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119 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Definition of: Approved
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Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ)
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An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, and installation, or a procedure. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Labeled
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Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ... (NFPA)
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Definition of: Listed
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Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ... (NFPA)
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Definition of: Standard
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A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word "Shall" to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code... (NFPA)
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Definition of: Bonding
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An electrical connection between an electrically conductive object and a component of the lightning protection system that is intended to significantly reduce potential difference created by lightning currents. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Chimney
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A smoke or vent stack having a flue with a cross sectional area less than 500 sq in and a total height of 75 ft or less. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Combination waveform generator
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A surge generator with a 2-ohm internal impedance producing a 1.2/50 [mu]s open circuit voltage and an 8/20 short-circuit current wave-shape. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Flame protection
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Self-closing gauge hatches, vapor seals, pressure-vacuum breather valves, flame arresters, or other effective means to minimize the possibility of flame entering the vapor space of a tank. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Flammable air-vapor mixtures
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Flammable vapors mixed with air in proportions that will cause the mixture to burn rapidly when ignited. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Flammable vapors
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A concentration of constituents in air that exceeds 10% of its lower flammable limit (LFL). (NFPA)
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Definition of: Flash Point
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The minimum temperature at which a liquid or a solid emits vapor sufficient to form an ignitable mixture with the air near the surface of the liquid or the solid. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Heavy-Duty Stack
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A smoke or vent stack with a flue that has a cross-sectional area greater than 500 sq in and a height greater than 75 ft. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Catenary lightning protection system
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A Lightning Protection System consisting of one or more overhead ground wires. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Class 1 Flammable Liquid
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Any Liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 37.8C (100F) and having a vapor pressure not exceeding 2068 mm Hg (40 psi) at 37.8C (100F). (NFPA)
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Definition of: Combustible Liquid
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Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 37.8C (100F). (NFPA)
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Definition of: Explosive Materials
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Materials, including explosives (duh), blasting agents, and detonators, that are authorized for transportation by the Department of Transportation or the Department of Defense as explosive materials.
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Definition of: Maximum Discharge Current (I max)
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The maximum instantaneous value of the current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape (per mode of protection). (NFPA)
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Definition of: Spark Gap
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Any short air space between two conductors that are electriclly insulated from or remotely electrically connected to eachother. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Striking Distance
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The distance over which the final breakdown of the initial lightning stroke occurs. (NFPA)
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Definition of: Suppressed voltage rating (SVR)
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A specific measured limiting voltage rating assigned to a transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS). (NFPA)
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Surge arrestor VS. Surge protective device (SPD)
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A Surge Arrestor limits surge voltage by discharging or bypassing surge current (repeatable), where a SPD will either limit or divert the current. (more general)
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Definition of: Transient
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A subcycle disturbance in the AC waveform that is evidenced by a sharp, brief discontinuity of the waveform. it can be of either polarity and can be additive to , or subtractive from, the nominal waveform
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Definition of: Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor (TVSS)
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A surge protective device listed for connection on the load side of the main over-curent protection in circuits not exceeding 600 Volts RMS.
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Is a 75 foot building class I or class II
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Class I
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Class 1 req- dia. of solid copper air terminal?
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3/8"
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Class 1 req- dia. of solid aluminum air terminal?
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1/2"
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Class 1 req- dia. & thickness of tubular copper air terminal?
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5/8" dia & 0.033" thick
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Class 1 req- dia. & thickness of tubular aluminum air terminal?
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5/8" dia & 0.064" thick
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Class 1 req- Minimum strand thickness for copper main conductor cable?
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17 awg.
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Class 1 req- Minimum strand thickness for aluminum main conductor cable?
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14 awg.
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Class 1 req- Min. strand size of copper secondary bonding cable.
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17 awg.
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Class 1 req- Min. strand size of aluminum secondary bonding cable .
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14 awg.
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Class II req- min dia. of solid copper air terminal
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1/2"
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Class II req- min dia. of solid aluminum air terminal
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5/8"
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Class II req- min size strand for copper main conductor
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15 awg.
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Class II req- min size strand for aluminum main conductor
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13 awg.
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Class II req- min strand size for secondary copper bonding wire/cable
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17 awg
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Class II req- min strand size for secondary aluminum bonding wire/cable
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14 awg
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What conductivity shall copper have when annealed?
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95% conductivity
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What shall copper chimney components be protected with?
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A hot-dipped lead or tin coating.
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How far above grade shall bimetallic splicers be installed?
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At least 18".
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What is the maximum wind resistance area for an ornament on an unbraced air terminal?
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20 sq. in.
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What is the maximum diameter of a ball ornament on an unbraced air terminal?
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5"
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The zone of protection may be found using a 1 to 2 sloped line on building of what heights?
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25' or less
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The zone of protection may be found using a 1 to 1 sloped line on buildings of what heights?
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50' or less (and > 25')
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Definition of: Pitched Roof
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Span<=40' & a pitch>=1/8
Span>40' & a pitch>=1/4 |
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At what height must the eaves on a pitched roof be at to require air terminals on the perimeter?
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>50'
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The perimeter of open areas in a roof shall NOT need additional protection under what conditions?
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If the perimeter is greater than 300 ft, AND both rectangular dimensions exceeds 50'.
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How far above grade shall an exposed down conductor be protected?
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For at least 6'
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If corrosive soil conditions are present, how far above grade must the down conductor (and ground) be protected?
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For at least 3'
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For long down conductors, how often must a conductor be connected to structural steel or rebar?
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Every 200 ft or less.
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What is the minimum outside diameter for masonry anchors?
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1/4"
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What is the pull test rating for cable fittings/
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890N or 200lb
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What is the minimum bonding area for primary bonding plates?
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3 sq. in
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What is the maximum conductor run length of a "dead-ended" air terminal on a main roof?
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8'
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What is the maximum conductor run length of a "dead-ended" air terminal on a non-main roof?
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16'
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What sized rod shall be used to support conductor runs through the air for more than 3'?
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5/8" minimum
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Welded grounding connections are required to have what bonding area?
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At least 2 times the cross sectional area of the conductor.
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Ground rod clamps shall make contact with the ground rod for what distance?
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1-1/2"
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What distance from the foundation shall ground rods be located?
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2' minimum
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In the event that bedrock lies near the surface, what distance & depth shall grounding cable be run in clay soil?
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12' long x 2' deep
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In the event that bedrock lies near the surface, what distance & depth shall grounding cable be run in sandy or gravelly soil?
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24' long x 2' deep
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In the event that bedrock lies less than 2 feet below the surface, what is the suggested grounding method? (per UL)
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Grounding plates located at least 2 feet from the foundation with a surface area of 2 sq. ft.
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In the event that Soil is less than 1' deep, what is the required grounding methods? (per UL)
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The structure shall be encircled with a main sized ground loop. Ground plates are optional.
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Definition of: Measured Limiting Voltage (MLV)
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Maximum magnitude of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the surge protective device (SPD) during the application of impulses of specified wave shape & amplitude.
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What is the minimum surface area of a ground plate?
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2 sq. ft.
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In a radial ground terminal system, what is the required length & depth of the ground radials?
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12' long & 18" below grade minimum
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Multiple radial terminals shall diverge at an angle not greater than what?
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90 degrees
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What sized tree trunk requires 2 separate down conductors?
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3' dia. min.
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What type of cable fastener is to be used on trees?
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Drive type
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What is the maximum distance between fasteners on trees?
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3'-0" max. spacing
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What are the 2 recommended grounding methods for trees? (conductors & terminals)
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Grounding conductors shall be run out from the base of the tree in a shallow trench to beyond the drip-line of the tree. The ground terminals may either be radial, or terminate in ground plates.
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What material is approved for use on trees?
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Copper (and bronze)
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A tree protection system should be connected to the building system if within what distance from the building?
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25'
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If multiple ground rods are used at one down location, what distance should separate the rods?
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The sum of their 2 lengths
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Where shall a concrete based electrode be located?
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Near the bottom of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth.
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How much concrete shall a concrete based electrode be encased in?
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2" minimum
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What are the 2 terminal types that may make up a concrete based electrode?
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Not less than 20' of main sized, bare copper conductor; or 20' of one or more steel reinforcing bars or rods not less than 1/2" in diameter that have been effectively bonded together by either welding or overlapping 20 diameters and wire-tying.
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How deep must a ground ring electrode be?
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18" minimum below grade
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If a ground ring electrode is encased in concrete, how long must it be?
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20' minimum
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Shall a ground ring conductor be main sized, or secondary sized?
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Main sized
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What is the minimum thickness of a ground plate electrode?
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0.032" minimum
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How deep must a ground plate electrode be placed?
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18" minimum below grade
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How many threads shall be engaged in the structural steel by a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to the steel?
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5 threads minimum
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What kind of nut shall be used with a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to structural steel?
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A jam nut
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What is the minimum diameter of the threaded portion of a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to structural steel?
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1/2" minimum
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Where shall surge protective devices (SPD) be installed
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At all points where an electrical or electronic system conductor leaves or enters a structure (unless the conductor supplies another structure and the conductors are run less than 100' or are buried or enclosed in grounded metal conduit or tubing)
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What distance from the base of the structure shall all grounded material be connected to the L.P. system?
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12' maximum
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Ground loop conductors are required for buildings of what height?
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60' and higher
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How many ground terminals shall an electrically continuous metal mast or flagpole require?
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1
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A system for a heavy duty stack shall be which class? (I or II)
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Class II
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On a heavy duty stack, how far from the top shall the system be leaded?
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25'
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How thick, on a heavy duty stack, shall the lead covering be?
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1/16" minimum
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Name 4 materials that may be used for air terminals on a heavy duty stack.
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Solid copper, Stainless steel, titanium, or Monel Metal
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For heavy duty stacks, what is the maximum spacing for air terminals?
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8'
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What is the minimum height of air terminals on a heavy duty stack?
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18" minimum
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For top mounted air terminals on a heavy duty stack, what is the maximum height of the terminal?
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18" max (& min)
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What is the maximum height of air terminals on a heavy duty stack?
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30" maximum
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What diameter shall the air terminals be on a heavy duty stack?
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5/8" dia. exclusive of corrosion protection
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On a heavy duty stack, at how may locations must a side mounted air terminal be secured?
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At least 2 locations
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On a heavy duty stack, how thick must an electrically continuous steel hood covering be to be allowed to be used for the strike termination device?
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3/16" min.
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On a heavy duty stack with an 3/16" thick steel hood covering, what bonding area must the connections to the down conductors have?
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8" sq.
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On a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum size of any strand of cable?
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15 AWG.
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For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum number of down conductors?
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2 minimum
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On a heavy duty stack, how close to the base must a loop conductor be installed?
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Within 12', preferably below grade.
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On a heavy duty stack, how far above grade shall conductors be protected from mechanical damage?
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8' min
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On a heavy duty stack, how often shall down conductors be connected with an intermediate loop conductor?
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every 200' max.
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Name 3 materials that are acceptable for use in fasteners on a heavy duty stack.
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copper, bronze, or stainless steel.
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On a heavy duty stack, how shall fasteners be anchored to the stack?
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With masonry anchors, or lay-in attachments.
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On a heavy duty stack, how often shall vertical conductors be fastened to the structure?
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every 4' max.
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On a heavy duty stack, how often shall horizontal conductors be fastened to the structure?
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every 3' max.
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Name 4 types of splicing methods that are approved on heavy duty stacks.
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Bolting, brazing, welding, and high-compression connectors (must be listed for h.d. stacks)
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On a heavy duty stack, what distance must splicers make contact with conductors?
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1-1/2" minimum
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On a heavy duty stack, how high must an exterior isolated metal body be, to be required to be bonded to the system?
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150'
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For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum length of grounding rods?
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10'
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For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum diameter of grounding rods?
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5/8"
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What is the striking distance that shall be used for structures containing flammable, or similarly dangerous materials?
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100'
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For catenary systems, what striking distance shall be used?
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100'
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