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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cell theory?
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1.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things,
2. All cells are produced from other cells, 3. All things are composed of cells. |
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What is the difference between magnification and resolution?
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Magnification is making things look larger, and resolution is the sharpness of the image
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What do we mean by the structure of living things?
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The structure of living things is determined by the variety of ways in which cells are arranged.
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What are some of the functions that cells perform?
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Some functions of cells include obtaining oxygen, getting rid of waste, obtaining food, and growing.
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Why was the invention of the microscope important?
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The invention of the microscope around 1590 made it possible to discover and learn about cells.
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Why was Robert Hooke important to our understanding of cells?
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Hooke built his own compound microscope and in 1663 used it to observe thin slices of cork.
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Who first used the term cells?
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Robert Hooke first used the term cells. He observed the empty spaces in cork and named them cells.
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Why was Anton van Leeuwenhoek important to our understanding of cells?
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He used a simple microscope to observe drops of lake water, scrapings from teeth and gums, and water from rain gutters, and observed tiny one celled organisms.
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Who first used the term animalcuels?
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
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What is a compound microscope?
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A compound microscope is a microscope that focuses light using multiple lenses. For example Hooke used a compound microscope to study cork in 1663.
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What is a simple microscope?
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A simple microscope focuses light using only one lens Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a simple microscope to study microscopic organisms.(Animalcules)
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Describe the modern compound microscope
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It contains complex lenses that can magnify up to 1000 times.
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What is a transmission electron microscope?
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A transmission eletron microscope (TEM) focuses a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen. It can magnify up to 500000 times.
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What is a Scanning electron microscope?
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A scanning electron microscope sends electrons over the surface of the specimen producing a 3D image of the specimens surface. It can magnify a specimen up to 150,000 times.
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What is a scanning tunneling microscope?
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It measures electrons that leak or tunnel from the surface of a specimen. It can magnify up to 100,0000.
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What type of microscope did Anton Van Leuuwenhoek make and use?
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He used a simple microscope.
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Who are the 3 most important scientists who helped to develop the cell theory?
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Schleiden,Schwann, and Virchow?
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What did Schleiden contribute to the development of cell theory?
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He was a botanist who concluded that all plants are made up of cells.
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What did Schwann contribute to the cell theory?
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He was a zoologist who concluded that all animals are made of cells.
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What did Virchow contribute to the cell theory?
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He proposed that new cells are formed from cells that already exist: All cells come from other cells.
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What is magnification?
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The ability to make things look larger.
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What is Resolution?
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The ability to distinguish the individual parts of an object.(Sharpness of an image)
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How does a light microscope magnify an object?
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Light microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them.
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What happeneds to light rays as they pass through a convex lens?
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incoming light rays bend as they pass through the lens.
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How is the total magnification of a light microscope determined?
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You multiply the magnification of the ocular times the objective.
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How does a electron microsope differ from a light microscope.
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Electron microscope uses a beam of electrons and can magnify many more times. A light microscope uses light. Electron microscopes can also obtain pictures of extremely small objects.
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What do we mean by the structure of a living thing?
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The structure is determined by the way cells are arranged and put together.
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What do we mean by the function of living things?
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The function are the processes that enable it to stay alive and reproduce.
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Explain this statement: Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms.
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Cells are the building blocks of living things and they do the functions that enable the living thing to stay alive.
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What does a microscope enable people to do?
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See incredibly small organisms or objects magnified so you can see them clearly.
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Sumarize Hookes observations of cork under a microscope.
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He observed empty spaces in the cork called cells.
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Use the ideas of Virchow to explain why plastic plants and stuffed animals are not allive.
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Virchow stated that Cells come from other cells and living things come from other living things and plastic plants and stuffed animals didn't come from a living thing. they came from a factory.
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Arm
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Supports the body tube.
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Eyepiece
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Contains the magnifying lens you look through. usually 10x
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Bodytube
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Maintains the proper distance between the eyepeice and objective lens.
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Nosepeice
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Holds high and low power objective lenses. and can be rotated to change magnification.
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A microscope has a 10x ocular and a 10x objective. What is the total magnification when using thse lenses?
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100x
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Stageclip
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Holds the slide in place
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Stage
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Supports the slide being viewed.
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Diaphragm
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Regulates the amount of light let into the body tube.
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Mirror
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Directs the light upward through the diaphragm through the specimen and the lenses.
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Base
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Supports the microscope
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Coarse adjustment knob
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Moves the body tube up and down for focussing.
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Fine adjustment Knob
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Moves the body tube slightly, to sharpen the image.
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How do you carry a microscope?
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With 2 hands, one on the base and one on the arm.
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What is the smallest and largest oppening for the diaphragm.
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1 is the smallest and 5 is the largest.
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What magnification should you always start with when your using the microscope?
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Low power microscope.
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Which adjustment knobs can be used with low power?
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First coarse adjustment then fine adjustment.
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Which adjustment knobs can be used with high power?
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Fine adjustment only, never use coarse adjustment with high power.
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A student observes a specimen under low power, he switches to high power and the specimen is not in his field of view?
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Go back to low power, center the specimen and go to high power.
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What happens to the brightness of the field when you switch from low to high power?
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The field of view gets darker.
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What happens to the magnification when you switch from low to high power?
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It increases.
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Suppose your field of view is too dark, what could you do to fix it?
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Adjust the diaphragm or go back to low power.
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Who made the first compound microscope?
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Dutch eyeglass makers Zacharias and Hans Janssen.
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Who made the modern compound light microscope?
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German scientist Ernst Abbe and Carl Zeiss.
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