The Essence Of Anthropology Ch. 15

Front 1

power

Back 1

the ability of individuals or groups to impose their will upon others and make them do things emen against their own wants or wishes

Front 2

political orgainization

Back 2

the way power is distributed and embedded in society; the means through which a society creates and maintains social order and reduces soceal disorder

Front 3

band

Back 3

a relatively small and loosely organized kin-ordered gropu that inhabits a specific territory and that may split periodically into smaller extended family groups that are politically independent

Front 4

tribe

Back 4

in anthropology, refers to a range of kin-ordered groups that are politically integrated by some unifying factor and whose members share a common ancestry, identity, culture, language and territory

Front 5

chiefdom

Back 5

a regionalpolity in which two or more local groups are organized under a single chief, who is at the head of a ranked hierarchy of people

Front 6

state

Back 6

in anthroplopgy, a centralized political system that has the capacity and authority to make laws and use force to maintain social order

Front 7

nation

Back 7

a people who share a collective identity based on a common culture, language, territorial base and history.

Front 8

legitimacy

Back 8

the right of political leaders to govern- to hold, use, and allocate power- based on the values a particualar society holds

Front 9

cultural control

Back 9

control through beliefs and values deeply internalized in the minds of individuals

Front 10

social control

Back 10

external control through open coercion

Front 11

sanctions

Back 11

externalized social controls designed to encourage conformity to social norms

Front 12

law

Back 12

formal rules of conduct that, when violated, lead to negative sanctions

Front 13

negotiation

Back 13

the use of direct argument and compromise by the parties to a dispte to arrive voluntarily at ta mutually satisfactory agreement

Front 14

mediation

Back 14

settlement of a dispute through negotiation assisted by an unbiased third party

Front 15

adjudication

Back 15

mediation with an unbiased third party making the ultimate decision