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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

differentiation/ determination

when a stem cell specializes

metabolism

term for the chemicals reaction in the body

anabolism

builds larger molecules

catabolism

breaks down large molecules

negative feedback

turns off the stress

positive feedback

intensifies stress

lipid bilayer

phospholipid, cholesterol, glycolipid

phospholipids

hydrophilic & hydrophobic-ampeiathic molecule-polar and non polar.

peripheral proteins

support-may be involved in cell devision

cholesterol

rigid molecules that provide support

ions

can influence whenever something enters the cell-depending on its charge

permeability

ability to get through cell

facilitated diffusion

high to low with the help of integrated protein!!

active transport

low to high

crenation

rbc in a hypertonic solute looses water and shrinks

lysis

rbc in a hypotonic solution gains water and bursts

endocytosis

inside cyt

phagocytosis

to eat cyt

pinocytosis

to drink cyt

exocytosis

go out cyt

transcytosis

across cyt

chromatin

spread out form of DNA and proteins-not visible-DNA usually chromatin

chromosomes

condensed form of DNA-diploid cell

peroxisomes

in liver-contains oxidases-detoxify alcohol

proteasome

4 stacked rings of protein, break down old protein

mitochondria

ctistae and matrix-produces ATP

actin

thin filament

myosin

thick filament

protein synthesis

DNA code for proteins-cytoplasm

transcription

occurs in nucleus-copies a gene form DNA to messager RNA

RNA polymerase

scans DNA looking for promoter-advetisment

translation

occurs in the cytoplasm-amino acids into proteins-according to the mRNA sequence of nucleotides-moving copy

mitosis

i-p-m-a-t

meiosis

2 sets of cell devision

contact inhibition

cells in contact with other cells don't divide

carcinogens

cigarettes

metastasize

spreads cancer 2 parts of body

endocrine gland

secrets hormones

exocrine glands

secretes things onto body surface or into ducts


unicellular-goblet cell


multicellular many celled glands

merocrine gland

products build up in cell-salivary glands

holocrine glands

sebaceous oil glands-whole cell is sloughed off

mesenchyme

adult conn develop from this

neuroglia

glial cells

mucous membrane

lines open cavities-has lamina propria under made of areolar

serous membrane

lining closed cavities-secrete serous fluid that lubricates

cutaneous membrane

skin

synovial membrane

lines cavities of joints-areolar tissue-secrete synovial fluid

tight junction

tight seal

adherent junction

plaque on inside of cell membranes, tied together by glycoproteins-prevent epithelial cells from separating-space between

desmosomes

plaque on inside of cell membrane-tied together by glycoproteins-attached to intermediate filament of cytoskeleton-skin cells in epidermis-button gap

hemidesmosomes

anchor to underlying basement membrane-half button-glycoproteins

gap junction

connexons-conect one cell to the next-cardiac muscle cells and some smooth muscle cells-improves speed of impulse