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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are receptors? |
A group of specialised cells that detect stimuli and turn them into electrical impulses. They are often located in the sense organs |
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What are stimuli? |
They detect changes in the environment |
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What is the nervous system? |
The nervous system is your body's mechanism which allows it to react to its surroundings and alter it's behaviour |
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What is the nervous system made up of? |
Brain Spinal cord Nerves Receptors |
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What does the central nervous system consist of? |
The brain and spinal cord |
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What are nerves made up of? |
Neurons |
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What is an effector? |
Any part of the body that produces the response |
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What are the 2 types of effectors? |
Muscles a and glands which release a hormone into the blood |
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What is a hormone? |
A hormone is a chemical messenger produced in glands and carried by the blood to specific organs in the body |
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What are neurons? |
Nerve cells that carry information in electrical signals |
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What are the 3 types of neurons? |
Sensory neurons Relay neurons Motor neurons |
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What are synapses? |
Gaps between neurons |
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How do synapses work? |
The nerve signal is transferred by chemicals which diffuse across the gaps. These chemicals are then set off by a new electrical signal to the next neurone |
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When is the order of the nervous system? |
Stimulus Receptor Sensory neurone Relay neurone Motor neurone Effector Response |
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What is homeostasis? |
The mechanism by which the body keeps it's internal conditions constant |
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What does temperature do? |
Keeps the body at the right temperature for chemical reactions to occur at optimum rate |
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What happens if temperature gets to high or low? |
High: sweat more, hairs lie flat, blood comes to skins surface Low: shiver, hairs stand up, blood goes away from skins surface |
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What does water do? |
Keeps you hydrated, supports cells, and chemical reactions |
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What happens if water gets to high or low? |
High: increased sweat, and urinate more Low: urinate less, and decreased sweat |
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What does sugar do? |
It is used for energy and respiration |
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Whqt happens if sugar gets to high or low? |
High: stores sugar in muscles and liver and is converted into fat Low: releases stored sugar in the blood |
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What does salt do? |
It is essential for nerves and muscles to work efficiently |
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What happens if salt gets to high or low? |
High: removed by urine and sweating Low: reabsorbs salt from blood and urine |
