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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Showboat

idk

Eugene O'Neil

was one of America's most popular actors from the late 1800's until WWI. He became identified with the leading role in Count Of Monte Cristo in 1883.


-Provinvetown Players was founded by O'Neil, Robert Jones, and Kenneth Macgowan --- they performed foreign and period plays along with the noncommercial works of O'Neil & others.


- 1st broadway hit was Beyond the Horizon


-He wrote 25 full length plays. His first on Broadway was Beyond the Horizon. He experimented with many styles and combinations of styles. one of his plays Strange Interlude, was important which verbalized interior thoughts.


-Greates American Play --- A Long Days Journey Into the Night

Maxwell Anderson

experimented with blank verse,

-Important plays include :


-Elizabeth the Queen-poetic play


- Winter Set-poetic


-. What Priced Glory- famous anti war play.

Thornton Wilder

worked with simplified realism.

Famous plays : Our Town , The Skin of Our Teeth both won Pulitzer prizes.


-Skin of Our Teeth was performed during WWII. --other famous plays: The Merchant of Yonkers, later it was renamed as The Matchmaker. Later then turned into a musical called Hello Dollie.

Lillian Hellman(1905-1984)

author of The Children's Hour(1934) concerning teachers whose lives are ruined by a student who maliciously accuses them of being lesbians.


- also wrote Little Foxes(1939)

Jean-Paul Sarte

-Existentialism


- believed human beings are condemned to be free. we choose our own path and behavior, and we must live with the decisions.


-Most famous plays include : The Flies, and No Exit.

Albert Camus

famous existentialist writer. most important play is Caligula

-also important in the defining of absurdism. in an essay he wrote called The Myth of Sisyphus, which set the doctrine of absurdism and the concepts. Sisyphus is a mythological figure that was condemned for eternity to roll a boulder up the mountain for it to roll back down the other side. "the hope of humans and the irrational universe" searching for standards to help us deal with the chaos of the world. part of the mind set of the atomic age.

Samuel Beckett

Realism


-lived in France, although considered english, but wrote in French.


-Characters are trying to survive in a world where some unknown disaster has occurred in the world . characters are representations of social relationships. they usually try to control and torment each other due to their isolation.


-Beckett's most famous play is Waiting for Godot.


-his plays are almost always repetitious. ends where play begins.


-other famous plays include:


-End Game


-Happy Days


-Krap's Last Tape

Eugene Ionesco

Realism


-particularly interested in relationships, characters become unaware of repetitious behavior. a lot of themes dealing with the demeaning nature of materialism.


-famous plays : The Bald Soprano, The Chairs, The New Tenet, Rhino, The Exit of the King

Jean Genet

Realism


-a lot of his plays deal with deviation and rebellion. also thought that existence in the opposite. love,hate.


-also said that we create rituals in life to create a stable or meaningful life.


- famous plays: The Maids, The Balcony, The Blacks, The Screens.

Josef Svoboda

made an international impact in the field of technology and design.


-wasnt able to demonstrate his work until 1950, when socialist realism was no longer the standard mode.


-expirimented with multimedia


famously known for Alfred Radok projects : Polyekran and Laterna Magika, both using a number of screens on which still and moving pictures were projected


- experimented especially with flexible stage, which could change from scene to scene as the needs of the action changed.


- also developed platforms and stepts that could move vertically, horizontally, and laterallly to alter rapidly the spatial relationships and sisze of the acting area

Berliner Ensemble

of all Germany's companies, this was the most famous


- located in east berlin and devoted to mainly performing plays of Brecht.


-Opened in 1949 with Mother Courage

Max Frisch(1911-1991)

was first an arcgutect but turned writer in 1944


- plays include


-The Chinese Wall


-Biederman and the Firebugs


-Andorra


all treat questions of guilt

Peter Weiss(1916-1982)

famous plays include:


-The Persecution and Assassination of Jean Paul Marat as Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum of Charenton Under the Direction of the Marquis de Sade

Augusto Boal

director 1956


early play-- Lean Husband, Boring Wife


important political play-- Revolution in South America

Harold Pinter*******

British, unique playwright with characteristics for his plays.

1) everyday situations gradually take on an air (feeling of mystery or creepy)


2)unexplained unrevealed or ambiguous motivation or background information


3)authentic seeming natural though carefully written dialogue


4)silence is an integral part of language, also uses it as a strategy for characters to corrupt the vulnerability


5)at first everything seems amusing or pleasant , gradually the tone changes to anxiety, fear, stress, as characters confront predicament or seek to defend themselves against unknown danger.


- all elements of all ism's.


-most famous plays: The Dumb waiter, birthday party, caretaker, old times.

Peter Hall

helped found the Royal Shakespeare company, worked a lot with the style of epic theatre and introducing it to England.

Peter Brook

famous director, most famous known for working with Shakespeare company and had a very eclectic style.

Actors Studio

founded in 1947 by Cheryl Crawford, Elia Kazan, and Robert Lewis. Lee Strasberg eventually takes over the group and led it. Very important for development of method acting.

Living Theatre

formed by Judith Malina, and Julian Beck. experimenting with non traditional. During 1950's they came under the influence of both Artaud and Brecht.

'slice of life'

Off Broadway

Broadway had become commercialized, off Broadway was created to spread new ideas. they experimented with new forms and scripts, smaller audience. off broadway strip.

-Circle and the Square-- formed by Jose Quintero and Theodore Mann.


-The Phoenix Theatre was opened later by T. Edward Hambleton.

Off-Off Broadway

as Off Broadway became more commercialized, another group was formed. La Mama experimental theatre club was founded by Ellen Stewart.

Tenessee Williams

characters caught in violent situations, living in the past or longing for a future to rise above current situations. usually characters are forced to abandon the illusions that keep them sane and happy. vulgarity and degradation. the world is an ugly place.

-Most famous plays-- glass menagerie, streetcar named desire, cat on the hot tin roof, night of the iguana.

Arthur Miller

characters often stray because of materialistic values, characters look for ways to ignore their problems, and find meaning for themselves. but characters have freely chosen their paths.

-two plays: death of a salesman, and all my sons. another famous play The Crucible.

Edward Alby

really experimented with Absurdism, along with psychological realism.

-most famous: the american dream, whose afraid of Virginia Wolfe, Delicate Balance, seascape,

The Taganka

The Moscow Theatre of Drama and Comedy, headed in 1964 by Yuri Lyubimow


-made liberal use of dynamic movement, dance, mime, masks, puppets, and projections, and reshaped scripts or adapted novels from a critical perspective.

Jerzy Grotowski

founded the theatre of 13 rows in opole in 1959 which became the Polish Laboratory Theatre

Tadeusz Kantor

best known polish director, founded his own company Cricot 2 in 1955. absurdist drama


famous productions-- Thea Dead Class


Wielopole, Wielopole, and I Shall Never Return

Peter Handke

1966 wrote "speech plays" in which he abandoned plot, character, and enviroment.


- Offending the Audience, four unnamed and undifferentiated speakers make, attack, and reformulate statements about theatre going and theatrical illusion

Dario Fo

- Mistero Buffo- play combines elements from medieval religious, drama, mime, and contemporary life


- other famous plays:


-We're All in the Same Boat


-But that man over there, isnt he boss

Ariane Mnouchkine

founded the Theatre du Soleil in 1964


famous productions: The Kitchen , The Clowns

Edward Bond

wrote immoral plays

Caryl Churchill

famous play -top girls

- post modernism playwright, emphasized race, gender, equality. gender specific


-- another famous play Cloud Nine. (Victoria era) Cloud Nine is specifically written for women roles played by men, & vis versa. explores how things have and haven't changed

Stephen Sondheim

very conceptually driven plays, looks ironically at human behavior and social values through his musicals. Company & Sweeney Todd, Sunday in the Park with George, Into the Woods.

Peter Schumann

The Bread & Puppet Theatre-- Peter Schumann founded the theatre 1961, used puppets and all kinds of subject matter, myth, biblical

Luis Valdez

El Teatro Campesino-- group founded by Luis Valdez in the 1960's which started a grape strike. he formed the group to help educated people about the strike, today his works are more about the Mexican experience

Guerilla Theatre

is unscheduled brief attention getting theatre. usually to arouse interest of a social issue.

Open Theatre

formed by Peter Feldman and Joseph Chaikin -- very inspired by Grotowski's poor theatre, minimal tech, focused on human issues and breaking down the barrier between the audience, improvising while in performance.

Joseph Chaikin

founded open theatre in 1963


showed it work publicly only at irregular intervals, exploiting aspects of theatre that distinguish it from film- direct human contact

Sam Shepard

usually about characters denying or trying to escape their past, usually family is seen as a source of conflict, family usually is a major force trying to create false memories of the past.

many of his plays take place in the american west.


Famous plays :


Curse of the Starving Class, Buried Child, and True West.

David Mamet

characters are distorted by materialism and money, searching for power by manipulating others, known for his language- profanity.

-famous plays: American Buffalo, GlenGarry Glen Ross.

Amiri Baraka

LeRoi Jones, founded the Black Arts Repertorie Theatre School in New York


also founded the Spirit House in 1966

August Wilson

famous play -- Ma Rainey's Black Bottom


Fence


The Piano Lesson


african american playwright

Performance Group

1968 Schechner formed his own company


1st production Dionysus reworking Euripides

Wooster Group

played a lot with deconstruction

- Spalding Grey was a famous playwright (for writing monodrama's) to come out of the Wooster Group


-some challenges the deconstruction plays proved:


JoAnne Akalaitis-- famous directorSamuel Beckett sued the Wooster Group for deconstructing his play, the court won in his favor.


- William Defo was also apart of the Group

Richard Schechner

enviromental theatre


1) events may be placed on a contunuum with "pure/arts" at one end and "impure/life" at the other , located enviromental theatre between traditional theatre and hepenings.


2) all the space is used for performance, all space is used for audience


3)event can take place either in a totally transformed space or in a found space


4) focus is flexible and variable


5) all production elements speak their own language


6) a text need be neither the starting point nor the goal of the production

Robert Wilson

who is connected to a modern movement called theatre of images.

-His performances incorporate multi media, putting together different elements of different media cultures and historical.


-his shows explore a theme or concept, and expand upon the concept through striking images. Some of the performances were very long, one lasted for 7 days.

JoAnne Akalaitis

important modern director

Anna Deveare Smith

mono text/solo drama


twilight LA, fire in the mirror,


--- takes real people and makes comments and takes multiple view points, not everyone sees it the same way. race is a issue raised, she is african american. but takes issues and gives a performance on the topic.

Julie Taymor

The Lion King

Anne Bogart

controversial director, "play with in the play"


famous play: South Pacific

Richard Foreman

wrote Ontological-Hysteria plays


Maria del Besco