The Skull Packet

Front 1

The skeleton of the head consisting of the cranial bones and the facial bones

Back 1

skull/cranium

Front 2

Part of the skull that protects the brain, meninges, and the organs of sight, hearing, and balance

Back 2

Neurocranium/Cranial cavity

Front 3

The bones of the face

Back 3

Viscerocranium

Front 4

Forms the forehead and rooks of the bony orbits/eye sockets.

Back 4

frontal bone

Front 5

What lies within the anterior part of the frontal bone, near the midline, superior to the nasal bones?

Back 5

paranasal sinuses

Front 6

what are the mucus-lined air cavities within a skull bone that communicate with the nasal cavity

Back 6

paranasal sinuses

Front 7

what are the functions of paranasal sinuses

Back 7

to produce mucous, lighten the skull boones, and act as resonance chambers that enhance vocal and singing quality

Front 8

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses

Back 8

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and maxillary

Front 9

What bone contributes to the superior portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity?

Back 9

Parietal bone

Front 10

what bone contributes to the inferior portion of the sides of the cranial cavity and part of the cranial base and is the only articulation with the mandible

Back 10

the temporal bone

Front 11

what is the bone that contributes to the posterior and lateral portion of the cranial cavity and the largest portion of the cranial base

Back 11

Occipital bone

Front 12

near the lateral edges of the foramen magnum are what

Back 12

hypoglossal canals

Front 13

hypoglossal canals allow the passage of what?

Back 13

the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Front 14

What bone acts as a bridge to unite the neurocranium with the viscerocranium

Back 14

sphenoid bone

Front 15

the body of the sphenoid square middle area contains what

Back 15

the paired spenoidal sinuses

Front 16

What part of the sphenoid bone projects laterally from the body and is/are part of the anterolateral cranial floor, and also contributes to anterolateral wall of the cranial cavity and lateral wall of the bony orbit.

Back 16

the greater wings

Front 17

on the sphenoid bone, what is located anterior and superior to the greater wings and forms the area within the roof of the bony orbit where the optic canal is located

Back 17

the lesser wings

Front 18

A saddle like depression on the superior surface of the body that holds the pituitary gland

Back 18

sella turcica

Front 19

what are the 3 medially located holes of the sphenoid bone?

Back 19

foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, and foramen spinosum

Front 20

What transmitts the maxillary nerve

Back 20

foramen rotundum

Front 21

what transmits the mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Back 21

the foramen ovale

Front 22

What transmits the accessory meningeal artery

Back 22

the foramen ovale

Front 23

what transmits the meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Back 23

foramen spinosum

Front 24

what transmits the middle meningeal artery~important

Back 24

foramen spinosum

Front 25

sites for attachment of muscles that move the mandible and soft palate

Back 25

pterygoid process

Front 26

structure that hangs vertically from the inferior surface where the body and greater wings unite on the sphenoid bone

Back 26

pterygoid process

Front 27

located between the greater and lesser wing

Back 27

superior orbital fissure

Front 28

superior orbital fissure transmits what structures

Back 28

oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), branches of the opthalmic nerve (CN V1) = frontal lacrimal and nasociliary, aductens nerve (CN VI), and the superior opthalmic vein

Front 29

the optic canal on the lesser wing contains the passage of what

Back 29

the optic nerve (CN II) and the opthalmic artery

Front 30

immovable interlocking seams of fibrous connective tissue

Back 30

sutures

Front 31

suture between the 2 parietal bones

Back 31

sagital

Front 32

suture between the frontal bone and 2 parietal bones

Back 32

coronal

Front 33

suture between a parietal bone and a temporal bone

Back 33

squamosal

Front 34

suture between the occipital bone and the 2 parietal bones

Back 34

lamboidal

Front 35

pterygoid process contains a canal that allows the passage for what

Back 35

nerve of the pterygoid canal

Front 36

On the ethmoid bone 2 lateral masses are joined superiorly across the midline by a horizontal perforated sheet of what bone

Back 36

cribiform plate

Front 37

What is lateral to the ethmoid bone

Back 37

bony orbits

Front 38

what is posterior to the ethmoid bone

Back 38

sphenoid bone

Front 39

what is anterior to the ethmoid bone

Back 39

nasal bones

Front 40

the ethmoid bone forms a portion of what structures

Back 40

the anterior part of the cranial floor, medial wall of the bony orbit, superior region of the bony nasal septum, and the rood of the nasal cavity

Front 41

on the ethmoid bone, the flat bone descending vertically from the cribiform plate

Back 41

perpendicular plate

Front 42

what composes most of the boundary between the nasal cavities and the bony orbits

Back 42

lateral masses/labyrinths

Front 43

forms the medial wall of the bony orbit

Back 43

orbital plate of the ethmoid/ lateral sheet of bone

Front 44

forms the superior portion of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and is characterized by the superior and middle nasal conchae

Back 44

medial sheet of bone

Front 45

prominent thin, triangular ridge on the superior surface of the ethmoid bone

Back 45

crista galli

Front 46

allows attachment of an anterior piece of dura mater to stabilize the brain's position within the skull

Back 46

crista galli

Front 47

lies on sides of crista galli and contains the foramina that permit teh passage of olfactory nerve fibers (CN I) from the nasal cavity to the prain to provide a sense of smell

Back 47

cribiform plate

Front 48

bones that project medially from the lateral masses and function to break up air flow and slow the movement during inhalation

Back 48

superior and middle nasal conchae

Front 49

forms the inferior part of the bony nasal septum

Back 49

the vomer

Front 50

bones projecting from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and are not attached to other bones resemble and function same as superior and middle conchae of ethmoid

Back 50

inferior nasal conchae

Front 51

what bone fuses in the midline at he intermaxillary suture to form the upper jaw bone and articulate with every bone in the viscerocranium except the mandible

Back 51

maxillae

Front 52

small rectangular bones that fuse in the midline to form the bridge of the nose

Back 52

the nasal bone

Front 53

the vertical part of the palatine bone

Back 53

the palatine perpendicular plate

Front 54

forms the uppermost portion of the palatine perpendicular plate and the most posterior piece of the floor of the bony orbit

Back 54

orbital process

Front 55

inferior to the orbital process and superior to the sphenoidal process of the palatine bone

Back 55

the sphenopalatine notch

Front 56

forms the uppermost portion of the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone and articulates with the body of the sphenoid

Back 56

sphenoidal process

Front 57

directed laterally from the junction of the perpendicular plate and horizontal plate

Back 57

pyramidal process

Front 58

what do the horizontal parts of the palatine bone form

Back 58

the posterior third of the hard palate and part of the floor of the nasal cavity

Front 59

what do the vertical parts of the palatine bone form

Back 59

the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa, and the floor of the orbit

Front 60

thin scale like bone situated in the anterior part of the medial wall of each orbit

Back 60

lacrimal bone

Front 61

the lacrimal bone contains the opening of what

Back 61

the nasolacrimal canal which ends in the nasal cavity

Front 62

What is the blood supply of the skull

Back 62

middle meningeal artery

Front 63

what is the middle meningeal artery a branch of

Back 63

the maxillary artery off of external carotid

Front 64

the anterior cranial fossa is innervated by

Back 64

meningeal brs. from ethmoidal nerves which are brs. of opthalmic nerve (V1)

Front 65

the middle cranial fossa is innervated by

Back 65

medially by the meningeal brs. from the maxillary nerve (V2) and laterally by the memingeal brs. from the mandibular nerve (V3)

Front 66

the posterior cranial fossa is innervated by

Back 66

meningeal brs. from 1st, 2nd, and sometimes 3rd cervical nerves

Front 67

the small size of the skull of a new born is due to what

Back 67

undeveloped maxillae, mandible, and paranasal sinuses, the absence of teeth, and small size of the nasal cavities

Front 68

The frontal bone is separated in 2 parts midline by the frontal/metopic suture which closes by what age

Back 68

6

Front 69

mastoid process is recognizable when

Back 69

at the end of the 2nd year

Front 70

what muscle allows the development of the mastoid process by pulling on it

Back 70

sternocleidomastoid muscle

Front 71

the midline of the maxillae

Back 71

intermaxillary suture

Front 72

the intermaxillary suture closes when

Back 72

at the beginning of the 3rd month

Front 73

the mandible is separated by what

Back 73

mandibular symphysis or mental symphysis (chin)

Front 74

the mandibular symphysis fuses at what age

Back 74

by the end of the 1st year

Front 75

fibrous membranes that allow movement between cranial bones

Back 75

fontanelles

Front 76

a diamond shaped area located on the top of the head between the 2 parietal bones adn the 2 frontal bone segments

Back 76

anterior (frontal) fontanelle

Front 77

the frontal fontanelle closes by what age

Back 77

18-24 months

Front 78

the small and irregular shaped area on each side of the head located in the region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones will join

Back 78

anterolateral (sphenoidal) fontanelles

Front 79

when dos the sphenoidal fontanelles close

Back 79

3 months

Front 80

triangular shaped area located between the 2 parietal bones and the occipital bone

Back 80

the posterior (occipital) fontanelle

Front 81

the occipital fontanelle begins and completely closes at what ages

Back 81

2 months and 1 year

Front 82

the irregular-shaped area located on each side of the head where the parietal, occipital, and temporal bones will join

Back 82

posterolateral (mastoid) fontanelle

Front 83

at what age does the mastoid fontanelle close

Back 83

1 year

Front 84

what are the most important fontanelles

Back 84

the frontal and occipital

Front 85

why are they the most important fontanelles

Back 85

because they determine if a baby is hydrated, and the state of intracranial pressure