The Great Depression And New Deal

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GREAT DEPRESSION AND NEW DEAL

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Largest and most significant economic depression to affect not only America but also the world. President Roosevelt created numerous policies and programs to combat the Depression (New Deal).

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GREAT DEPRESSION

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Stock Market crash led to the collapse of banks which in turn crippled the supply of credit.

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BLACK TUESDAY

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October 29, 1929 was the day the New York Stock Exchange crashed. Marked the beginning of the Great Depression.

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DUST BOWL

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Lasted about a decade; its primary area of impact was on the Southern Plains. Marked by drought, windblown dust, and agricultural decline.

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GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT

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Total dollar value of all final goods and services produced for consumption in society during a particular time.

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HERBERT HOOVER

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President during the Great Depression; tried to enact several policies to alleviate the problems but Congress rejected most of them.

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FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT

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Assumed presidency during the Great Depression enacted the New Deal and other policies to help strengthen the economy. President for three terms. Advocated public services.

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20TH AMENDMENT

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Reduced the amount of time between Election Day and the beginning of Presidential, Vice Presidential, and Congressional terms. Advanced the dates for the President's inauguration to January 20.

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NEW DEAL

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Term used for the domestic reform program of the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The New Deal attempted to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression.

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FRANCES PERKINS

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Appointed Secretary of Labor by President Roosevelt; first woman to hold a cabinet office. Played a key role in writing New Deal Legislation.

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FIRESIDE CHATS

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A series of evening radio speeches given by President Roosevelt in order to communicate to the American public the issues facing the nation.

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FDIC

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An independent agency created by the U.S. Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the banking system.

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PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION

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Designed to reduce unemployment and increase purchasing power through the construction of highways and public buildings.

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CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS

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Program designed to tackle the problem of unemployed young men aged between 18 and 25 years.

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SCHECHTER V. U.S.

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Supreme Court decision that invalidated regulation of the poultry industry.

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SECURITIES EXCHANGE COMMISSION

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A federal agency which holds primary responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the securities industries.

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SECOND NEW DEAL

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Term that categorizes the second phase of the New Deal. Focused on getting jobs for the unemployed.

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WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION

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A relief measure established in 1935, it offered work to the unemployed on an unprecedented scale by spending money on a wide variety of programs.

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WAGNER ACT 1935

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Gave employees the right to self-organize, to form, join, or assist labor organizations.

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SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 1935

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Established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance etc.

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HUEY LONG

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Governor of Louisiana; a radical populist who sponsored many reforms that endeared him to the rural poor.

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JOHN L. LEWIS

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An American leader of organized labor who served as president of the United Mine Workers of America.