The Human Body In Health And Disease

Front 1

The endocrine system consists of glands that release chemicals:

Back 1

into the blood

Front 2

Second messengers are important in the functioning of:

Back 2

protein hormones

Front 3

Protein hormones have hormone receptors in the:

Back 3

cell membrane

Front 4

Steroid hormones have hormone receptors in the:

Back 4

nucleus of the cell

Front 5

Steroid hormones:

Back 5

cause protein synthesis in the cell

Front 6

Hormones:

Back 6

can use positive feedback mechanisms and negative feedback mechanisms

Front 7

TSH:

Back 7

is secreted by the adenohypophysis and stimulates the release of thyroid hormone

Front 8

Hyposecretion of growth hormone can produce:

Back 8

dwarfism

Front 9

Hypersecretion of growth hormone can produce:

Back 9

acromegaly and gigantism

Front 10

Hypersecretion of growth hormone after normal growth years can produce:

Back 10

acromegaly

Front 11

Oxytocin:

Back 11

- is released by the posterior pituitary gland
- stimulates uterine contraction
- uses a positive feedback mechanism

Front 12

Diabetes insipidus:

Back 12

casues dehydration

Front 13

The thyroid gland:

Back 13

is found in the neck

Front 14

Calcitonin causes:

Back 14

a decrease in the blood concentration of calcium

Front 15

A condition casued by hypothyroidism resulting from a low dietary intake of iodine is called:

Back 15

simple goiter

Front 16

Hypothyroidism that occurs later in life can lead to:

Back 16

myxedema

Front 17

Aldosterone:

Back 17

is a mineralcorticoid

Front 18

Aldosterone:

Back 18

increases blood sodium levels

Front 19

Aldosterone has its effects mainly on the cells of the:

Back 19

kidney

Front 20

Cortisol:

Back 20

- is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex
- is a glucocorticoid
- has an antiimmunity effect

Front 21

Androgens, which are similar to testoserone:

Back 21

are secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex

Front 22

Epinephrine:

Back 22

is released in response to stress

Front 23

This can occur in women with hypersecretion of androgens from the adrenal gland:

Back 23

virilization

Front 24

Insulin:

Back 24

- is made by beta cells in the pancreas
- has the opposite effect of glucagon
- decreases the blood glucose level

Front 25

The ovary secretes:

Back 25

Estrogen

Front 26

The corpus luteum secretes mostly:

Back 26

progesterone but some estrogen

Front 27

Testosterone is:

Back 27

produced by the interstitial cells of the testes and the masculinizing hormone

Front 28

The placenta releases:

Back 28

- chorionic gonadotropins
- progesterone
- estrogen

Front 29

The pineal gland is:

Back 29

- located in the mediastinum
- sometiems called the "third eye"