The Social And Economic Issues Associated With Urban Change

Front 1

Multiplier effect in Urban Growth

Back 1

Urban growth may arise for a number of reasons but ONCE STARTED , it becomes SELF-REINFORCING due to a number of forces:

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2 PROCESSES OF URBAN CHANGE :

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1.THE GROWTH AND DECLINE/DECAY OR
2. CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION
-The most obvious form is the GROWTH OF URBAN AREAS.
Urban decay, RARELY effects whole towns and cities but is found in localized pockets.
-Urban decay and growth are only one mode of urban change.
-Urban change covers many changes which are happening today at a spatial scales, from global to local and occurring at a variety of different speeds.
-Of all these changes, the most important are those occurring globally.
-They are DIRECT OUTCOMES of urbanization.

-Urban change is MORE COMPLEX and reflects dynamic nature of urban system.
-For example , it depends on whether we are referring to population, economic activity or spatial extent.
-Urban areas are often undergoing both processes at the same time or different areas of urban area may undergo growth and decline at different times.
-For example, inner city areas in MEDC cities are declining as their fringes grow.
-Some areas are declining in population but expanding in size as densities fall.
-Change is the norm for urban areas as the BALANCE OF INPUTS AND OUTPUTS changes and there are internal readjustments within the urban area.

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3 PROCESSES OF URBAN CHANGE

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1.THE RURAL - URBAN SHIFT
2.THE MEDC - LEDC SHIFT
3.THE SHIFT IN SIZE