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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Erosion |
Erosion is a process of wearing away and breaking down rocks. There are four main types of coastal erosion: abrasion, attrition, solution and hydraulic action.
Abrasion- Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces like sandpaper.
Attrition- Waves smash rocks and pebbles on the shore into each other and they breakdown and become smoother
Solution- Acid in the sea water will dissolve rocks such as chalk and limestone
Hydraulic action- air from the sea will trap into cracks of the cliff and increase the air pressure causing the rock to weaken and erode. |
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Transportation |
Waves can approach the coast at an angle because of the direction of the prevailing wind. The swash of the waves carries material up the beach at an angle. The backwash then flows back to the sea in a straight line at 90°. This movement of material is called transportation.
Continual swash and backwash transports material sideways along the coast. This movement of material is called longshore drift and occurs in a zigzag. |
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Deposition |
When the sea loses energy, it drops the sand, rock particles and pebbles it has been carrying. This is called deposition. Deposition happens when the swash is stronger than the backwash and is associated with constructive waves.
Deposition is likely to occur when: waves enter an area of shallow water. waves enter a sheltered area, eg a cove or bay. there is little wind. there is a good supply of material.
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Coastal Management |
Hard engineering- solid structure which resists the force of erosion
Soft engineering- more environmentally friendly: socially, environmentally and economically.
Holistics- everybody is allowed their own views before making a decision. |
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Coastal Conflict |
Residents, tourists, covservation, government, local authorities and agencies all have interests in how to manage the coast. |
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Coastal Conflict |
Residents, tourists, covservation, government, local authorities and agencies all have interests in how to manage the coast. |
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Christchurch and North Norfolk Coastline |
H- hold the line A- R- retreat the line D- do nothing to the line
The largest towns are protected
Beach replenishment, groynes and sea walls were manageable to protect the coast |
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Coastal Conflict |
Residents, tourists, covservation, government, local authorities and agencies all have interests in how to manage the coast. |
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Christchurch and North Norfolk Coastline |
H- hold the line A- R- retreat the line D- do nothing to the line
The largest towns are protected
Beach replenishment, groynes and sea walls were manageable to protect the coast |
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Weathering |
Physical- the rocks become weak and pressured when the weather is -0
Chemical- Acid rain and limestone react with each other which dissolves rocks.
Biological- weaken of the rocks
Sub-aerial- weathering |
