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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the only liquid tissue in the body
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Blood
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The Cardiovascular System is comprised of what three things
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Blood (Fluid Component)
Heart (Pump) Blood Vessels (series of conducting pipes) |
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Blood is what kind of tissue
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Connective in which living cells are suspended in non living fluid matrix
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What is present when clotting of the blood occurs
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Fibrin strands (which are fibrous proteins)
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What are the functions of the Blood
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(1) Transportation of dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones and metabolic wastes
(2) The regulation of PH (3) The restriction of fluid loss at injury sites (clotting) (4) Defense against toxins and pathogens (5) The stabilization of body temperature |
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What is Normal Volume of Blood for Female and Male
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Female: 4-5 liters
Male: 5-6 liters |
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What is Hypovolumec and the consequences of being hypovolumec.
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Blood that is lower than it should be. Low Blood Pressure and your blood is thinner than it should be
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What is Hypervolumec and the consequences of being hypervolumec
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Having too much blood. BP is higher than it should be and blood is thicker than it should be.
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What is pH average
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7.4
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What is the normal range
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7.35 to 7.45
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What is term for high and low Ph
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too high --- Alkilosis
too low --- acidosis |
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Name the methods for blood collection and brief description of each
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Venipuncture - Collection from veins (median cubital on the anterior surface of the elbow
Arterial Puncture or arterial stick -- (radial artery at the wrist or brachial artery at the elbow) Puncturing -- drawing from peripheral capillaries -tip of finger -lobe of ear (mostly infants) -the great toe or heel (infants) |
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How do you separate blood components
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By spinning in a centrifuge
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Why does your blood separate
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Will separate due to different densities
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Plasma + Formed Elements =
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Whole Blood
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Which is more dense, Plasma or red blood cells?
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Red Blood cells is more dense (will appear on bottom)
Plasma will appear on top |
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Hematocrit =
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Packed Red Blood Cells reported as PCV or VPRC
Packed cell volume or Volume of packed red cells |
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What is the difference between plasma and serum
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Plasma is straw colored liquid portion of blood and serum is the same as plasma except without the clotting proteins
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What are the clotting proteins called
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fibrinogen
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What are the functions of plasma
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1)Transports nutrients and gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
2) Regulates fluid and electrolyte balance 3) Maintains pH |
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What is a solvent and what is the "universal Solvent"?
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Solvent is a substance that dissolves. Water is the universal solvent --- it will dissolve everything.
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What are the compontents of Plasma
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90% Water and the other is dissolved solutes.
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What are the dissolved solutes
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Proteins, Nutrients, Waste Materials, Gases and Electrolytes.
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Where are Proteins primarily produced
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Liver
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What are the proteins that make up the dissolved solutes in Plasma
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Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen and Misc. Others
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What does Albumin do
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exerts osmotic pressure to maintain water balance between blood and tissues
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What is osmosis
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The diffusion of water movement over molecules from one area to another
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What are the purpose of the two globulins
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Antibodies or immunoglobulins -- attack forein proteins and pathogens
transport globulins bind small ions hormones or compounds that might otherwise be lost at the kidneys. |
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What does fibrinogen do
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functions in blood clotting
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What comprise the nutrients of the dissolved solutes
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glucose, amino acids and fatty acids
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What comprise the waste materials of the solutes
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lactic acid, urea, uric acid, creatnine and ammonium salts
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where do you find urea
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In the Liver
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what is the importance of creatinine
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It is a bank for energy (it stores it)
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What comprises the gases of the solutes
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Oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
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Electrolytes contain what?
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cations (+) and anions (-)
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What causes the positive in cations
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The have lost an electron
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What cases the negative in anions
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They have gained an electron
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What is 78% of air
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Nitrogen
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How do we get nitrogen
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by eating Proteins
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What are the Formed Elements
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RBC, WBC and Platelets
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What is the Formation of Formed Elements of Embryo
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(1) Embryonic sac - primary site of blood formation for the 1st 8 weeks
(2) Liver and Spleen from the 2nd through the 5th month of development (3) Red bone marrow or myeloid tissue after the 5th month. |
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What is blood cell formation and differentiation
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Hemopoiesis or hematopoiesis
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What is Red Blood cell production
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erythropoiesis
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What is White Blood Cell
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leukopoiesis
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What is platelet production
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thrombocytopoiesis
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What is considered to be the precursor cells or mother cells of all formed elements
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Hemocytoblasts or PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS
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What happens to the nucleus in the Pluripotent stem cells?
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Nucleus gets smaller
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What hormone stimulates the formation of RBC
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erythropoietin
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What his the stimulating factor for WBC
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CSF or Colony Stimulating Factor
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What is the CSF produced by?
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active lymphocytes
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What stimulates Platelet formation and where is it produced
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Thrombopoietin and it is produced in the kidney
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What shape is the erythrocytes
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Binconcave discs
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What is the major factor contributing to blood viscosity?
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Red Blood Cells
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What are the three important effects of the Erythrocytes
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(1) It gives RBC relatively large surface are which allows faster exchange between cell and plasma
(2) It enables RBCs to form stacks....smooth flow through narrow blood vessels (3) It enables the RBC to bend and flex -- able to enter small capillaries |
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What is the term used for the RBC to form stacks
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Rooleaux
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Is Erthyrocytes considered anerobic or aerobic respiration
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anaerobic
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What is the Spleen considered in reference to red blood cells
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"red blood cell graveyard
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