the incident.

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Delayed Stress Reaction

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PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is typical, Occurs from exposure to a high stress situation, however, the signs and symptoms are not evident immediately. It may be days, months or even yearss before the patient begins to experience the signs and symptoms of stress.

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Cummulative Stress Reaction

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Constant exposure to stressful situations that build over time, common cause of BURNOUT a state of exhaustion and irritability, may progress to anxiety and emotional exhaustion.

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Signs and Symptoms of Stress Reaction

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Irritability toward co-workers, patients, family and friends. Inability to concentrate, difficulty sleeping, nightmares, loss of appetite, anxiety, inability to make decisions, loss of interest in sexual activities, desire to be left alone, loss of interes in work, guilt.

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Critical Incident Stress Management C.I.S.M.

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A process to deal with stress encountered by the EMT. It consists of two different approaches to stress management: critical incident stress debriefing and critical incident defusing

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C.I.S.D.

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Critical Incident Stress Debriefing, held within 24 to 72 hours of a critical incident.

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Defusing

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A version of CISD held within 1 to 4 hours following a critical incident. Last only around 30-45.

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C.I.S.M. steps

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Preincident stress education, On-scene peer support, One-on-one support, Disaster support services, defusing, CISD, follow-up services, Spouse and family support, Community outreach programs, other health and welfare programs

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O.S.H.A.

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Department of Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidline require EMS personnel to take precautions against disease transmitted by blood and other potentially infectious substances or body fluids.

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B.S.I.

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Body Substance Isolation more recently called, Standard Precautions, is the means of protecting yourself from disease transmission through exposure to blood and other body fluids.

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P.P.E.

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Personal Protective Equipment is used for BSI

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Hand Washing

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Is the single most important way you can prevent the spread of infection. Wash hands with soap and water for 10-15 seconds even if you wore gloves.

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Cleaning

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Process of washing a soiled object with soap and water.

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Disinfecting

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Includes cleaning, but also involves using a hospital-grade disinfectant or germicide to kill many of the microorganisms that may be present.

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Sterilization

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Precess by which an object is subject to a chemical or physical substance (such as superheated steam in an autoclave) that kills microorganisms.

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Immunizations

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Before Beginning active duty you must have the following, PPD anually, tetanus 10years, hepatitis B, Influenza, Polio, Rubella, Measles, Mumps, Varicella

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Hepatitis B

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Directly affects the liver, it can be contracted thorugh blood and body fluids. Get vaccinated.

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Hepatitis C

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HCV infection has become the most common bloodborne infection in the US, there is no vaccination to prevent hepatitis infection. Risk of transmission from occupational exposure is low.

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Tuberculosis

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The pathogen that causes tuberculosis is found in the lungs and other tissues of the infected patient. Infections can be trough doplets from the cough of an infected patient. Special HEPA or N-95 respirators should be worn when dealing with tuberculosis.

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A.I.D.S.

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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Not the spread through casual contact. This is caused by HIV.

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H.I.V.

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Human immunodeficiency virus, destroys the body's ability to fight infections and may develop to AIDS