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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If ____ is found to be low it could indicate anemia or an iron deficiency.
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hemoglobin
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If _____, ______, or _______ are found to be low it could indicate malnutrition.
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albumin, urinary creatinine, total lymphocyte count
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If ____ is found to be low it could indicate protein loss or iron deficiency anemia.
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transferrin
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If the _____ is found to be low it could indicate starvation or malnutrition. If it is high it could indicate a hgih protein diet.
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BUN
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A body weight of gretaer than 20% below the ideal weight, reported food intake less than RDA, weight loss with adequate food intake and pale conjunctiva and mucous membranes are characteristics of ______.
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Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
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A body weight of 10-20% more than ideal body weight and a triceps skin fold more than 25mm in women or 15mm in men is characteristic of...
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Imbalanced nutrition; more than body requirements
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A ____ diet is used prior to surgery and after surgery until bowel sounds return.
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NPO
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A _____ diet is temporary and consists of anything that you can read newsprint thru. water, tea, bouillon, broth, fruit juice, jello, coffee, carbonated beverages, popsicles
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Clear liquid
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A ____ diet is used for transition and includes milk, fruit/vegetable juice, ice cream, pudding, custard, strained soups and anything from clear liquids.
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Full liquid
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A ____ diet can be long term and consists of foods that have been blenderized to liquid form. The consistency could be honey or nectar thick based ont he client's needs.
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Pureed
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A _____ diet consists of foods that are easy to chew for clients with dental pain or are endentulous.
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soft mechanical
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A ____ diet is often part of transitioning for a patient with GI issues and contains foods that are easily digested. Avoids raw fruits and vegetables, coarse grain breads and cereals, potentially gas forming foods and highly seasoned foods.
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Soft GI diet (bland or low fiber)
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Diet modifications for ____ include modifications of Na, K, protein and fluids.
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renal disease
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Diet modifications for _____ include restricted Na and protein.
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liver disease
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If a patient is in a hepatic coma, protein is _____.
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eliminated
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Diet modifications for _____ include CHO count.
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diabetes
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Diet modifications for _____ include restrictions on Na and fluids.
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CHF
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Diet modifications for _____ include restrictions on Na, calories, and fat.
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Coronary artery disease
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Diet modifications for _____ include resrtictions on Na.
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hypertension
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A patient with chronic renal failure and no dialysis will have restrictions on K and ____ but a patient on dialysis will be restricted with Na and K but be allowed higher amounts of ____ because it washes out in dialysis.
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protein
protein |
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3 reasons for enteral nutrition include:
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-provide nutrients to clients unable to take food by mouth
-suction gastric content -lavage the stomach |
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Direct delivery of nutrients into the GI system bypassing the mouth is ______.
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enteral nutrition
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A _____ tube has short term use, is inserted through the nose into the stomach, has a large diameter, and can be used with continuous or bolus feedings.
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Nasogastric
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A _____ tube is inserted through the nose into the intestine with a guide wire. It has a small diameter has a mercury weight to keep it in place and can be used for continuous or bolus feedings. It is more comfortable.
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Nasointestinal/nasoenteric
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Assessing for placement of a nasogastric tube is done by...
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aspirating for gastric contents
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Assessing for placement of a nasointestinal/nasoenteric tube consists of...
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using fluoroscopy
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Levine and Salem Sump are types of _____ tubes.
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nasogastric
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A Dobhoff is a _______ tube.
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nasointestinal/nasoenteric
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A ______ is inserted into the stomach from outside and can be used for continuous or bolus feedings. It bypasses the mouth and esophagus and is good for long term use.
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gastrostomy
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A _____ is inserted into the jejunum from outside and can be used for continuous feedings only. A pump with a slow gravity drip must be used.
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jejunostomy
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A ____ enteral feeding formula consists of 1kcal/mL- 14% protein, 30% fat, 60% CHO, and RDA of vitamins and minerals. It meets general needs.
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Complete
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The ____ enteral feeding formula provides 1.5-2.0 kcal/ml.
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high calorie complete
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The ______ is the same as the complete except it has added fiber and no lactose.
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complete lactose free, high residue
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Metabolic complications of enteral nutrition include:
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-overhydration
-hyperglycemia -hyperkalemia -hypokalemia -hynatremia |
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Enteral nutrition feedings should be started at about ____mL/hr.
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40-50
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Gastrointestinal complications of enteral nutrition include:
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-nausea and vomiting
-cramping and bloating -diarrhea -constipation |
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Mechanical complications of nasoenteric tubes include:
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-nasal erosions
-nasal septal abscess -acute otitis media -hoarseness -gagging |
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TPN is always ____ based at least 10%.
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Dextrose
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Components of TPN are:
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-dextrose
-water -electrolytes -lipids -proteins -vitamins -minerals |
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____ provides all necessary calories, is hypertonic, requires BG monitoring, and is modified to each client's needs.
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TPN
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Acceptable reasons to interrupt TPN include:
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-clumping
-oily looking substance -separation of lipids from other solution -discoloration -bag hanging more than 24hrs |
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Complications of TPN include:
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-infection/sepsis
-fluid/electolyte imbalance -hyperglycemia -air embolism -thrombosis/phlebitis -clogged/dislodged catheter -refeeding syndrome |
