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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how the population changed in the 1700s.
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-Population of the colonies increased dramactically by ten times.
-European population jumped from 250,000 to 2.5 million -African population went from 28,000 to 500,000 |
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Why did population increase so rapidly?
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-Immigration
-Women married early and had large families |
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What was farming in the New England Colonies like?
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-Subsistence farming
-Farms were small |
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What were some forms of major commerce in the New England Colonies?
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-People used their streams for lumber and to power windmills
-Women made goods -Craftspeople -Shipbuilding -Fishing |
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What is triangular trade?
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-Trade routes that formed a triangle
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What was the Middle Passage?
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The route that carried enslaved Africans to the West Indes.
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What was farming like in the Middle Colonies?
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-Cash crops
-Large land |
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Who were the immigrants who came to the Middle Colonies and created a rich cultural diversity?
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Germans, Dutch, Swedish (non-English speaking groups)
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What was the Tidewater? the backcountry?
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-Tidewater: a region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast
-Backcountry: located near the Appalachian Moutains & had tobacco farms |
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What were some of the slave codes?
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-Slaves could not leave the plantation unless stated by their owners.
-Could not be taught how to read or write -Whipped for minor offenses and hanged or burned to death for serious offenses |
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Who condemned slavery?
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Quakers and Memnonites in Pennsylavania
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What happened during the Glorious Revolution?
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-The Parliament defeated James II, and placed his daughter and her husband on the throne.
-English bill of rights were signed. |
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What is the theory of mercantilism?
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The theory that a nation's power was depended on its wealth. A countey must export more than its import.
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What were the Navigation Acts?
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A series of laws that directed the flow of goods between England and the colonies.
-Prohibited the colonies from sending certain products outside England's empire |
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What is smuggling?
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Trading illegally with other countries.
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What were Charter Colonies? Name them.
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-Established by groups of settlers who had been given a grant of rights and privileges.
-Connecticut, Rhode Island |
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What were Proprietary Colonies? Name them.
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-Ruled by Britain who individuals had granted land
-Free to rule as they wished -Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylavania |
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What were Royal Colonies? Name them.
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-Directed ruled by Britain
-Georgia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, North Carolina, Virginia |
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What was the Great Awakening?
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-a religious revival that swept through the colonies in the 1730s-1740s
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How did Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield take part in the Great Awakening?
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-Edwards was an outstanding preacher who delivered great sermons.
-Whitefield helped spread the awakening. He alerted worshipers in churches and open fields from New England to Georgia. |
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What was the Enlightenment?
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A movement which began in Europe that spread the idea of knowledge, reason, and science could improve society.
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What were the contributions of Benjamin Franklin?
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-Discovered electricity
-Invented lightling rod, bifocals, Franklin stove -Served in the Pennsylvania Assembly -Founded a hospital, fire department, America's first leading library, and an university which was later known as UC PENN. |
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What was the British-French rivalry like in America?
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-Have been fighting for wealth for centuries in Amercia
-Fought over resources, land, fur trade, fishing grounds. |
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What is the relationship between the French and the Native Americans like?
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-French had many Native American allies
-Didnt try to take their land -More tolerant of Native American ways -Converted many Native Americans to Catholicism, but let them maintain their own customs |
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Who was Governor Dinwiddie and what did he get George Washington to do?
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-Told Washington to start a fort [Fort Necessity]
-Also told Washington to tell French that they were trespassing on Britain's claimed territory |
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What happened at Fort Necessity?
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-forces of inexperienced Washington attacked a French standing army and lost.
-colonists were released in Virginia |
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What was the Albany Plan of Union and who's idea was it?
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-Benjamin Franklin suggested this idea
-a single elected legislature which would govern all the colonies -this legislature would have power to collect taxes, raise troops, and regulate trade |
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Who was General Edward Braddock and what was he sent to do?
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-Person that Britain appointed commander in chief
-Sent him to drive French out of the Ohio Valley |
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What happened to Braddock and his army on the way to Fort Duquesne?
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-Washington warned Braddock that marching style was wrong
-French and Native Americans attacked Braddock's army from behind -Braddock was killed -Washington lead army back to Virginia |
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Who was William Pitt and what did he do?
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-Prime minister of Britain
-Lead Britain to victory of the Seven Year's war -Bankrupted Britain, lead to more taxes |
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What were the terms and end results of the Treaty of Paris?
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-France was allowed to keep its sugar-producing islands in West Indes, but it had to give up Canada and all of its land east the Mississippi
-END OF FRANCE'S POWER IN NORTH AMERICA |
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Who was Pontiac and what was Pontiac's War?
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-chief of an Ottawa village near Detroit
-United Native American tribes and lead them to war against colonies |
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What was the Proclamation of 1763?
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-proclamation that declared that the Appalachian Mountains was the temporary western boundaries for all colonies
-Preserved peace for couple of years |
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How did many colonists respond to the Proclamation of 1763?
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-Some colonists had already bought this land or had shares in land companies
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