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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In early civilization, what was the major concern? What threatened survival? |
Survival of Group illness & injury |
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what was believed to cause illness in early civilization? |
evil spirits |
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what did the Babylonian Empire focus on? |
Astrology! Special diets massage therapy rest to drive evil spirits out of body |
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who is the father of medicine? What were the beliefs of the Greek era? What is the ethical standards of physicians? |
Hippocrates focused on natural law instead of appeasing the gods. Hippocratic Oath |
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Roman Empire... |
developed policy, law, & protection of public health developed good health practices |
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Examples of roman empire developments... |
clean water via aqueducts spas and baths more advanced sewage disposal *Developed mobile war nursing unit! Field hospitals on battlefields. |
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what happened during the protestant reformation? |
England, germany, netherlands broke away from Catholic Church Health Care worse than the dark ages Role of women reduced under protestant leadership DAUGHTERS OF CHARITY ESTABLISHED 1600 |
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when did nursing emerge as a recognizable form? |
The Renaissance! 1350 |
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What was significant about the Renaissance? |
Intellectual Reawakening Microscope, thermometer invented |
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Jenner |
smallpox vaccine |
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Pasteur |
Pasteurization |
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Lister |
antiseptic surgery |
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Koch |
father of microbiology |
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significance of modern nursing (INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION) |
machines invented, created new ways of doing things. factories, mass production people moved into cities, INFECTIOUS DISEASES became greater problem |
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Florence Nightingale (1) |
1820-1910 founder of modern nursing dedicated her life to improving health care for nursing standards educated for 3 mo. in germany in church-run hospital. |
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Florence Nightingale (2) what did she plan to do? etc. |
1854 planned to open nursing school in England. -changed when Cholera epidemic broke out. |
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Crimean War started... |
Florence Nightingale got permission to take 38 volunteers to the area -initially her efforts were refused by military |
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significance of Florence Nightingale after 6 months of war... |
cleaning, bandaging wounds, cleaning wards etc. ***mortality rate dropped from 42% to 2%*** |
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Ultimately, Florence Nightingale... What was she significantly recognized for? |
supervised 125 nurses in several hospitals during war Kind Edward VII awarded her the Order of Merit-highest award given to civilians. |
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when did Florence N. open her own nursing school? what did she advocate? |
1860! -Health Maintenance! -concept that nursing was and art & science -each person should be treated as an individual -meets the needs of patients, not the physicians |
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Nightingale Training School For Nurses! |
Advocated at least 1 year of study. nursing school should be run by nurses *strong opposition by physicians-felt nurses were over-trained. |
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What were the characteristics of a nurse in 1985? |
strong, supple women- play tennis, row, skate... paid $2-3 a week, should have soft voice, honest and trustworthy. |
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significance of Mary Seacole |
-Jamaican Healers or doctress -offered her services to Florence Nightingale -worked voluntarily *Recognized as significant minority nurse!!! |
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The origins of American nursing: |
American Civil War 1861-1873 no professional nurses were available to serve so women volunteered to respond to needs of sick and wounded. *Leaders emerged: Dorothea Dix: Union Superintendent of Women Nurses, champion for mental health! |
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Clara Barton |
teacher, not a nurse worked with Geneva Convention sot that the Red Cross could operate in peace-time! *Founder of American Red Cross, Red cross nursing services, and the Army Nurse Corps! |
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what prompted the move towards formal education of nurses? |
the Civil War |
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what 3 American schools were modeled after Nightingales school and opened in 1873? |
-Bellevue training school for Nurses (NYC)
-Connecticut Training school for Nurses (New Haven) -Boston training school for nurses at Massachusetts General Hospital |
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The feminization of nursing- requirements? |
based on victorian stereotypes of female qualities: "good breeding", "lady-like behavior", submission to authority, sensitive, intelligent |
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who was Mary Elizabeth Mahoney |
1st african american trained nurse in US broke the minority barrier changed the face of nursing |
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who was Lillian Wald? |
-wealthy woman with social conscience -sent on home visit and it changed her life & created community health nursing -founded Henry Street Settlement with Mary Brewster **Devoted her life to public health & a better world. |
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Sometimes nurses worked in less than ideal circumstances and sometimes dangerous conditions |
Henry Street Settlement- (Lillian Wald) |
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what were the discrimination's in early training? |
against male, african american, and jewish applicants. **First school exclusively for men (School for Male nurses at the NYC training school 1986) |
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what generated professionalization and standardization for nurses? |
Instituting nursing licensure! |
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-what happened in 1903? -1923? -1950? |
Four states created permissive licensure (ESTABLISHED "TITLE PROTECTION" FOR NURSES All states require examinations for "title protection" NLN administered first nation-wide State Board Test Pool Exam |
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how does the great depression and WWII effect nursing? |
-student nurses were used to staff hospitals, -high unemployment of private duty nurses(hired at hospitals for low wage) -social Security Act- provide federal assistance to elderly, poor, & fatherless |
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What was significant about the "Decades of Change"? |
(1945-1960) New technology & drugs Hill Burton Act Journal of Nursing Research 1st published ANA accepted black nurses for memebership Males entered in record #'s |
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Significant during 1961-1985 |
Specialization in Nursing- psychiatric nursing, Intensive care nursing... Medicaid & Medicare Nurse expand roles during Vietnam War |
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significant of 1965 (Loretta Ford & Henry Silver) |
First Nurse Practitioner program in U.S. by Loretta Lord & Henry Silver |
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Significance of The New Century |
-Institute of Medicine (IOM) Reports -The future of the public's health in the 21st century. -Who will keep the public healthy?? |
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National Trends... |
-Aging of America -Cultural Diversity -professional diversity for nurses -technological developments -the Nursing shortage |
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"The Lamp" symbolizes?
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Pushing back darkness!!!! -symbol of goodness, purity & wisdom -learning, continual seek of knowledge -Florence Nightingale's lamp at night became sign of caring, comfort |
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"The Cap" symbolizes? |
Each school cap is unique |
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"The Pin" symbolizes? |
each school pin is unique |
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List all of the features of the UTMB SON Pin |
-Disciplina -Praesidium -Civitatis -State Seal Emblem -Single 5-point star -Oak leaves representing strength -Olive leaves representing peace |
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what do these mean? -Disciplina? -Praesidium? -Civitatis? |
Education To guard and protect the State |
