The Language Of Medicine 10Th Ed. Chabner Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Front 1

Cholangiectasis

Back 1

Dilation of bile vessel.

Front 2

Abdominal ultrasonography

Back 2

Sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.

Front 3

Abdominoplasty

Back 3

Surgical repair of the abdomen.

Front 4

Amylase & lipase tests

Back 4

Tests for the levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in the blood.

Front 5

Aphthous stomatitis

Back 5

Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers.

Front 6

Atresia

Back 6

Not open (no opening).

Front 7

Bariatric surgery

Back 7

Reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy).

Front 8

Biliary atresia

Back 8

No opening of the bile ducts (into the duodenum).

Front 9

Bronchospasm

Back 9

Sudden, involuntary contraction of bronchial tubes (as during an asthmatic attack).

Front 10

Buccal

Back 10

Pertaining to the cheek.

Front 11

Cecal volvulus

Back 11

Twisting of a part of the cecum upon itself.

Front 12

celiac disease

Back 12

Autoimmune disorder of the small intestine; villi are damaged as a result of eating gluten.

Front 13

Cheilosis

Back 13

Abnormal condition of the lip.

Front 14

Cholangiectasis

Back 14

Dilation of bile vessel.

Front 15

Cholangiocarcinoma

Back 15

Malignant tumor of bile vessel.

Front 16

Cholangiography

Back 16

X–ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts.

Front 17

Cholangitis

Back 17

Inflammation of bile vessels.

Front 18

Cholangiopancreatography

Back 18

ERCP - Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. A contrast medium is administered through an oral catheter (tube) and then passes through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum and into bile ducts. This procedure helps diagnose problems involving the bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Front 19

Cholecystectomy

Back 19

Removal of the gallbladder.

Front 20

Cholecystojejunostomy

Back 20

New opening between the gallbladder and the jejunum.

Front 21

Cholecystolithiasis

Back 21

Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder.

Front 22

Choledochal

Back 22

Pertaining to the common bile duct.

Front 23

Choledochectasia

Back 23

Dilation of the common bile duct.

Front 24

Cholelithiasis

Back 24

Abnormal condition of gallstones.

Front 25

Cholestasis

Back 25

Stoppage of the flow of bile.

Front 26

Colectomy

Back 26

Removal of the colon.

Front 27

Colonoscopy

Back 27

Visual examination of the colon.

Front 28

Computed tomography (CT)

Back 28

A series of x–ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section).

Front 29

Dentalgia

Back 29

Pain in a tooth.

Front 30

Diarrhea

Back 30

Loose, watery discharge of feces.

Front 31

Duodenal

Back 31

Pertaining to the duodenum.

Front 32

Dyspepsia

Back 32

Difficult digestion; indigestion.

Front 33

Dysphagia

Back 33

Difficult swallowing.

Front 34

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

Back 34

Use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

Front 35

Esophageal atresia

Back 35

No opening of the esophagus (into the stomach). Closure of the esophagus.

Front 36

Gastric bypass or bariatric surgery

Back 36

Reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy).

Front 37

Gastroenteritis

Back 37

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines.

Front 38

Gastrointestinal endoscopy

Back 38

Visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope.

Front 39

Gastrojejunostomy

Back 39

New opening between the stomach and the jejunum.

Front 40

Gastrorrhagia

Back 40

Discharge of blood from the stomach.

Front 41

Gastrostomy

Back 41

New opening of the stomach to the outside of the body.

Front 42

Gingivectomy

Back 42

Removal of gum tissue.

Front 43

Glossectomy

Back 43

Removal of the tongue.

Front 44

Gluconeogenesis

Back 44

Formation of new glucose (by liver cells).

Front 45

Glycogen

Back 45

Storage form of sugar.

Front 46

Hematemesis

Back 46

Vomiting blood (from the digestive tract).

Front 47

Hemoptysis

Back 47

Spitting up blood (from the respiratory tract).

Front 48

Hemorrhage

Back 48

Bursting forth of blood.

Front 49

Hepatomegaly

Back 49

Enlargement of the liver.

Front 50

Herniorrhaphy

Back 50

Suture (repair) of a hernia.

Front 51

HIDA scan

Back 51

Radioactive imaging procedure that tracks the production and flow of bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine.

Front 52

Ileostomy

Back 52

New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.

Front 53

Labiodental

Back 53

Pertaining to the lips and teeth.

Front 54

Laproscopy

Back 54

visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen.

Front 55

Lipase

Back 55

Enzyme to digest fat.

Front 56

Liver biopsy

Back 56

Removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination.

Front 57

Liver function tests (LFTs)

Back 57

Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in the blood.

Front 58

Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)

Back 58

X–ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum.

Front 59

Magnetic Resonance Imagining

Back 59

Magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.

Front 60

Nasogastric intubation

Back 60

Insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach.

Front 61

Oropharynx

Back 61

The region of the throat near the mouth.

Front 62

Palatoplasty

Back 62

Surgical repair of the palate.

Front 63

Pancreatic

Back 63

Pertaining to the pancreas.

Front 64

Pancreatoduodenectomy

Back 64

Removal of the pancreas and duodenum; Whipple procedure.

Front 65

Paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

Back 65

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen.

Front 66

Periodontal membrane

Back 66

Membrane surrounding a tooth.

Front 67

Polyphagia

Back 67

Much (over) eating.

Front 68

Proctosigmoidoscopy

Back 68

Visual examination of the anus and rectum.

Front 69

Pyloric stenosis

Back 69

Narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.

Front 70

Pylorospasm

Back 70

Involuntary contraction of the pyloric sphincter.

Front 71

Rectal carcinoma

Back 71

Cancer of the rectum.

Front 72

Sialadenectomy

Back 72

Removal of a salivary gland.

Front 73

Splenic flexure

Back 73

Area of the colon that bends downward near the spleen.

Front 74

Steatorrhea

Back 74

Discharge of fat in feces.

Front 75

Stool culture

Back 75

test for microorganisms present in feces.

Front 76

Stool guaiac test or hemoccult test

Back 76

Test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces.

Front 77

Sublingual

Back 77

Pertaining to under the tongue.

Front 78

Upper gastrointestinal series

Back 78

X–ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.