Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
150 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
In what zone was Australia's first vineyards planted in 1788?
|
New South Wales
|
|
|
Regions in Australia are defined by Wine Australia as ____________.
|
Geographical Indications (GIs)
|
|
|
Australia’s appellations are purely geographic in scope.
T/F |
True. There are no restrictions on grape varieties, yields, etc.
|
|
|
Australian appellations are subdivided into _______, _________, and ____________.
|
zones
regions subregions |
|
|
From the post-phylloxera period until the 1960s, approximately ___% of Australia’s production consisted of sweet, fortified wines.
|
80%
|
|
|
Is chaptalization allowed in Australia?
|
No, but its warm enough not to worry about it.
|
|
|
Is irrigation allowed in Australia?
|
Yes. Only through irrigation were large swaths of the country’s vineyard lands made accessible to the vine.
|
|
|
Why does the Australian wine industry look grim?
|
Severe drought, water rights, wine gluts and frost.
|
|
|
What governing body oversees and maintains the Australian wine industry?
|
The Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation (AWBC), started in 1981.
|
|
|
Australian wine must contain a minimum ___% of the stated grape, year, or region, respectively.
|
85%
|
|
|
Australia has how many GIs?
|
7
|
|
|
Name Australia’s 7 GIs
|
Western Australia
Northern Territory Queensland New South Wales Tasmania Victoria South Australia |
|
|
New South Wales accounts for ___% of Australia’s wine production
|
25%
|
|
|
__% of Hunter’s output is white or red?
|
60% white wine
|
|
|
Hunter Valley Semillon flavors?
|
grassy, honey, and buttered toast
|
|
|
In Hunter valley, _______ is the region’s most planted grape
|
Chardonnay followed by Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Verdelho
|
|
|
Name the (8) New South Wales GI Zones in Australia
|
Big Rivers
Central Ranges Hunter Valley Northern Rivers Northern Slopes South Coast Southern New South Wales Western Plains |
|
|
Name the "Regions" in Australia's New South Wales "Big Rivers" zone
|
Murray Darling
Perricoota Riverina Swan Hill |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s New South Wales "Central Ranges" zone
|
Cowra
Mudgee Orange |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s New South Wales “Hunter Valley” zone
|
Hunter
|
|
|
Name the “Region” in Australia’s New South Wales “Northern Rivers” zone
|
Hastings River
|
|
|
Name the “Region” in Australia’s New South Wales “Northern Slopes” zone
|
New England Australia
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s New South Wales “South Coast” zone
|
Shoalhaven Coast
Southern Highlands |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s New South Wales “Southern New South Wales” zone
|
Canberra District
Tumbarumba Hilltops Gundagai |
|
|
Which "Zone" the smallest and coolest Australian state?
|
Victoria
|
|
|
Describe a Mediterranean climate
|
Long growing season
Moderate to warm temperatures Little seasonal changes Little rain during growing season |
|
|
Describe a Continental climate
|
Seasonal changes
Very hot summers, very cold winters Found inland, no significant bodies of water Very warm temps during day, drastically drop at night Frost, hail |
|
|
Describe a Maritime climate
|
Close to large bodies of water
“Middle ground” between Mediterranean & continental climates Long growing season Excessive rain & humidity (mold, mildew) Warm summers, cool winters |
|
|
Name a few regions that have a Mediterranean climate
|
Italian wine regions
Greek wine regions Israeli wine regions Lebanese wine regions Southern Rhone Valley Languedoc Provence Coastal Portugal Coastal South Africa Coastal California Napa Valley Chile central valley Western & South Australia |
|
|
Name a few regions that have a Continental climate
|
Burgundy
Rioja Piedmont Cote-Rotie and Northern Rhone wine regions Douro Loire Valley Most Austrian wine regions Most Czech wine regions Most Hungarian wine regions Most Romanian wine regions Most Russian wine regions Most Turkish wine regions Columbia Valley Most Canadian wine regions Mendoza |
|
|
Name a few regions that have a Maritime climate
|
Bordeaux
Muscadet Rias Baixes Willamette Valley Long Island Most New Zealand wine regions Southern Chile |
|
|
_________ Valley is Victoria’s oldest wine region
|
Yarra Valley
|
|
|
Which giant Champagne house was the first to see the Yarra Valley’s promise?
|
Moët & Chandon (opened Australian Domaine Chandon in 1987)
|
|
|
What are the primary grapes grown in the Yarra Valley, Australia?
|
Pinot Noir, elegant styles of Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Shiraz
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s Victoria “Central Victoria” zone
|
Bendigo
Goulburn Valley Heathcote Strathbogie Ranges Upper Goulburn |
|
|
How many "Zones" exist in Australia's Victoria GI?
|
6
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s Victoria “North East Victoria” zone
|
Alpine Valleys
Beechworth Glenrowan King Valley Rutherglen |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s Victoria “North West Victoria” zone
|
Murray Darling
Swan Hill |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s Victoria “Port Phillip” zone
|
Geelong
Macedon Ranges Mornington Peninsula Sunbury Yarra Valley |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in Australia’s Victoria “Western Victoria” zone
|
Grampians
Henty Pyrenees |
|
|
Which Australia region produces what is widely considered Australia’s best Cabernet Sauvignon?
|
Coonawarra
|
|
|
Coonawarra has what type of topsoil?
|
Terra rossa
|
|
|
What is the dominant grape of Barossa Valley?
|
Shiraz
|
|
|
What state is Yarra Valley located in?
|
Victoria
|
|
|
Which Australian GI is highly regarded for Riesling?
|
Clare Valley
|
|
|
What is the dominant grape of Australia's Central Otago?
|
Pinot Noir
|
|
|
What is the dominant grape of Marlborough?
|
Sauvignon Blanc
|
|
|
Who produces "Grange"?
|
Penfolds
|
|
|
What is the average age of Rutherglen Grand Muscat in Australia?
|
10-15 years
|
|
|
Who produces "Astralis" in Australia?
|
Clarendon Hills
|
|
|
What is the standard size for an American oak hogshead?
|
300 liters
|
|
|
Where is Gimblett Gravels?
|
Hawkes Bay, Australia
|
|
|
Lenswood and Piccadilly Valley are located within the region of ...
|
Adelaide Hills, Australia
|
|
|
Awatere Valley is located within the region of...
|
Marlborough, Australia
|
|
|
Watervale is a subregion of...
|
Clare Valley, Australia
|
|
|
Where is the appellation of "Dead Arm"?
|
McLaren Vale
|
|
|
What are the most successful varietals in Martinborough?
|
Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir
|
|
|
What is the only region in New Zealand to experience a truly continental climate?
|
Central Otago
|
|
|
Which Australian zone is the warmest and most important region producing Cabernet Sauvignon and Rhône varietals?
|
McLaren Vale GI
|
|
|
What are McLaren Vale's most famous wines?
|
D’Arenberg’s “Dead Arm” Shiraz
Drew Noon’s "Eclipse" Grenache Clarendon Hills "Astralis" Shiraz |
|
|
The unofficial Australian subregions of Watervale and Polish Hill River produce what varietal?
|
Piercing, dry Rieslings buoyed by lime candy, petrol, and tropical notes. Producer Grosset masters the style.
|
|
|
What is Australia’s most important region for premium Shiraz?
|
Barossa
|
|
|
What are Australia's TWO most celebrated wine regions?
|
Barossa and Hunter Valley
|
|
|
Descriptors for high-end Barossa Valley Shiraz?
|
opaque, dense, heavily extracted, and full of dark fruit and chocolate.
|
|
|
What are the traditional oak containers used to age wines in Australia?
|
American oak hogsheads although many producers are now using a percentage of French oak barriques.
|
|
|
How many liters can an American oak hogshead hold?
|
300 liters
|
|
|
Where is Penfolds located?
|
Barossa Valley, Australia
|
|
|
The producer of the famed "Hill of Grace" is located where?
|
Eden Valley, Australia
|
|
|
Who was the first commercial producer of Chardonnay in South Australia?
|
Mountadam
|
|
|
How many "Zones" are in the South Australian GI?
|
8
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the South Australian “Barossa” zone
|
Barossa Valley
Eden Valley |
|
|
Name the “Region” in the South Australian “Far North” zone
|
Southern Flinders Ranges
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the South Australian “Fleurieu” zone
|
Currency Creek
Kangaroo Island Langhorne Creek McLaren Vale Southern Fleurieu |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the South Australian “Limestone Coast” zone
|
Coonawarra
Mount Benson Padthaway Robe Wrattonbully Mount Gambier |
|
|
Name the “Region” in the South Australian “Lower Murray” zone
|
Riverland
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the South Australian “Mount Lofty Ranges” zone
|
Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plains Clare Valley |
|
|
What is Australia's largest state?
|
Western Australia
|
|
|
What is the state’s most acclaimed appellation in the coastal region of the South West Australia zone?
|
Margaret River
|
|
|
What are Margaret River's best-known producers?
|
Cullen
Leeuwin Estate Cape Mentelle |
|
|
How many zones are in the Western Australian GI?
|
5
|
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the Western Australian “Greater Perth” zone
|
Peel
Perth Hills Swan District |
|
|
Name the “Regions” in the Western Australian “South West Australia” zone
|
Blackwood Valley
Geographe Great Southern Manjimup Margaret River Pemberton |
|
|
Is Queensland a major grape-growing state in Australia?
|
No, but production is on the rise.
|
|
|
How many regions are the the Australian Queensland GI?
|
2:
Granite Belt South Burnett |
|
|
Which GI is Australia’s coolest wine-producing area?
|
Tasmania
|
|
|
What grapes are grown in Tasmania?
|
Chardonnay and Riesling, outnumber reds (Pinot & Cabernet) but not by a wide margin.
Tasmania’s traditional method sparkling wines are among Australia’s best efforts in the category. |
|
|
What is the classic region in Chile for Cabernet Sauvignon?
|
Maipo Valley
|
|
|
What are the three components of a Negroni cocktail?
|
Gin
Campari Sweet Vermouth |
|
|
Where is Mézes Maly?
|
Tokaj
|
|
|
What is the Six o’clock swill?
|
Closing hour for pubs instituted Australia and New Zealand during World War I, which lasted till 1967. It was a move by anti-alcohol forces to return men to their wives at a respectable hour.
|
|
|
In NZ, wine shops were not allowed to sell single bottles of wine until 1955, and restaurants first gained the right to sell wine in 1960.
T/F |
True
|
|
|
What is Drambuie?
|
A liqueur made from Scotch and Whiskey and heather honey produced in Scotland
|
|
|
Name the satellites of St.Émilion.
|
Lussac, Montagne, St. Georges, Puisseguin
|
|
|
What red grapes may be used in the production of rubino Marsala?
|
Nerello Mascalese, Calabrese, Perricone
|
|
|
New Zealand’s modern fortunes are founded on which region and which grape?
|
Marlborough on the South Island and the Sauvignon Blanc grape,
|
|
|
Which producer put Marlborough, NZ on the map?
|
Cloudy Bay Vineyards, 1985
|
|
|
Describe a Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc
|
racy, piercing and pungent; highly intense aromas of passion fruit, jalapeño, ripe grapefruit, and grass
|
|
|
What are some of the grapes grown in NZ?
|
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Merlot, Riesling, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Gewürztraminer (listed in diminishing order of 2008 acreage). Also sparklers in Marlbourough
|
|
|
New Zealand is the world’s most (direction) _________ and __________ winemaking country:
|
Eastern and southern
|
|
|
In NZ, which Island is bigger, North Island or South Island?
|
South Island
|
|
|
What is the southernmost wine region in the world?
|
Central Otago
|
|
|
Is mechanical harvesting allowed in NZ?
|
Yes
|
|
|
Does NZ make inexpensive bulk wine?
|
No. Land is sparse.
|
|
|
Who pioneered the Screwcap Initiative in 2001?
|
New Zealand
|
|
|
Who was the first producer to commercially release a New Zealand wine under screwcap?
|
Kim Crawford in Marlborough.
|
|
|
Are there any laws governing enrichment, acidification, pruning, yields, or irrigation techniques in New Zealand?
|
No
|
|
|
Name the main North Island regions in New Zealand.
|
Northland
Auckland Waikato/Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Wairarapa. |
|
|
Name the main South Island regions in New Zealand.
|
Nelson
Marlborough Canterbury Central Otago |
|
|
North Island, NZ climate?
|
Maritime
|
|
|
North Island in NZ is mainly planted with...
|
Chardonnay
|
|
|
Hawkes Bay is known for red or white wine?
|
Red wines with Merlot leading the way
|
|
|
What is greywacke?
|
A soil/gravel found in NZ
|
|
|
Gisborne in New Zealand is also known as ____________.
|
Poverty Bay
|
|
|
The South Island in NZ is primarily planted with...
|
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling and Pinot Noir.
|
|
|
What NZ region produces over half of the entire country’s wine?
|
Marlborough (Sauvignon Blanc)
|
|
|
Central Otago is the only region in the country to experience a truly continental climate
T/F |
True
|
|
|
Who are some of Central Otago's famous Pinot Noir producers?
|
Felton Road
Mt. Difficulty Rippon |
|
|
What are the main white grapes of Australia?
|
Chardonnay
Semillion Riesling Sauvignon Blanc |
|
|
What are the main red grapes of Australia?
|
Shiraz
Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Pinot Noir Bordeaux blends |
|
|
Dominio de Pingus?
|
Ribero del Duero
|
|
|
What is the residual sugar range for Seco Cava?
|
17-32 grams per liter
|
|
|
What two yeasts are most commonly associated with lambic fermentation?
|
Brettanomyces bruxellensis Brettanomyces lambicus
|
|
|
What is Floc de Gascogne?
|
A regional apéritif from Côtes de Gascogne and Armagnac regions of Sud-Ouest wine region of France. It is a vin de liqueur fortified with armagnac, the local brandy.
|
|
|
Major grapes of Hunter Valley?
|
70% whites: Chardonnay, Semillon, SB
30% reds: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot |
|
|
Major grapes of Yarra Valley?
|
Red Grapes (67%): Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Merlot
White Grapes (33%): Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc Sparkling Wines |
|
|
Major grapes of Barrosa Valley?
|
Red Grapes (68%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Merlot, Mourvèdre
White Grapes (32%): Semillon, Chardonnay, Riesling |
|
|
Major grapes of Eden Valley?
|
Red Grapes (55%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir
White Grapes (45%): Riesling, Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc |
|
|
Major grapes of McLaren Vale?
|
Red Grapes (80%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot
White Grapes (20%): Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Chenin Blanc |
|
|
Major grapes of Coonawarra?
|
Red Grapes (90%): Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc
White Grapes (10%): Chardonnay, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc |
|
|
Major grapes of Clare Valley?
|
Red Grapes (65%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, Grenache
White Grapes (35%): Riesling, Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc |
|
|
Main grape for Sancerre?
|
Sauvignon Blanc
|
|
|
Main grape for Pouilly-Fumé?
|
Sauvignon Blanc
|
|
|
Main grape for Pouilly-Fuissé?
|
Chardonnay
|
|
|
Main grapes for Côtes du Rhône?
|
Grenache
Syrah Mourvèdre |
|
|
Main grapes for Champagne?
|
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier
|
|
|
Main grape for Chablis?
|
Chardonnay
|
|
|
Main grape for white Burgundy?
|
Chardonnay
|
|
|
Main grape for red Burgundy?
|
Pinot Noir
|
|
|
Main grapes for white Bordeaux?
|
Sauvignon Blanc
Sémillon |
|
|
Main grapes for red Bordeaux?
|
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot Cabernet Franc |
|
|
Main grape for Beaujolais?
|
Gamay
|
|
|
Main grape for Amarone?
|
Corvina
|
|
|
Main grape for Barbaresco?
|
Nebbiolo
|
|
|
Main grape for Barolo?
|
Nebbiolo
|
|
|
Main grape for Brunello?
|
Sangiovese
|
|
|
Main grape for Gavi?
|
White Cortese
|
|
|
Main POMEROL grape?
|
Merlot
|
|
|
Main ST. EMILION grape?
|
Merlot, some Cab
|
|
|
Main MEDOC grape?
|
Cab Sauv
|
|
|
What are the four methods of flavoring liqueurs or spirits?
|
infusion, maceration, distillation, percolation
|
