The Shoulder Joint

Front 1

glenohumeral joint

Back 1

shoulder joint! head of humerus with glenoid fossa of scapula

Front 2

what's bigger: the articulating surface of the humeral head or that of the glenoid fossa

Back 2

the humeral head! allows for range of motion

Front 3

anatomical neck of humerus

Back 3

more superior than the surgical neck, above tubercles

Front 4

surgical neck of the humerus

Back 4

more inferior than the anatomical neck; below the tubercles

Front 5

true or false: greater tubercle is more lateral than the lesser tubercle

Back 5

true

Front 6

combination of flex/ext and ab/ad

Back 6

circumduction

Front 7

tendon of the long head of biceps travels in the

Back 7

bicipital groove, between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus

Front 8

acromioclavicular joint

Back 8

synovial joint between acromium and clavicle

Front 9

glenoid fossa is deepened by the

Back 9

glenoid labrum

Front 10

long head of biceps attaches to the

Back 10

superior glenoid tubercle

Front 11

long head of triceps attaches to the

Back 11

inferior glenoid tubercle

Front 12

what lies between the coracoid process and the acromion

Back 12

the coracoacromial ligament

Front 13

what does the coracoacromial ligament do

Back 13

prevents upward displacement of the humeral head

Front 14

main extensor of elbow joint

Back 14

inferior glenoid tubercle

Front 15

main flexor of elbow joint

Back 15

superior glenoid tubercle

Front 16

shoulder joint is what kind of joint

Back 16

synovial

Front 17

what surrounds the shoulder joint

Back 17

joint capsule

Front 18

what ligaments reinforce the join capsule

Back 18

anterior: glenohumeral ligament

superiorly: coracohumeral ligament (attached to coracoid)

Front 19

bursae is between

Back 19

bone and muscle

Front 20

tendon sheath is between

Back 20

bone and tendon

Front 21

extensions of the shoulder joint capsule form

Back 21

supscapular bursae and synovial shealth for the biceps tendon

Front 22

subscapular bursae separates

Back 22

a portion of the subscapularis from the scapula

Front 23

subscapular bursae is continuous with

Back 23

synovial sheath for the biceps tendon and shoulder joint capsule

Front 24

three muscles attaching to bicipital groove

Back 24

latissimus dorsi (from posterior to floor) , teres major (from posterior to medial lip), pectoralis major (from anterior to lateral lip)

Front 25

does teres major lie medial or lateral to latissimus dorsi on the humerus?

Back 25

medial (posterior) to lat because it attaches "behind" the chest wall

Front 26

transverse humeral ligament

Back 26

holds biceps tendon in the bicipital groove

Front 27

what holds the biceps tendon in the bicipital groove?

Back 27

the transverse humeral ligament

Front 28

acromioclavicular joint is what kind and does what

Back 28

synovial plane joint; transmits motion from scapula to clavicle

Front 29

what two ligaments strengthen the acromioclavicular joint

Back 29

the acromioclavicular ligament and the coracroclavicular ligament

Front 30

what is shoulder separation

Back 30

dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint. NOTE this is not a separation of the glenohumeral joint.

Front 31

severe shoulder separation can involve

Back 31

tearing of the weaker acromioclavicular ligament or the stronger coracoclavicular ligament

Front 32

Blood supply to the shoulder joint

Back 32

complex anastomosis. primarily from the axillary artery. incl. acromial branch of thoracoacromial artery (prox), and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries (distal)

Front 33

rotator cuff muscles, posterior side

Back 33

SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinattus, and teres minor (superior to inferior)

Front 34

what motion does supraspinatus allow for

Back 34

abduction

Front 35

what motion do teres minor and infraspinatus do?

Back 35

lateral rotators

Front 36

what muscle lies on the deep surface of the scapula (when viewed from behind) and what does it do

Back 36

the subscapularis. medial rotator.

also has subscapular bursa that protects it.

Front 37

the supraspinatus and infraspinatus are supplied by

Back 37

the suprascapular artery and nerve

Front 38

where might the suprascapular nerve become trapped?

Back 38

as it passes behind the transverse scapular ligament (aka suprascapular ligament aka superior transverse ligament) which runs across scapular notch

Front 39

what separates the subacromial bursa from the shoulder joint cavity?

Back 39

the tendon of the supraspinatus

Front 40

what does the tendon of the supraspinatus separate?

Back 40

the shoulder joint cavity from the subacromial bursa

Front 41

a portion of the subacromial bursa lies deep to

Back 41

the deltoid muscle

Front 42

bursitis of subacromial bursa can cause

Back 42

difficulty with abduction (bc supraspinatus). also may allow the supraspinatus tendon to rub against the acromion and damage the tendon; eventually subacromial bursa and shoulder joint cavity may communicate

Front 43

the supracromial bursa separates

Back 43

the supraspinatus tendon and the acromion

Front 44

the longhead of the triceps passes between

Back 44

teres minor and teres major

Front 45

the quadrangular space allows passage of

Back 45

axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

Front 46

the triangular interval

Back 46

between the longhead of the triceps and the humerus; allows passage of radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

Front 47

the triangular space

Back 47

between teres muscles; allows passage of circumflex scapular artery

Front 48

pectoralis major motion

Back 48

adductor and medial rotator

Front 49

teres major and latissimus dorsi

Back 49

adductors

Front 50

biceps

Back 50

flexor

Front 51

triceps

Back 51

extensor via its long head

Front 52

deltoid

Back 52

abductor(middle fibers abduct arm), flexor (anterior fibers flex arm), and extensor (posterior fibers extend the arm at the shoulder joint)

Front 53

attachments of deltoid

Back 53

attached to spine of the scapula, acromion, lateral third of the clavicle; inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Front 54

what do middle fibers of the deltoid do?

Back 54

abduct the arm

Front 55

what do anterior fibers of the deltoid do?

Back 55

flex the arm

Front 56

what do posterior fibers of the deltoid muscle do?

Back 56

extend the arm at the shoulder joint

Front 57

what must happen in order to achieve full abduction of the upper limb?

Back 57

the scapula must rotate and move anteriorly on the chest wall

Front 58

what muscles allow the scapula to rotate and move anteriorly?

Back 58

trapezius and serratus anterior

Front 59

who supplies the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles (n)

Back 59

spinal accessory and long thoracic nerves

Front 60

damage to what nerve causes winged scapula

Back 60

long thoracic nerve

Front 61

damage to long thoracic nerve can cause

Back 61

winged scapula, weakness in abduction and pushing

Front 62

what helps with the return of the scapula to its adducted position?

Back 62

levator scapuli and rhomboid muscles

Front 63

what does sternoclavicular joint allow

Back 63

required motions of the clavicle, hunging and rotation (articular disc in the joint)

Front 64

Hilton's Law

Back 64

nerves supplying a joint are branches of nerves supplying muscles that act on that joint

Front 65

nerves that supply the shoulder joint are branches of

Back 65

suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral nerves

Front 66

force of a fall on an outstretched hand is transmitted

Back 66

via the shoulder and acromioclavicular joints to the clavicle, may fracture clavicle (usually in middle third)

Front 67

most dislocations of the shoulder occur

Back 67

anteriorly, due to forcible extension while the shoulder is abducted.

Front 68

what can a dislocation of the shoulder to

Back 68

may stretch axillary nerve and damage it, causing wasting of deltoid muscle and loss of its function

Front 69

contracting serratus anterior muscle

Back 69

pulls inferior angle of scapula laterally and anteriorly