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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stratum Basale
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single layer of columnar cells capable of mitosis. Germinal layer.
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Stratum Spinosum
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8 to 10 rows of polyhedral cells with spine-like projections
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stratum germinativium
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what the stratum basale and germanium are called together
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stratum granulosum
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2-3 layers of flattened cells where keratinization occurs
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stratum lucidum
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translucent layer containing eleiden
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stratum corneum
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layer of 25-30 rows of flat, dead, keratinized cells. Flakes off.
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Dermis
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tough but flexible loose connective tissue layer composed of a gel-like matrix heavily embedded with collagen, elastin, and reticilin fibers
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Papillary Layer
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upper, thin layer which forms the dermal papillae that protrude into the lower region of the dermis. Create finger prints.
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Reticular Layer
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typical dense irregular connective tissue that contains bundles of interlocking collagen fibers. Form lines of cleavage, tension, and flexure.
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Stretch Marks
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silvery white scars called striae caused by rapid growth causing a tearing in dermis
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Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels
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produces heat, redness, and swelling (edema). caused by release of histamines.
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phagocytic migration
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white cells known as Neutrophils and Monocytes migrate to the injured area. Monocytes become phagocytic microphages.
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Release of Nutrients
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nutrients are needed to fight antigens and repair damage
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fibrin formation
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fibrinogen precipitates out as fibrin which localizes and traps invading organisms. Forms fibrin clot which prevents hemorrhage and isolates area
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Pus formation
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thick fluid containing living and non-living cells (abscess or ulcer)
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Fibrosis
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formation of scar tissue
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Granulation
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tissue repair
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platelet
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formed element of the blood which contains an enzyme for clotting known as Thromboplastin
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Soluble fibrinogen
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soluble protein produced by the liver which becomes fibrin during clotting
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Prothrombin
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soluble protein produced by liver (inactivated thrombin)
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Vitamin K
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coenzyme for blood clotting by initiating the synthesis of prothrombin
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Calcium Ions
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involved in all stages of blood clotting.
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First Degree Burn
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burn that damages only the epidermis
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Second Degree Burn
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burn that damages deep epidermis and upper dermis, produces blisters
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Third Degree Burn
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destroys epidermis, dermis, and epidermal derivatives.
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Nails
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modified horny cells of the epidermis. Consists of nail body, free edge, and nail root.
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Nail Fold
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fold of the skin beneath the nail bed and the furrow between the two is the nail groove
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Eponychium (cuticle)
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narrow band of epidermis that occupies the proximal border of the nail and contains stratum corneum
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Hyponychium
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thickened area of stratum corneum below the free edge of the nail
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Nail Matrix
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epithelium of the proximal part of the nail bed which is the growth region
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Free nerve endings
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sensory for pain, located in dermis
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Merkel's discs
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most sensitive of receptors, located in stratum germinativium
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Meissner's Corpuscle
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"fine touch" receptor, located in papillary region
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Pacinian Corpuscle
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deep "pressure touch" receptors of dermis
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Root Hair Plexus
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nerve net around the hair follicle
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End Bulbs of Krause
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dermal "cold" receptors
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Ruffini's Corpuscles
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dermal "hot" receptors
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Basal cell carcinoma
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most common but least malignant skin cancer. alteration of cells in the stratum basalae
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squamous cell carcinoma
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"prickle"-cell carcinoma. alteration in stratum spinosum. not as common and more malignant than basal cell
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malignant melanoma
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rarest skin cancer, high deadly.
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