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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Human Skeleton
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206 named bones
Most are paired Infants and children have more than 206 bones |
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The axial skeleton System
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lie around the longitudinal axis of human body; skull (cranium, face), auditory ossicles, hyoid, ribs, sternum, vertebral column
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The appendicular skeleton System
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upper and lower limbs (extremities), bones that connect them to axial skeleton
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Bone Surface Markings
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There are two major types of surface markings:
Depressions and openings: allow the passage of blood vessels and nerves or form joints Processes: projections or outgrowths that form joints or serve as attachment points for ligaments and tendons |
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Skull
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Consists of 22 bones
Cranial bones: form the cranial cavity which encloses and protects brain Facial bones: form the face |
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Cranial Bones (Anterior View)
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8 bones
Frontal bone Two parietal bones Two temporal bones Occipital bone Sphenoid bone Ethmoid bone |
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Coronal suture:
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articulation between parietal bones and frontal bone anteriorly
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Sagittal suture:
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where right and left parietal bones meet superiorly
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Lambdoid suture:
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where parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly
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Squamosal or squamous suture:
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where parietal and temporal bones meet
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Lateral View of Cranial Bones
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Add Pic
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Frontal Bone
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Forms the forehead and roofs of orbits (eye sockets), most of the anterior part of cranial floor
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Frontal Bone
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Supraorbital Margin
Supraorbital foramen (notch) |
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Parietal Bones
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Form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull
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Temporal Bone, Lateral View
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See pic
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Temporal Bone, Medial View
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See Pic
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Temporal Bone, Inferior View
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See Pic
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Temporal Bone, Superior View
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See pic
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Temporal Bone
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See pic
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Occipital Bone, Inferior View
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See pic
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Occipital Bone, Superior View
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See pic
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Sphenoid Bone
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Butterfly-shaped bone that articulates with all other cranial bones
Consists of a central body, greater wings, lesser wings, and pterygoid processes |
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Sphenoid Bone, Superior View
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See pic
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Sphenoid Bone, Medial View
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See pic
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Sphenoid Bone, Inferior View
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See pic
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Sphenoid Bone, Posterior View
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See pic
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Ethmoid Bone
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See pic
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Ethmoid Bone
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See pic
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Ethmoid Bone
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See pic
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Facial Bones
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Nasal Bones
Maxillae Zygomatic bones Lacrimal bones Palatine bones Inferior nasal conchae Vomer Mandible |
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Nasal Bones, Maxilla, Lacrimal Bones
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See pic
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Maxilla, Palatine Bones
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See pic
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Maxilla, Palatine Bones
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See pic
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A Closer Look at Hard Palate
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See pic
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Zygomatic Bones
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See pic
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Mandible
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See pic
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Mandible
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See pic
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Orbits
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See pic
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Hyoid Bone
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It does not articulate with any other bone
Supports the tongue, providing attachment sites for some tongue muscles and for muscles of the neck and pharynx The hyoid bone also helps to keep the larynx (voice box) open at all times |
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Vertebral Column (Spine, Backbone, Spinal Column)
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Protect the spinal cord
Support the head Serve as a point of attachment for the ribs, pelvic girdle, and muscles |
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Vertebral Column
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Is curved to varying degrees in different locations
Curves increase the column strength Help maintain balance in the upright position Absorb shocks during walking, and help protect the vertebrae from fracture |
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Vertebral Column
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Composed of a series of bones called vertebrae (Adult=26)
7 cervical are in the neck region 12 thoracic are posterior to the thoracic cavity 5 lumbar support the lower back 1 sacrum consists of five fused sacral vertebrae 1 coccyx consists of four fused coccygeal vertebrae |
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Vertebrae
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Vertebrae typically consist of:
A Body (weight bearing) A vertebral arch (surrounds the spinal cord) Several processes (points of attachment for muscles) |
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Vertebral Column
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See Pic
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Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7)
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The atlas (C1) is the first cervical vertebra
The axis (C2) is the second cervical vertebra |
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Thoracic & Lumbar Vertebrae
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See Pic
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Sacrum & Coccyx
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See Pic
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Thorax
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Thoracic cage is formed by the: Sternum, Ribs, Costal cartilages, Thoracic vertebrae
Functions : Enclose and protect the organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities Provide support for the bones of the upper limbs Play a role in breathing |
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Sternum
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See Pic
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Ribs
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Twelve pairs of ribs give structural support to the sides of the thoracic cavity
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Ribs
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See Pic
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