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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Observation & palpation skills of the neck
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-identify signs of underlying systemic pathologies
-identify normal v. abnormal findings |
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Hyoid bone
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-most ligaments/muscles below & above attach to this bone
-palpate superior to laryngeal prominence (approx. C3 level) -suspended, no articulation w/ other bones -Landmarks: greater & lesser horns; body -used as the line btwn. superior & inferior |
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Thyroid cartilage
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-hyaline cartilage
-laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple) -thyroid notch |
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Cricoid cartilage
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-hyaline cartilage, articulates w/ thyroid cartilage
-only complete ring to circle the airway -border btwn larynx & trachea |
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Jugular (suprasternal) notch
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-fossa (depression) btwn sternal heads of SCM
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Transverse Process of C-1
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-palpate inferior to mastoid process
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Supraclavicular fossa
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-depression overlying the supraclavicular triangle
-pressure pt of subclavian artery (palpate subclavian pulse just posterior to clavicle-junction of medial & middle 3rd of clavicle) |
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SCM (sternocleidomastoid)
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sternal & clavicular attachments up to mastoid process
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Surface Anatomy of the Neck
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-Hyoid bone
-Thyroid bone -Cricoid cartilage -Jugular notch -Transverse process of C-1 -Supraclavicular fossa -SCM (sternocleidomastoid) -Thyroid gland -EJV (external jugular vein) |
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Cervical Viscera
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-Thyroid gland
-Parathyroid gland -Pharynx -Larynx -Trachea -Esophagus |
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Larynx
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-Connects pharynx to trachea
-Vocal folds: cartilage, ligaments & sm. laryngeal muscles -Major cartilages: thyroid, epiglottis, & cricoid |
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Larynx Innervation
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Vagus nerve (C10) w/ 2 branches:
-Superior laryngeal nerve branches into internal (sensory/autonomic) & external (motor) laryngeal nerves -Recurrent laryngeal nerve u-turns under the subclavian artery (R) and arch of aorta (L); becomes inferior laryngeal nerve @ larynx *intrinsic muscles of larynx but 1 |
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Thyroid gland
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-deep to infrahyoid muscles
-2 lobes anterolateral to trachea & larynx -isthmus anterior to trachea Endocrine function: -role in metabolism, growth, temp., regulation, sympathetic activity -secretes T3 & T4, calcitonin (reduces blood calcium) |
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Parathyroid glands
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-4 sm. glands in thyroid (pea shaped)
Endocrine function: -critical role in maintaining calcium & phosphate balance |
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Pharynx
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-2 functions: pass food to esophagus & conduct air to larynx/trachea
-3 sections: nasopharynx (sup. to soft palate & post to nasal cavity) oropharynx (soft palate to tip of epiglottis) laryngopharynx (epiglottis to cricoid cartilage) -2 layers of muscle: outer circular layer (3 constrictors) & inner longitudinal layer (arch) -vagus nerve (CN10) innervation -use of constrictor muscles for swallowing |
