Texas History

Front 1

Early Native Americans were ___________ who wandered from place to place to find food.

Back 1

nomads

Front 2

Scientists called ____________ have studied the early Native Americans of Texas.

Back 2

archeologists

Front 3

The Puebloan peoples built homes like apartment houses made of _________, or clay and straw baked into bricks.

Back 3

adobe

Front 4

The early period during which the first peoples came to North America is called________.

Back 4

prehistory

Front 5

Most Native Americans lived in small groups of a few extended families called ____________.

Back 5

bands

Front 6

The Caddoes formed three _____________, all headed by a chief who was a political and religious leader.

Back 6

confederacies

Front 7

Native Americans developed the spear thrower, or ___________, to hurl their spears with greater force.

Back 7

atlatl

Front 8

Plains peoples lived in __________ which were homes made of skins that could be moved easily.

Back 8

tipis

Front 9

______________ that were drawn or painted on cave walls provide clues to the lives of early Native Americans.

Back 9

Pictographs

Front 10

The Coahuiltecans and Karankawas stayed in small groups and never organized themselves into __________.

Back 10

tribes

Front 11

The Spanish sent ____________ to try to convert the Native Americans of Texas to their religion.

Back 11

missionaries

Front 12

The earliest Native Americans of Texas lived as __________.

Back 12

hunter-gatherers

Front 13

The earliest Native Americans of Texas lived as __________.

Back 13

hunter-gatherers

Front 14

picture drawn or painted on cave walls, ledges, or cliffs

Back 14

pictograph

Front 15

object made by humans that shows how they once lived

Back 15

artifact

Front 16

stick about two feet long with a wooden hook at the far end to hold a spear; used to throw a spear with more force

Back 16

atlatl

Front 17

stick about two feet long with a wooden hook at the far end to hold a spear; used to throw a spear with more force

Back 17

atlatl

Front 18

carving made on rock

Back 18

petroglyph

Front 19

The first humans walked to the Americas by crossing a land bridge between Asia and _____________

Back 19

Alaska

Front 20

The first Native Americans to live in Texas survived by____________

Back 20

hunting large animals

Front 21

At the end of the Paleolithic Era, the large animals died off because the world became ______________

Back 21

warmer and drier

Front 22

When the climate changed around 6000 B.C. Native Americans had to find

Back 22

new sources of food

Front 23

Several Native American peoples lived in small___________ that included a few family groups.

Back 23

bands

Front 24

When they needed to defend themselves or had important ceremonies to carry out, some Native Americans formed larger groups called_______________.

Back 24

tribes

Front 25

The Caddoes were the only Texas group to create a ______________.

Back 25

confederacy

Front 26

The Caddoes lived in farming villages in

Back 26

the Piney Woods

Front 27

The Caddoes built a temple where they kept

Back 27

a sacred fire

Front 28

The Caddoes traded with other peoples, giving them well-made

Back 28

pottery and bows

Front 29

The Akokisas could not farm because the land along Galveston Bay was

Back 29

swampy

Front 30

Why did the Wichita develop the tipi, a home that was easy to move?

Back 30

to hunt buffalo on the plains

Front 31

How did the Comanches and Kiowas get along together?

Back 31

they were once enemies but became allies

Front 32

The Plains peoples who followed the buffalo herds lived the lives of

Back 32

nomads

Front 33

What happened to the Tonkawa after they were pushed off the plains?

Back 33

they became hunter-gatherers

Front 34

How did people become leaders of Apache bands?

Back 34

by election

Front 35

How did horses help the Plains peoples?

Back 35

Riding horses helped them follow the buffalo

Front 36

How were decisions made among the Commanches?

Back 36

All adult males had to agree for a decision to be made

Front 37

How did the Kiowas differ from other Plains peoples?

Back 37

they celebrated the Sun Dance

Front 38

The Puebloan peoples made their homes out of ___________ made by combining clay and straw

Back 38

adobe

Front 39

The Puebloans used the _______ to meet and to hold their religious ceremonies.

Back 39

Kiva

Front 40

which people do not belong to the Puebloan culture?

Back 40

Bidai

Front 41

The Puebloan peoples lived

Back 41

in West Texas

Front 42

The Jumanos made their living by

Back 42

farming and trading

Front 43

The Jumanos were allies with the

Back 43

Conchos

Front 44

How did the Conchos respond when the Spanish forced them to work in mines?

Back 44

they revolted

Front 45

The Tigua came to Texas with the Spanish from

Back 45

New Mexico