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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Boethius |
Revered authority on music in middle ages wrote de institutione musica |
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3 divisions of music in de institutione musica |
Musica mundane: music of the universe (numerical relations in cosmos) musica humana: human music (harmonizes body/soul/parts) musica instrumentalis:instrumental music (actual music made with voices/instruments) |
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Guido d'Arezzo |
11th century monk suggested the first staff notation and came up with solmization (solfege) to help with sightsinging |
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Abbey of Solesmes |
designed a system of chant notation for the church used F and C clefs used neumes |
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Martianus Capella |
seven liberal arts: grammar dialect rhetoric (trivium) geometry arithmatic astronomy harmonics (quadirivium) |
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Charlemagne |
Holy Roman emperor (800s) used gregorian chant to unite people through language and cultural barriers |
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Constantine I |
Came to christianity through his mother, issued Edict of Milan |
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Edict of Milan |
legalized Christianity, allowed the church to own property |
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Gregory I |
According to legend heard doves that sang him chant, where Gregorian chant comes from |
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Pius X |
pope that declared the Solesmes chant books the official version |
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St. Paul |
Helped spread christianity and told Christians to sing songs and psalms |
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Chant dialects |
different regional repertoires of chants
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Ambrosian Chant |
Songs from milan (2nd most important place for church), still around today |
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Byzantine chant |
Melodies split into 8 modes or echoi mainly hymns 200-300 CE |
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Gregorian chant |
Codified chant liturgy and music under roman leadership Unified people with diverse worshipping backgrounds
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Roman chant |
Old chant Basically just fancier than Gregorian chant more notes
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Modes |
Differentiated by placement of whole steps and half steps in relation to the tone each associated with a different mood |
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Authentic modes |
odd numbered modes range: step below final to 8ve above
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Final |
Main note in mode last note in chant pairs of mode for each note (DEFG) |
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Plagal modes |
Paired with authentic mode that shares its final Starts lower (5th/6th below final) |
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Range |
Range of intervals around the final used in any mode |
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Reciting tone |
2nd most characteristic note, besides final Used in melody 5th above final in authentic modes 3rd below reciting tone of authentic modes for plagal modes |
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notation |
a way to write down music |
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Heightened Neume |
Neumes placed at different heights to indicate the intervals between notes, etc. |
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Cantillation |
Chanting of sacred texts |
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chant |
Repertory of unison song with with melodies for the prescribed texts in church |
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Church calendar |
a schedule that keeps track of all the special days/feast days of the churchq |
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Hexachords |
six note range, ut-la, half step between mi-fa, going beyond that range required switching hexachords |
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Liturgy |
a body of text and ritual actions assigned to each service |
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psalms |
poems of praise from the Hebrew book of psalms |
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Rite |
System of religious ritual that included a calendar, liturgy and chant |
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Solmization |
Solfege six note set of syllables that correspond to the whole and half steps between C-A used to help when sightsinging Introduced by Guido
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Mozarabic chant |
based on notation spain very elaborate |
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Old roman chant |
same area as gregorian have manuscripts but they're from after it was common more elaborate than gregorian |
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8 Church modes |
dorian hypodorian phyrigian hypophrygian lydian hypolydian mixolydian hypomixolydian
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Solesmes chant notation |
4 line staff every note group is called neume every neume correlates to one syllable of text |
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Guidonian notation |
995-1033 use of addition of lines colored ink called for a clef uses hand to teach solmization
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Solmization |
came from first pitch of each phrase of a chant |
