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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adaptation
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the process of becoming adapted to an enviroment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral trait that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
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base unit
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one of the fundamental units of measurement that describes length, mass, time, and other quantities and from which other units are derived
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cell
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in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and containe DNA and cytoplasm
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cell division
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the formation of two cells from one existing cell
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compound light microscope
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a microscope that uses light to illuminate a specimen that it then magnified by two lenses
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control group
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in an experiment, a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor
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dependent variable
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in an experiment, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more other factors; also called a responding variable
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domain
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in a modern taxonomic system, the broadest category; the category that contains kingdoms
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ecology
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the study of the interactions between organisms and the other living and nonliving componenets of their enviroment
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ecosystem
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a community of organisms and their abiotic enviroment
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evolution
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a heritable change in teh characteristics within a population from one generation to the next; the development of new types of organisms from preexisting typs of organisms over time
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experiment
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a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth
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experimental group
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in an experiment, a group that is identical to a control group except for one factor and that is compared with the control group
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gene
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a short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait
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homeostasis
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the steady-state physiological condition of the body
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independent variable
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in an experiment, the factor that is deliberately manipulated, also called the manipulated variable
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kingdom
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in a traditional taxonomic sytem, the highest taxonomic category which contains a group of similar phyla
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magnification
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the increase of an object's apparent size by using lenses or mirrors
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metabolism
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the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
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metric system
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a decimal-based standard system of measurement that is used by scientists; similar to the systeme internationale
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multicellular
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describes a tissue, organ, or organism that is made of many cells
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natural selection
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the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reporuce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution
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observation
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the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses
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organ
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a collection of tissues that carry out a specilized function of the body
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organelle
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one of the small bodies that are found in teh cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function
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reproduction
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the process of producing offspring
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resolution
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in microscopes, the ability to form images with fine detail
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scientific method
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the series of steps folloed to solve problems, including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions
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tem
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transmit electron microscope; transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen
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sem
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scanning electron microscope; 3D no sliced
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theory
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in scientifical terms, a highly tested general truth, in everday terms, a guess or conjecture
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tissue
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an aggregate of similar cells and cell products forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function, in a multicellular organism
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unicellular
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having or consisting of a single cell
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