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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Peripheral nervous system consists of two divisions |
Somatic and autonomic nervous system |
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What is afferent |
Carries information to the central nervous system. (Sensory) |
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What is efferent |
Carries information from central nervous system to other body parts (motor) |
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Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves are ? |
Efferent and have opposite effects |
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In the sympathetic region where do neurons originate ? |
In the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord |
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Where do neurons originate in the parasympathetic region? |
In the cervical and sacral religions of the spinal cord |
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Neuroanatomical directions: Back |
Dorsal |
Dos |
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Front |
Anterior |
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Underside |
Ventral or inferior |
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Medial |
Towards the middle |
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Lateral |
Towards the side |
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Proximal |
Close |
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Distal |
Far |
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What are the three meninges in the central nervous system? |
Dura mater, arachnoid membrane, and pia mater |
Singer that sings "do it again" |
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What is the dura mater? |
Hard mother, flexible but thick and tough, the outermost layer |
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What is the arachnoid membrane? |
Web like appearance, soft middle layer |
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Pia mater |
Pious mother, attached to the brain and spinal cord |
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What do the meninges cover ? |
The brain and the spinal cord |
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What does the cerebrospinal fluid do? |
Serves as a cushion to protect the brain |
Protects what |
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Function of blood-brain barrier |
A mechanism impedes the passage of many toxic substances from the blood into the brain |
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The spinal cord comprises two different areas |
Gray matter and white matter
Gray matter: composed largely of cell bodies and Unmyelinated interneurons. (Inner)
White matter: composed largely of myelinated axons. (Outer) |
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Dorsal |
Afferent and sensory |
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Ventral |
efferent and motor |
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What are the 5 structures of the brain? |
Myelencephalon Metencephalon Mesencephalon Diencephalon Telencephalon |
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What is myelencephalon? |
Medulla. Composed of tracts carrying signals between the rest of the brain and body.
-Reticular formation
-FYIcomplex network of about 100 tiny nuclei hat occupies the central core of the brain stem. |
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What is the metencephalon |
It has pons. Pons is one major division and the other is the cerebellum |
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What is the mesencephalon? |
It has two divisions: tectum and the tegmentum |
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What is tectum? |
Dorsal surface of the midbrain. Visual(superior colliculi) and auditory reflexes (inferior colliculi) |
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What is the tegmentum? |
Division of the mesencephalon ventral to the tectum.
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The tegmentum contains three colorful structures of particular interest to biopsychologists |
Periaqueductal gray Substantia nigra Red nucleus |
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What is the diencephalon composed of |
The thalamus (sensory) and the hypo(below thalamus) thalamus (motivated behavior) such as eating sleeping. |
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What is the telecephalon? |
Largest division of the human brain. Voluntary movement Sensory input Complex cognitive processes such as learning speaking and problem solving |
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The cerebral hemispheres are covered by a layer of tissue called |
Cerebral cortex (often referred to as the gray matter) |
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What is the Limbic system |
Circuit of midline structures that circle the thalamus
Involved in the regulation of motivated behaviours |
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What is the hippocampus? |
Important area of cortex that is not neocortex. Has only 3 major layers. |
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Amygdala |
Plays a role in emotion Structure anterior temporal lobe, just anterior of the hippocampus |
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The fornix |
Major tract of the limbic system |
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Septum |
Midline nucleus located at the anterior top of the comgulate cortex |
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Basal ganglia |
Plays a role in the performance of voluntary motor responses |
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What is the longitudinal fissure |
Separates right and left cerebral hemispheres |
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What are the four lobes of the cortex |
Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital |
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Explain the Frontal lobe |
Primary motor cortex Broca's area (speech production) Prefrontal cortex (personality and emotion) |
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Explain parietal lobe |
Primary somatosensory cortex Language processing Visual spatial processing Association processing |
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Explain temporal lobe |
Primary auditory cortex Language processing (wernicke's area) Visual association cortex |
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Explain occipital lobe |
Primary visual cortex Process many aspects of vision |
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