"the Human Species" - Intro To Biological Anthropology Ch. 3

Front 1

Breeding Population (H)

Back 1

A group of organisms that tend to choose mates from within the group. (H)

Hint 1

Hometown sweethearts

Front 2

Genotype Frequency (H)

Back 2

A measure of the relative proportions of different genotypes within a population. (H)

Hint 2

-Computed by dividing the number of individuals with each genotype by the total number of individuals.

Front 3

Allele Frequency (H)

Back 3

A measure of the relative proportion of alleles within a population. (H)

Hint 3

-Computed by counting the number of each allele and dividing that number by the total number of alleles.

Front 4

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Back 4

In the absense of nonrandom mating and evolutionary forces, genotype and allele frequencies will remain the same from one generation to the next.

Front 5

Evolutionary Forces (H)

Back 5

Four mechanisms that can cause changes in allele frequencies from one generation to the next. (H)

Hint 5

Mutation, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, and Gene Flow

Front 6

Nonrandom Mating (H)

Back 6

(Somewhat consistent)Patterns of mate choice that influence the distributions of genotype and phenotype frequencies. (H)

Hint 6

-Inbreeding
-Assortive Mating

Front 7

Inbreeding

Back 7

Mating between biologically related individuals.

Front 8

Assortive Mating (H)

Back 8

Mating between phenotypically similar or dissimilar individuals.(H)

Hint 8

Such as blondes having a prefrence to mate only with other blondes

Front 9

Polymorphism(H)

Back 9

A discrete genetic trait in which there are at least two alleles at a locus having frequencies greater than 0.01 and too large to be the result of mutation alone.(H)

Hint 9

(many forms)

Front 10

Fitness (H)

Back 10

An organism's probability of survival and reproduction.(H)

Hint 10

Survival Rate

Front 11

Balancing Selection

Back 11

Selection for the Heterozygote and against the homozygote.

Hint 11

results in a balance between the two

Front 12

Stabilizing Selection(H)

Back 12

Selection against extreme values, large or small, in a continuous trait.(H)

Hint 12

Babies born smaller or larger than the optimum birth weight have less chance of survival.

Front 13

Directional Selection(H)

Back 13

Selection AGAINST one extreme in a continuous trait and/or selection FOR the other extreme.(H)

Hint 13

<-- or -->

Front 14

Genetic Drift (H)

Back 14

A mechanism for evolutionary change resulting from the random fluctuations of gene frequencies from one generation to the next.(H)

Hint 14

The Dunkers

Front 15

Founder Effect (H)

Back 15

A type of genetic drift caused by the formation of a new population by a small number of individuals. The smaller the population the greater the deviation(H)

Hint 15

Tristan da Cuhna

Front 16

Gene Flow(H)

Back 16

A mechanism for evolutionary change resulting from the movement of genes from one population to another.(H)

Hint 16

Often called Migration