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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Competency 1: Oral Language |
The teacher understands the importance of oral language, knows the development process of oral language, and provides the students with varied opportunities to develop listening and speaking skills.
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Phonology
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Study of the sound system of language.
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Phonemes
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The basic units of sound.
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Morphology
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The study of the structure of words and word formations.
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Morphemes
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Smallest representation of meaning
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Syntax
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Entails the ways in which words are organized and arranged in a language.
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Lexicon
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The vocabulary of language.
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Semantics
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The way that meaning is conveyed in a language through the use of it's vocabulary.
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Connotation
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The implied meaning of words and ideas.
i.e. idiomatic expressions |
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Denotation
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The literal meaning of words and ideas.
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Pragmatics
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Describes the hidden rules of communications understood by native speakers of the same language.
i.e. Commonsense rules |
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Stages of Language Development (Early Childhood)
(0-27months) |
Babbling or Pre-Language Stage (0-6mths)
Holophrasic Stage (11-19mths) Two-Word Stage (13-24mths) Telegraphic Stage (18-27mths) |
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Babbling or Pre-Language Stage
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Children at this stage send and receive messages, and use reflexive crying to communicate with caregivers.
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Holophrasic Stage
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Children at this one-word stage begin imitating inflections and facial expressions of adults.
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Two-Word Stage
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Children begin producing rudimentary types of phrases.
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Telegraphic Stage
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This stage presents a higher degree of linguistic development, going beyond the two word stage.
-content words (nouns, adjectives, verbs) -function words (prepositions, articles) - very few at this stage |
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Language Development 2-3 years
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Two years -200-300 word vocabulary
Three years- 900-1000 word vocabulary Children begin to request instead of demand, use courteous vocabulary, and begin following conversation formats. |
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Language Development 4-years
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1500 Words
Able to understand more than they can verbalize. |
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Language Development 5-years
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2100 Words
-Working knowledge of the grammar of language -May have problems with compound sentences and irregular verbs |
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Language Development 6-7 years
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2100 Words
- Working knowledge of the grammar of language -Comprehension Vocabulary 20000 words -Begin decoding written language -Understand and address questions -Fluent clear speech |
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Language Development 8-12 years
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Begin using relative pronoun clauses and subordinated clauses, more complex sentences.
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Voice Disorders
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Distortion of the pitch, timbre, or volume.
Phonation - abnormality in the vibration of the vocal fold. Resonance - abnormality created when sound passes through the vocal tract. |
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Fluency Disorders
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Any condition that affects the child's ability to produce coherent and fluent communication.
Stuttering - multiple false starts or the inability to produce the intended sounds. Cluttering - communicating in an excessively fast mode that makes comprehension difficult. |
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Articulation Problems
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Most common is Lisping. When a person produces the sound s, sh, z and ch with their tongue between the upper and lower teeth.
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Language Processing DIsorders
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Caused by a brain -based disturbance called aphasia.
Receptive Aphasia - sensory aphasia Expressive Aphasia - produces problems with articulation and fluency Global Aphasia - affects both receptive and expressive features of language |
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Activities to Promote Oral Communication
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Dramatic Play |
