Textbook Of Basic Nursing Chap 17

Front 1

The major systems involved in feedback are the

Back 1

nervous and endocrine systems

Front 2

occurs when the body reverses an original stimulus to regain physiologic balance (homeostasis).

Back 2

Negative feedback

Front 3

In ________________ the body enhances or intensifies the original stimulus.

Back 3

positive feedback

Front 4

The ______________uses the release and action of hormones to maintain homeostasis.

Back 4

endocrine system

Front 5

the _____________________regulates homeostasis by sensing system deviations and sending nerve impulses to appropriate organs to restore balance

Back 5

nervous system

Front 6

appears mostly as interstitial (tissue) fluid and intravascular (within the blood vessels) fluid

Back 6

ECF extracellular fluid

Front 7

is found between the cells

Back 7

Interstitial fluid

Front 8

is the watery fluid of the blood known as plasma.

Back 8

Intravascular fluid

Front 9

is the fluid inside the cells and constitutes about two thirds of the total body fluid in an adult.

Back 9

Intracellular Fluid
ICF

Front 10

is the fluid outside the cells and constitutes about one third of the total body fluid in an adult.

Back 10

ECF

Front 11

_______________functions as a stabilizing agent for the parts of the cell. also assists with the transport of nutrients across the cell membrane and in and out of the cell.

Back 11

ICF intracellular fluid

Front 12

appears mostly as interstitial (tissue) fluid and intravascular (within the blood vessels) fluid

Back 12

ECF extracellular fluid

Front 13

joint cavity

Back 13

synovial fluid

Front 14

brain and spinal cord

Back 14

CFS cerebral spinal fluid

Front 15

EFC found in eyes

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aqueous fluid

Front 16

also contain specialized EFC

Back 16

GI tract, liver, billary tract and lymphatic vessels

Front 17

if EFC is too low....

Back 17

low blood pressure,
lack of O2/nutrientss to cell,
cells cease to function,
hypo/volemic shock

Front 18

a set of signs and symptoms that indicate that your vital orans (heart and lungs) are not getting enough oxygen

Back 18

shock

Front 19

signs and symptoms of shock

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thrist
decreased BP
increased HR
Resp,
clammy skin, pale

Front 20

_____ the most important fluid in maintaining fluid balance, the body monitors _______ closely and regulates by sending messages

Back 20

EFC

Front 21

stimulates thirst center in the hypothalamus

Back 21

brain

Front 22

releaases ADH(anti-diurectic hormone)

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pituitary gland

Front 23

when ADH is released ...........

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urine production decreases and water reabsorption is increased. Puts more volume in our bloodstream

Front 24

The thirst center in the _______________stimulates or depresses the desire for a person to drink.

Back 24

hypothalamus

Front 25

___________causes secretion of angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II (by an enzyme) in the lungs.

Back 25

renin

Front 26

Angiotensin II causes constriction of the blood vessels to increase blood pressure, and the secretion of___________ .

Back 26

aldosterone

Front 27

____________controls the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys in an attempt to increase blood volume. Water “follows” sodium

Back 27

Aldosterone

Front 28

soduim reabsorption increases blood volume because water follows salt. known as ______

Back 28

RAA rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone

Front 29

(an accumulation of fluid between the pleura of the lungs)

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pleural effusion

Front 30

(an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac around the heart).

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pericardial effusion

Front 31

Dehydration can be associated with an increase in _______________such as potassium.

Back 31

sodium or a disturbance of certain other electrolytes,

Front 32

Tto try to correct the dehydration, water moves from the

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intracellular fluid compartments into the intravascular fluids

Front 33

Dehydration can also cause severe damage to organs such as the______________ caused by reduced circulating blood volume

Back 33

kidneys and liver, due to low blood pressure

Front 34

The nursing diagnosis referring to dehydration is

Back 34

fluid volume deficit

Front 35

_________________is an element or a compound that will dissociate into ions (see discussion below) when dissolved in water.

Back 35

An electrolyte

Front 36

Body water contains two main types of solutes:

Back 36

nonelectrolytes and electrolytes.

Front 37

include proteins, glucose, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and organic acids.

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Nonelectrolytes

Front 38

are solutes that generate an electrical charge when dissolved in water.

Back 38

Electrolytes

Front 39

Solutions exerting equal pressures on opposite sides of the membrane are said to be

Back 39

isotonic

Front 40

Stronger solutions, compared to those on the opposing side of a membrane, are said to be

Back 40

hypertonic.

Front 41

Immersion in a hypertonic solution will result in

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shrinkage of blood cells because osmosis will draw fluid out of the cells

Front 42

Immersion in a hypotonic solution will result in

Back 42

swelling of blood cells

Front 43

is an element or a compound that will dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.

Back 43

An electrolyte

Front 44

are found in the form of inorganic salts, acids, and bases and are found in all body fluids.

Back 44

Electrolytes

Front 45

An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons is called ________ and has acquired an electrical charge and are in search of a bonding partner

Back 45

an ion

Front 46

Some ions have the ability to bond with only one other ion; others can bond with two or more. This ability is expressed in terms of a positive (+) or negative (-) value and is called the .

Back 46

valence

Front 47

A positively charged ion is known as a

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cation

Front 48

A negatively charged ion is known as

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an anion

Front 49

A negatively charged ion is known as

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an anion