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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articles Of Confederation |
1)First gov't of the united states 2)weak , difficult to amend |
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Constitutional Convention |
1787 in Philadelphia |
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Unalienable Rights |
1)cannot be taken away 2)life, liberty,property |
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Natural Rights |
protected individual rights |
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Limited Government |
the government has only as much power as the people give it - rule of law |
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Federalism |
system of government where power is divided between a central/national government and the state governments |
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Judicial Review |
1)power of the supreme court to declare a law of congress or act of the president "unconstitutional" 2)established by Marbury v. Madison |
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Separation Of Power |
1)idea that the executive , legislative , & judicial powers should be carried out by different people 2)prevent the misuse of power |
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Check & Balances |
way the three branches keep each other in line |
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Popular Sovereignty |
the government receives its power from the people |
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The Constitution |
3 parts; Preamble,Articles,Amendements |
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Habeas Corpus |
1)the right to be imprisoned only being told the just cause and reason 2)protects against unlawful detention |
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Ex Post Facto |
a law which punishes someone for a crime after the crime when it was not illegal at the time unconstitutional |
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Bill Of Attainder |
punishment for a crime without a trial to prove guilt-unconstitutional |
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Due Process Clause |
standard set of procedures must be followed before any action is taken to punish persons accused of breaking the law |
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"Equal Protection" Clause |
no person can be treated unfairly or unreasonable under law |
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Constitutional Democracy |
citizens think critically about public issues and participate in public affairs |
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US Census |
counting of people every 10 years (years ending in zero) |
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"Supremacy Clause" |
¨the supreme law of the land¨ is constitution, federal laws,and treaties |
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Preamble |
1)first part of constitution; 2)states the purpose of the constitution |
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Legislative Branch |
1) law making branch; 2)congress; the house of respresentative and the senate 3)sole power to declare war |
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us respresentative |
1)respresentative based on poplulation 2)il has nineteen 3)currently 435 member 4)25 years old , us citizen 7 years , resident of state 5)two year term |
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Proportional Representation |
1)representation based on population 2) favored by larger states |
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Legislative Branch Checks |
Approve appointment of judge 2)override vetos |
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Speaker (of the house) |
leader of the house of representatives |
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Senate |
1) 2 from each state (equal representation); 2) currently 100 members ; 3) 30 years old US Citizen 9 years, resident of State 4) 6 year term |
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Quorum
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number of people needed to do business
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Simple Majority (half + 1) Vote
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1) Congress to declare war; 2) Senate approve a Supreme Court Justice; 3) Congress pass immigration law; 4) Senate ratify treaty; 5) Electoral College to select a president
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bill to law
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1) revenue (tax) bills must begin in the House; 2) must pass in both houses in identical form
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3/5 Compromise
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1) every five slaves is counted as 3 people; 2) for purposes of representation and taxation
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Impeachment
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1) to be charged with a crime (indictment); 2) charged by House of Representatives; 3) trial in the Senate
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Enumerated Powers
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specific powers held only by national gov't
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"Elastic Clause"
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1) give Congress greater power than given in Constitution; 2) allows gov't to meet changing needs without amendment
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Concurrent Powers
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powers held by both the States and Congress
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"necessary and proper" clause
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Allowed Congress to make laws not specifically found in the Constitution
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Special Session of Congress
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called by President
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Executive Branch
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Enforces, or carries out, the laws
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President
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1) chief executive officer; 2) 35 years old, natural born citizen, resident of US 14 years
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Electoral Votes
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# Representatives + # Senators = # votes per state
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Cabinet
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President's official advisors
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Vice President
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1) president-in-waiting; 2) in charge of the Senate
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veto
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1) President rejects bill passed by Congress; 2) Executive check on Legislature
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Executive Branch checks
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1) president appoints judges; 2) veto bills
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