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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plasma Cell Membrane
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Contains receptors for communication; forms intercellular connections; acts as physical barrier to enclose cell contents; regulates material into and out of the cell
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Cytoplasm
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Site of metabolic processes of the cell; stores nutrients and dissolved solutes
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Cytosol
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Provides support for organelles; serves as viscous medium through which diffusion occurs
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Organelles
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Carry out specific metabolic activities of the cell
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Rough ER
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Synthesizes proteins for secretion, new proteins for the cell membrane, and lysosomal enzymes; transports and stores molecules
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Smooth ER
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Synthesizes lipids (steroids, fatty acids, and phosolipids); metabolizes carbohydrates; detoxifies drugs, alcohol
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Golgi apparatus
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Modifies, packages, and sorts newly synthesized proteins for secretion, inclusion in new plasma membrane, or as enzymes in new lysosomes
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Lysosomes
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Digest materials or microbes ingested by cell; remove old/damaged organelles; self-destruct (autolysis)
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Peroxisomes
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Converts hydrogen peroxide formed during metabolism to water
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Mitochondria
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Synthesize most ATP during cellular respiration; "powerhouse of cell"
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Ribosomes
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Synthesize proteins for:
1) use in the cell (free ribosomes) 2) secretion, incorporation into plasma membrane, or as enzymes in lysosomes (fixed ribosomes) |
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Cytoskeleton
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Provides structural support; facilitates cytoplasmic streaming, organelle and cellular motility, transport of materials, and chromosomal movement and cell division
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Microfilaments
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Maintain cell shape; aid in muscle contraction and intracellular movement; separate dividing cells
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Intermediate filaments
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Provide structural support; stabilize cell junctions
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Microtubules
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Support cell; hold organelles in place; maintain cell shape and rigidity; direct organelle movement within cell and cell motility as cilia and flagella; move chromosomes at cell division
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Centrosome
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organizes microtubules; participates in spindle formation during cell division
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Centrioles
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Organize microtubules during cell division for movement of chromosomes
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Cilia
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Move fluid, mucus, and dissolved materials over some exposed cell surfaces
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Flagellum
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Propels sperm cells in human male
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Microvilli
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Increase membrane surface area for increased absorption and/or secretion
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Inclusions
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Store materials
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Nucleus
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Acts as cell control center; controls all genetic information (DNA); site of ribosome subunit assembly
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Nuclear envelope
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Pores in envelope regulate exchange of materials with the cytoplasm
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Nuclear pores
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Allow for passage of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm
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Nucleolus
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Synthesizes RNA and assembles ribosomes in the nucleus
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Chromatin and chromosomes
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Genetic material to control cell function
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