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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Personality |
Things about you that won't change over time. ( relatively stable core of traits) |
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Personality testing is used in clinical psychology to do what? (3 reasons) |
1. To provide a diagnosis 2. To understand how someone functions(strengths & weaknesses) 3. Guide treatment |
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Devices for personality testing |
1) interview 2) structured or objective personality test 3)projective tests 4) thematic apperception test |
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Interview Personality Testing |
Fastest and most popular way assessing personality +- gives lots of info in a short amount of time Negative- people can lie |
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Objective personality tests |
Asked questions about self, usually pencil and paper test |
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MMPI2 personality test |
Most popular personality test- 567 true and false questions. Diagnose severe psychological disorders |
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Projective test |
More difficult to take- no right or wrong answers Client will project unconscious thoughts and feelings onto the task. Poorest reliability and validity |
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Thematic Apperception test |
30 cards with pictures of people Tell story about each card- learn about clients innovations, defenses, approach to life |
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Rorschach |
Swiss psychiatrist- created blotto game -10 ink blots ask people what they see |
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Personality theories |
1)Psychodynamic/psychoanalytic theory (freud) 2) Humanistic Theory 3) Sociocultural theory 4) Cognitive- behavioral theory |
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Psychodynamic/psychoanalytic theory (freud) |
-Projective testing -Personality is determined by unconscious conflicts and impulses -Goal- insight and awareness of unconscious issues -unconcious issues before age 5 - pessimistic & deterministic theory |
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Humanistic theory |
Most optimistic of personality -humans are inherently good, free will, freely choose -take responsibility for own actions |
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Maslow (what motivates us) |
Self actualization- says we are born with this, inner drive to become the best person we are capable of becoming |
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People that reach self actualization are..? (4 traits) |
1) life long learners 2) Asthetic appreciation 3) personality integration 4) FLOW- loose track of time because so immerse into something |
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Sociocultural theory |
How personality is shaped by culture and social forces (region, governments, religion, etc) |
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Cognitive-behavorial theory |
A) radical behavorisom- personality is merely a label - summary of learned behaviors in certain situations B) social learning theory- our behavior is influenced by both reinforcement history and thoughts/beliefs |
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Albert Bandura |
modeling Self-efficacy- belief that one can be successful accomplishing goals |
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Julian Rotter |
Locus of control- what controls/directs our behavior |
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Internal Locus of Control |
You control your behavior |
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External locus of control |
Others control your behavior |
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Sigmund Freud |
Austrian Nerologists -profile writer- wrote about treatment cases -developed lousy scientific theory of personality- can't trust them scientifically |
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So why do we study Freud |
-1st individual to take childhood seriously & look at how our child good effects adulthood - developed psychoanalysis - his ideas have greatly influenced western culture |
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Personality theory |
Tries to understand conflict within humans between our passion & rational sides |
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3 structures of personality in constant conflict |
ID -super ego - ego |
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ID |
- our oldest most primitive structure-based off pleasure principle-wants immediate gratification |
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Super ego |
Conscience- based on morality principle- do what is right in regards to society |
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Ego |
Self or I- conscious self- parts you are aware of -operates on reality principle -middle man- needs to meet ID demands in a way acceptable to our super ego |
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Psychodynamic theory |
Developed by more contemporary followers of Freud. -believe ego is a stronger structure -less emphasizes on sex and more on social forces Same- both talk about unconscious and early childhood |
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Defense mechanisms that help ego |
1. Protects ego from anxiety 2. Distorts reality for us |
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Freud's psychosexual stage theory |
To explain why some adults develop emotional problems - believed they were related to early childhood experiences (0-5) |
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Libido |
Storehouse of all sensual pleasurable energy -basic motivator of behavior -shifted to different regions of body during different developmental ages |
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5 stages of libido |
1. Oral stage 2. Anal stage 3. Phallic stage 4. Latency stage 5. Genital stage |
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Orally dependent |
Older kids/adults- sucking on blanket, smoking, or drinking to excess. Orally aggressive-biter |
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Anal stage |
(1-1/2 - 3 yrs) potty training -libido shifts to anal region - children see bowl movement as valuable. - too strict- anal retentive fixation occurs- orderly, stubborn & stingy To lax- anal expulsive fixation-self confident, insensitive to others |
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Phallic stage |
(3-5) libido shifts to the genitals l. - children become interested in genitals & genitals stimulation -girls developed penis envy |
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Oedipal complex |
Little boys want moms attention & get rid of dad. -develope castration anxiety -take on dad's morals and values |
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Electra complex |
Girls want to marry dad and get rid of mom - eventually girls start to identify with mom -girls super ego is from moms morals and values |
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Latency |
Libido is inactive Focus on peers and school Super ego further developes Developed defense mechanism |
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Genital stage |
13yrs and up Libido returns to genitals with puberty |
