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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Moral Treatment Movement |
- Began in the 1700s/1800s - All people are entitled to consideration and human compassion - Sought ways to make the existence of those confined more bearable (through purposeful activity) - Found that having structure and activities to engage in increased health - Founding of the movement:
*Philippe Pinel -> work treatment for psych. pts.
*William Tuke -> created the York retreat
- Movement spread through America via Benjamin Rush |
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Arts & Crafts Movement |
- Founders:
* John Ruskin * William Morris
- Advocated the making of homemade goods, since society was becoming more industrialized |
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Herbert Hall |
- Physician that applied the principles of the Arts & Crafts movement to the medical field - Purpose was to improve not only his pts. financial independence, but their health as well |
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George Edward Barton |
- American architect / Protege of William Morris - Helped to improve the care of convalescent people - Opened the Consolation House in NY
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William Dunton Rush, Jr. |
- Father of OT - Physician working with psych pts. @ Sheppard Asylum in Maryland - 1915, published "OT: A Manual For Nurses" |
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Eleanor Clarke Slagle |
- Mother of OT - Developed "habit training" - Organized 1st professional school for OT practitioners |
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Susan Tracy |
- Nurse educator that helped to train nurses in the use of occupations - Tried to keep OT as a nursing specialty only |
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Susan Cox Johnson |
- Designer and Arts & Crafts teacher - Director of Occupations in NY - Sought to prove that occupation could be morally uplifting, improve mental health, and increase physical wellness. Also, that individuals could contribute to their self support |
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Thomas Kidner |
- Canadian architect - Designed hospitals for TB pts, as well as a vocational rehab system for Canadian WWII veterans |
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March 15, 1917 |
- First meeting of the "National Society for the Promotion of OT" met in NY - In attendance: *George Barton *William Dunton *Eleanor Clarke Slagle *Susan Cox Johnson *Thomas Kidner |
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Adolf Meyer |
- Swiss physician/psychiatric professor at John Hopkins University - Promoted the perspective of holism in the OT field |
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WWI |
- Creation of reconstruction aides to help with President Wilson's reconstruction program for veterans - Purpose was to rehab vets to return to active duty or to work - War ended in 1918, which lead to a decrease in reconstruction aides. The Great Depression also contributed to this decrease. - After the war, two acts were created:
1. Soldiers Rehabilitation Act (1918) - Voc. rehab for active duty soldiers
2. Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act (1920) - Matched federal funds 50/50 for civilians with disabilities |
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1921 |
- NSPOT changed name to American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) |
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1923 |
- AOTA created minimum standards for OT course training |
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WWII |
- Created more demand for OTs |
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Deinstitutionalization Plan |
- During mid-1950s - Development of new psychiatric drugs helped to control psychotic behavior - Lead to a national release of pts. |
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Rehabilitation Movement |
- 1942 -> 1960 - Increase in the employment of OTs at the VA; saw a shift from tx of psychiatric and TB pts to a focus on physical rehabilitation - "Women's Specialist Corps" created to commission female OTs, PTs, and dieticians in the Army - Due to vaccine, drug, medical technology, and medical procedures advances, more people were living with disabilities which helped to increase the growth of OT professionals |
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Medicare |
- Created in 1965 - Aimed at individuals who are 65 (+) years-old, and persons with disabilities |
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Rehab Act of 1973 |
- Emphasized priority tx for persons with the most severe disabilities - Mandated that state agencies establish an order of selection that would place the most severely disabled person 1st for service - Development of set standards by which the impact of rehab services could be assessed - Emphasized the need for rehab research - Equal opportunities for persons with disabilities |
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Education For All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 |
- Children have the right to free and appropriate education - Includes OT as a related service - Requires written Individualized Education Plan (IEP) for each student - Renamed "Individuals With Disabilities Education Act" (IDEA) in 1991 - IDEA adds that education must take place in the least restrictive environment and mandates that local schools are responsible for providing assistive technology devices and related services as appropriate |
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Handicapped Infants & Toddlers Act |
- 1986, passed as an amendment to theEducation for All Handicapped Children Act - Includes children from 3 - 5 yo - Initiates new early intervention programs for children ages 0 - 3 yo |
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Technology Related Assistance For Individuals With Disabilities Act of 1988 |
- Addresses the availability of assistive technology devices and services to individuals with disabilities |
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Prospective Payment System (PPS) |
- Linked with Medicare - Level of payment is set by descriptive categories according to an individual's dx (DRGs) - Fixed payment for Diagnostic Resource Groups (DRGs) |
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Gary Kielhofner |
- Developed the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) - Contributed greatly to OT research |
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Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) |
- Provides civil rights to pts. with disabilities |
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Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) |
- Purpose is to reduce Medicare spending - Creates incentives for the development of managed care plans - Encourages enrollment in managed care plans - Limits fee-for-service payments and programs - Under Medicare B Outpatient Rehab Benefits, there is an annual $1,500 cap for each person receiving OT services |
