Test 4- Application Of Heat And Cold

Front 1

Reasons for using heat and cold application are:

Back 1

-promote wound healing
-facilitate comfort
-knowledge and skill with application
-safety

Front 2

Effects of heat application include:

Back 2

-increased blood flow to the area (vasodilation)
-increases oxygen and nutrients that are getting to the area
-relaxes muscles (pain relief, decrease joint stiffness)

Front 3

Heat application can reduce _____ and block ______ to the brain.

Back 3

muscle spasms
transmission of painful stimuli

Front 4

Therapeutic uses of heat include:

Back 4

-infections
-surgical wounds
-tissue inflammation
-arthritis
-joint and muscle pain
-dysmenorrhea
-chronic pain
-phlebitis

Front 5

Dysmenorrhea is...

Back 5

painful menstrual cramps

Front 6

_____ cannot be used within 24 hours of injury because it increases blood flow to the site which can cause bleeding in open wounds and edema.

Back 6

Heat

Front 7

Heat application should not be prolonged because it can cause ____ cardiac output, ____ pulse and _____ blood pressure. These together are hypovelemic shock.

Back 7

increased CO
increased P
decreased BP

Front 8

____ is generally used after an injury such as a sprain or strain.

Back 8

Cold

Front 9

Effects of cold application include:

Back 9

-vasoconstriction of blood vessels
-decreased blood flow
-decreased muscle spasms
-decreased pain stimuli
-reduction in swelling

Front 10

Application of ____ inhibits release of pain producing substances such as histamines.

Back 10

cold

Front 11

Therapeutic uses of cold include:

Back 11

-dental pain (wisdom teeth removal)
-muscle spasms
-sprains and strains
-fractures
-sports injuries
-trauma
-chronic pain syndromes

Front 12

Prolonged use of cold can cause _____ BP and _____ in an attempt to warm the body up which can eventually cause tissue damage.

Back 12

increased
shivering

Front 13

The appropriate application time for heat is _____.

Back 13

20-30 minutes

Front 14

The appropriate application time for cold is _____.

Back 14

15 minutes

Front 15

Heat applied too long can cause _____ or _____ which can lead to trapped blood and other problems.

Back 15

burns
vasoconstriction

Front 16

Cold applied too long can cause ______.

Back 16

frost bite

Front 17

Skin ____ to heat and cold which explains why the first exposure causes strong stimulation but lessens with subsequent exposures.

Back 17

adapts

Front 18

Assessment during the use of heat and cold should include:

Back 18

-length of time applied
-body part
-skin intact (open wounds more sensitive)
-size of application (larger the are the more likely to get systemic effects)
-age (infants, children, elderly- more susceptible to temp changes)
-physical condition (certain disease processes alter patient response to temperature change.

Front 19

People with _____ feel cold more profoundly than others.

Back 19

metallic replacements

Front 20

Examples of dry heat are:

Back 20

-hot water bottles
-heat pads
-heat lamps

Front 21

____ are often used for pressure ulcers especially if they are soupy because it helps dry them out.

Back 21

Heat lamps

Front 22

When using a heat pad the patient should not...

Back 22

-lay on top of the pad
-use metal fixtures to close cover
-use it without a cover

Front 23

Temperature on the heating pad should never be above ____.

Back 23

105 degrees

Front 24

Examples of moist heat are:

Back 24

-moist compresses
-sitz baths
-warm soaks

Front 25

____ are a way of applying heated water to the perineal area.

Back 25

Sitz baths

Front 26

_____ are a way of submerging an entire body part.

Back 26

Warm soaks

Front 27

Examples of dry cold application methods are:

Back 27

-ice packs
-cold packs
-cooling blankets

Front 28

____ are good because the mold easily to the body part.

Back 28

Cold packs

Front 29

_____ are used primarily to cool body temperature. ex. malignant hyperthermia

Back 29

Cooling blankets

Front 30

_____ cold is usually used after dental work and for headaches.

Back 30

Moist

Front 31

Examples of moist cold are:

Back 31

-cold compresses
-alcohol or cold sponge bath

Front 32

A ______ is a moist cold application often used as a comfort measure for terminal patients.

Back 32

tepid sponge bath

Front 33

If acute pain is present in the mouth or abdomen, avoid ____.

Back 33

heat

Front 34

Acute pain in the mouth could be _____.

Back 34

abscess tooth

Front 35

Acute pain in the abdomen could be _____.

Back 35

appendicitis

Front 36

If a patient has circulatory compromise, don't use ____ because it causes vasoconstriction therefore further compromising the circulatory system.

Back 36

cold

Front 37

Patients with sensory deficits should not use _____ applications.

Back 37

heat/cold

Front 38

Patients who are confused or have diabetic neuropathy should not use _____ applications.

Back 38

heat or cold

Front 39

Confused patients should not use heat/cold applications because...

Back 39

they are not aware enough to report pain.

Front 40

Patients with diabetic neuropathy should not use heat/cold applications because...

Back 40

they can't feel it.

Front 41

Patients with metallic implants should not use ______.

Back 41

heat or cold