Textiles Theodore Frank Koe Chapter 2

Front 1

ASTM

Back 1

American society for testing materials; A nonprofit organization that develops and establishes test methods for materials, products, systems, and services.

Front 2

BAST

Back 2

Woody material such as flax, hemp, jute, or ramie obtained from inner cortex of the bark.

Front 3

BICOMPONENT FIBERS

Back 3

The combining of two polymers of different chemical or physical properties similar compounds into one filament and extruding them through the same spinneret.

Front 4

BOLL

Back 4

The seed pod of the cotton plant. The seeds vary in number and are covered with staple fibers.

Front 5

CABLE

Back 5

A yarn made with a cable twist as in an S/Z/S or Z/S/Z.

Front 6

CHENILLE

Back 6

French for “caterpillar”. A soft tufted cotton, silk, or worsted yarn.

Front 7

CORD

Back 7

The result of twisting together ply yarns in a third twisting process

Front 8

DENIER

Back 8

An international numbering system for describing linear densities of silk and manufactured filament.

Front 9

EPA

Back 9

Environmental protection agency – A government agency responsible for control and abatement of pollution of air and water by solid waste, pesticides, and radioactive and toxic substances.

Front 10

FILAMENT

Back 10

A fiber of extreme or indefinite length. The length permits a yarn to be made with little or no twist.

Front 11

LINERS

Back 11

Lengths of fibrous plant tissue.

Front 12

LOFT

Back 12

The quality of rebound or springiness in a natural or manufactured yarn.

Front 13

MULTIFILAMENT

Back 13

Manufactured filaments composed of many fine fibers.

Front 14

NAP

Back 14

Protruding fiber ends from the surface of one or both sides of a fabric, giving a fuzzy appearance and produced by brushing and elevating the fibers.

Front 15

PLY

Back 15

A yarn formed by twisting together two or more single yarns in one operation.

Front 16

POLYMERS

Back 16

Substances created by the reaction of two or more monomers (simple molecular compounds) that have reactive groups allowing them to join, forming long, chain-like molecules.

Front 17

REGENERATED FIBERS

Back 17

Fibers that are chemically processed from cellulose using, for example, wood chips.

Front 18

RETTING

Back 18

Process of separating bast fibers from the natural gum and wooden matter of plant stalk.

Front 19

SERCIN

Back 19

Gum produced by the silk worm’s gland.

Front 20

SINGLE

Back 20

A continuous strand of yarn.

Front 21

SLUB

Back 21

An uneven, elongated, and somewhat thick section of a yarn considered a flaw in some fabrics such as finished satin but valued for adding texture in other fabrics.

Front 22

SPINNERET

Back 22

A nozzle with 1 to more than 1,000 holes, through which manufactured fiber material is forced, then appears as a coagulated strand. The holes are usually from 0.002 to 0.005 inch in diameter.

Front 23

STAPLE

Back 23

Short fibers, Staple fibers require spinning and twisting to create a yarn. In manufactured fibers, staple fibers are cut in lengths from about 1 inch to 1 ½ inches from the extruded material.

Front 24

SYNTHETIC

Back 24

A term applied to any manufactured fiber other than rayon, acetate, or regenerated protein (azlon) fiber.

Front 25

THERMOPLASTIC

Back 25

The capability of a yarn or filament to be softened with heat after it has hardened and cooled.

Front 26

THROWING

Back 26

The process of making a twisted yarn from reeled silk or adding an additional twist into manufactured filament.

Front 27

WICKING

Back 27

The drawing up and transfer of liquid in fibers or filaments through capillary action.