Test 2 Nursing 112

Front 1

Assessment of the newborn to determine the number of weeks from conception to birth. The determination is based on physical and neurologic characteristics. It is important because neonates born before or after term and those whose size is not appropriate for gestational age are at increased risk for complications.

Back 1

estimation of gestational age

Front 2

In regards to physical maturity of baby, we look at skin ____, ___ ____, ____, ___ form and cartilage

Back 2

lanugo, sole creases, breast, Ear

Front 3

In regards to sole creases, ____ term does not have creases throughout foot but ___ term does

Back 3

pre, full

Front 4

Physical gaging gestational age, the breast bud tissue should be __ mm at full term

Back 4

10

Front 5

The ear form and cartilage of a baby at full term is ___ defined and when you press the oracle forward it should ___ back right away. With a premie baby the ear will ___ go back to normal for a while.

Back 5

well. flip. not

Front 6

Geintals of a full term baby you will see ____ on the sac of the testes. These are the ridges and creases on the ball sac.Pre- term babies the testes will be _______ with no ___ on the testes

Back 6

Rugae. Undescended. Rugae

Front 7

Preterm female genitalia the ____ is more prominent then the ___ _____. and at full term the ___ ___ is more prominent than the ____.

Back 7

clitoris, labia majora. labia majora, clitoris.

Front 8

This is the cheesy looking stuff that covers newborns it protects their skin while in the womb

Back 8

vernix

Front 9

There is alot more vernix on the baby if it is ___ term than if a baby is _____ term

Back 9

pre. full

Front 10

Hair of a preterm baby is ____ and ____. Term babies have ___ _____ of hair.

Back 10

matted, wooley. Single strands

Front 11

True or false. Full term babies have a more firm skull?

Back 11

true

Front 12

Nails of a full term baby is at __ to __ weeks and they extend over the finger tips

Back 12

38 to 40

Front 13

Preterm babies are more ___. Ful term babies are usually in the ___ position

Back 13

flaccid. fetal

Front 14

what is it called when you fold the hand of a baby towards the forearm.

Back 14

square window sign

Front 15

If the hand folds next to the forearm then the baby is at ___ term. If the hand forms a square window then the baby is at ___ term

Back 15

full. pre

Front 16

If you extend the arms and legs of a baby a full term baby should ___ fast. Preterms remain flaccid

Back 16

recoil

Front 17

Posture, square window, recoil, politeal angle, scarf sign, heal to ear, ankle dorsiflexion are signs of what?

Back 17

neuromuscular maturity

Front 18

In popliteal angle of a newborn, when you flex a knee to the abdomen then straighten out the leg.. if the baby resists you then it is a ___ term baby

Back 18

full

Front 19

the scarf sign, draw the arm across the chest to the other shoulder if there is resistance then the baby is _____ term

Back 19

full

Front 20

Heal to ear extension of the baby's leg goes all the way without resistance then the baby is __ term

Back 20

pre

Front 21

Head circumference of a baby is _-__, chest is __-__, crown to rump is __-__, head to heal is __. Weight is __ ___ lbs and pulse is __-__ is normal

Back 21

13-15,12-13,12-14,21,7-7.5,120-160

Front 22

A new born baby should have ___-___ skin

Back 22

pinkish red

Front 23

Cheesy stuff on baby

Back 23

vernix

Front 24

wooley hair on baby

Back 24

lanugo

Front 25

Little white pimples, baby acne

Back 25

milia

Front 26

baby's hands and feet come out blue

Back 26

acrocyanosis

Front 27

Swelling of the scalp of a new born

Back 27

caput succedeum

Front 28

This is the reflex when you touch the roof of the babys mouth

Back 28

sucking reflex

Front 29

This is the reflex when you brush the cheek of a baby and it moves to find the nipple

Back 29

rooting reflex

Front 30

The reflex of baby enclosing toes or fingers around the persons finger

Back 30

grasp reflex

Front 31

this reflex is when you pick up the baby and it gets startled and flings its hands straight out in a C portion.

Back 31

The moro reflex

Front 32

This reflex is when the baby turns its head to one side and then the limbs on that side straighten out but the limbs on the opposite side flex

Back 32

tonic neck reflex

Front 33

This medicine is used to prevent eye infection in new borns and to prevent potential blindness. This is put in every baby

Back 33

erythromycin

Front 34

In new born care it is very important to keep the umbilicus ___. If it does get wet you should wipe it down with alcohol.

Back 34

dry

Front 35

In new born care this is the removal of foreskin

Back 35

circumcision

Front 36

Youneed to give this vitamin to babies because of the blood clotting factor. In new borns this is supplemented for the first 8 days

Back 36

Vitamin K

Front 37

How many kcalories should a newborn take in

Back 37

50-55kcal/lbs/day

Front 38

Is forumula or cows milk better for the baby?

Back 38

formula

Front 39

Supplements should only be recommended by a physician?

Back 39

True

Front 40

Which vitamin is the most important for women to take? It determines defects on the fetus?

Back 40

Folic acid

Front 41

the involuntary action of milk stimulation of oxytocin.

Back 41

let down reflex

Front 42

white cream colored vaginal dischrage

Back 42

lochia alba

Front 43

bright red vaginal discharge

Back 43

lochia rubra

Front 44

pink or brown tinged vaginal discharge

Back 44

lochia serosa

Front 45

the cutting of the perineum to help with birth process

Back 45

episiotomy

Front 46

vital signs of newborns: RR=__, _-__ seconds of apnea, P=__-__ bpm, BP TERM __-__ Preterm __/__, T=__-__, rectal __-__

Back 46

30-60, 5-15, 120-160, 74/47, 64/39, 97.7 to 99.1, 97.7 to 99.8

Front 47

Heat loss do to drafts or air

Back 47

convection

Front 48

Heat loss due to sun or being near a window

Back 48

radiation

Front 49

Heat loss due to being wet

Back 49

evaporation

Front 50

The first stool a a baby passes at birth a black tarry green messy stool. Passes within 12 hours of birth

Back 50

meconium

Front 51

This stool follows the meconium. It is a mix of meconium and milk stools. Thin brown and green.

Back 51

transitional

Front 52

This type of stool is seedy, mustard and sweet-sour smell, soft and mushy

Back 52

breast fed babies

Front 53

This stool is pale yellow, formed and pasty

Back 53

bottle fed babies

Front 54

Breast fed babies poop ___ than bottle fed babies. Voids are scanty at first because baby is not well ___.

Back 54

more, hydrated.

Front 55

this birth injury is edema of the soft scalp

Back 55

caput succedaneum

Front 56

this birth injury is the blood in the soft scalp of tissue

Back 56

cephalhematoma

Front 57

This birth injury is bleeding in between duran and the brain

Back 57

subdural hematoma

Front 58

The most common fracture in the birthing process

Back 58

clavical

Front 59

Pressure on the facial nerve, forceps can cause this, loss of movement in the face after baby is born

Back 59

facial paralysis

Front 60

at birth This is lack of movment of an extremity injury to the brachial nerve may result in the paralysis of the shoulder and arm muscles. Range of motion is performed on this.

Back 60

Erb's palsy

Front 61

Hypoglycemia in the newborn appears within __-__ hours after delivery of babies with diabetic mothers

Back 61

2- 4

Front 62

Hypoglycemia is serum glucose of < __ mgdl

Back 62

40

Front 63

S/s of hypoglycemia in the newborn. Jittery irritable,tremors, The treatment is to feed the baby early

Back 63

info

Front 64

Do narcotics pass the placental barrier?

Back 64

yes

Front 65

Infants with drug addicted mothers get addicted ____.

Back 65

passively

Front 66

Narcotic addicted infants go thru withdrawal, they are irritable, poor sucking an swallowing reflexes. We can not give ___, but unfortunately need to give them a drug to eventually wing them off

Back 66

narcan.

Front 67

the chronic or periodic intake of alcohol during pregnancy. Alcohol is considered teratongenic. It causes slow growth after birth, facial abnormalities, short upturn noses, small lips, limb abnormalities. Developmentally delayed

Back 67

FAS

Front 68

Infants born prior to 38 week sgestation

Back 68

premature

Front 69

This is inflammatoin of ovaries, fallopian tubes and peritoneum

Back 69

Pelvic Inflammatory disease

Front 70

s/s of this female reprodcutive problems. Fever chills discharge, intercourse can be painful, spotting after intercourse

Back 70

PID

Front 71

This female reproductive problem that lies within the uterus, sometimes cells are in tubes or uterus. They have heavy bleeding during periods, adhesions and cysts

Back 71

Endometriosis

Front 72

This medication stops ovulation.

Back 72

danazol

Front 73

benign tumors on the ovaries. The cause of these are unknwon. There are almost no symptoms usually. Laparotomy or laprascopy is used to remove these

Back 73

ovarian cysts

Front 74

The most common tumor of the female genital tract. They are estrogen dependent and go away once menopause hits.

Back 74

uterine fibroids

Front 75

breast changes during the reproductive years. fibrosis or thickening of the normal breat tissue, occurs in early stages. Cysts form in the latter stages and are felt as multiple, smooth, well-delineated nodules that have a tender, moveable character. the lumpy, rubbery, rope-like nodules vary in size for less than 1 cm to sever cm.

Back 75

fibrocystic breast changes

Front 76

The best time to do a self breast exam is right after your period when breasts are not tneder or swollen. Do it on the same day every month

Back 76

info

Front 77

IN breast exams use the 3 middle fingers. There are 3 ways of doing it.. one is ciruclar, starting from the inside going up and down working out. then piece of pizza working out towards the aereola

Back 77

info

Front 78

Mammograms should be done every year after the age of )).

Back 78

40

Front 79

an inflammatory condition o fthe breast that occurs most frequently in lactating women

Back 79

mastitis

Front 80

Mastitis is usually caused by carcked or infected nipples.

Back 80

true

Front 81

This is the inflammation of the breast, usually caused by engorgement withh stasis of milk in the ducts or by infection. The best thing to do to prevent mastitis is washing of hands. latch on properly and take cood care of nipples

Back 81

Mastitis

Front 82

risk factors for breast cancer
female
age 50 or over
family history
personal history of breast cancer, colon cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer
early menarche (period) < 12 late menopause >55,
fist time prego after age 30
benign breast disease with atypical epithelial
hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ
weight gain and obesity after menopause
exposure to ionizing radiation

Back 82

Breast cancer

Front 83

This type of breast cancer arrises from the epithilial lining of the ducts. Ductal carcinomas tned to be unilateral and if left untreated it will develop into invasive breast cancer

Back 83

noninvasive breast cancer

Front 84

rare malignancy, persistency lesion of the nipple and areole with or without palpable mass. . may have itching burning bloody nipple discharge, maybe some superficial erosion and may have some ulceration

Back 84

pagets disease

Front 85

most malignant form all of the breast cancers.. it is rare. if women does have this, it is fast growing. skin of breast looks red, warm, looks like orange peel appearance.. dimpling. metastasis quickly. treatment radiation, chemo and hormone therapy.

Back 85

inflammatory breast cancer

Front 86

breast cancer happens in any area.. but in the upper outer quadrant is more prominent. if palpable-hard non mobile…non tender. some cancers will cause nipple discharge. breast tissue can get hard, orange peel.

Back 86

info

Front 87

The swelling of arms due to accumulation of lymph in small tissue and occurs as a result of excision or radiation of lymph nodes

Back 87

lymphedema

Front 88

Estrogen feeds ___-

Back 88

cancer

Front 89

what are job sleeves

Back 89

helps push fluid backup away from arms in lymphedema

Front 90

The study of breast tissue using very low dose of radiography. Women shoul d ahve this yearly starting at age 40

Back 90

mammogram

Front 91

This cancer is generally slow growing, more post-menopausal, 61 is the average age for diagnosis. risk factors are obesity, estrogen gets stored in fat cells, family history, colon rectal cancer, etc. s/s most times post-menopausal, have abnormal uterin bleeding, pain is later in the disease, uterus enlarges. treatment is surgery

Back 91

cancer of the uterus

Front 92

this cancer is slow growing and hits at a yonger age 30-50yoa. It is more non-invasive but gradually becomes invasive. S/S is vaginal discharge, spotting in b/t periods, late s/s is dark foul vaginal discharge. Gardacel is a vaccination given

Back 92

cancer of the cervix.

Front 93

a malignant neoplasm of the ovaries. Early on you have no sypmtoms. ascites, edema cramps are s/s. Family history of this cancer.

Back 93

ovarian cancer

Front 94

This genes are tumor suppressor genes that inhibit tumor gorwth when functioning normally. They are on chromosomes 17 and 11

Back 94

BRCA

Front 95

This is caused by stretching and weakiening of ligaments that support the uterus and perineum, the bladder sags below the uterus and presses agains vaginal wall . difficulty emptying bladder. repair- anterior colporrhaphy

Back 95

cytocele

Front 96

this happens when the vaginal wall weakens and rectum herniates into the vagina. the correction is a posterior colporrhaphy

Back 96

rectocele

Front 97

The displacement of uerus into the vaginal canal. The only thing to prevent that is keagle exercises and they a hysterrectomy

Back 97

uterine prolapse

Front 98

a device that is placed in the vagina to support the uterus

Back 98

pessary ring

Front 99

This sexually transmitted disease is called the clap or drip. Most women are asymptomatic. High risk women are screened during prenatal exam. Purulent yellowish green discharge. Dysuria and urinary frequency and swelling of vulva is s/s. Antibiotics can be used to treat it.

Back 99

Gonnorhea

Front 100

This std can cause babies to go blind.

Back 100

Gonnorhea

Front 101

This std can be treated at any of its stages. This STD can invade any part of the body. This is supposively not painful.

Back 101

syphilis

Front 102

This is effects of what std on a newborn: asymptomatic or enlarged liver and spleen, jaundice, lymphadenophaty, anemia, rhinitis, pink or copper-colored peeling rash, pneumonitis, osteochondritis, cns involvment. penicillin is usually ordered for this

Back 102

Syphilis

Front 103

The effects of this STD on a new born is conjucntivitis and erythromycin is given.

Back 103

Gonnorhea

Front 104

Stages of syphillis
The appearance of chancre on penis or vulva, lips, tongue hands. Exudates from lesions are highly contagious. 2-8 weeks

Back 104

primary

Front 105

S/s of this stage of syphilis is low-grade fever, headache, anorexia, weight loss, anemia. Exudates from lesions highly contagious, blood contains organisms now. appears 2-4 weeks after chancre appear

Back 105

secondary

Front 106

In this stage of syphilis, there are no s/s. It is contagious for 2 years but after that it is not contagious. Blood contains organisms but may be transmittted placentally to fetus. 5-20 years

Back 106

latent

Front 107

This stage of syphillis is terminal if not treated. Tumorlike mass an any area of body. causes heart problems, impaired judgement. etc etc. It is noncontagious; spinal fluid may contain organisms

Back 107

late

Front 108

This type of STD is cold soars which is type 1 and then type 2 is below the belt. THe primary episode is usually the worst. You never get rid of this.

Back 108

genital herpes

Front 109

You can never get rid of herpes

Back 109

true

Front 110

Valtrex is a treatment of herpes

Back 110

true

Front 111

Gram negative bacteria, most common reported STD in the US. Spread by sexual contact for adults and to children thru birth canal. If left untreated cause blindness in infant

Back 111

chlamydia

Front 112

The s/s of this infection is thin purulent discharge, burning and frequence with urination and lower abdominal pain. Can be asymptomatic while others have vaginal discharge, coitius hurts and urination hurts. Men have urethritis or epididymitis.

Back 112

chlamydia

Front 113

DX: blood tests that detects antibodies
TX: amoxicilin, e-mycin, leavaquin, zithromax

Back 113

Chlamydia

Front 114

This infection can cause eye infections and pheumonia of newborn and is responsible for premature labor and fetal death

Back 114

chlamydia

Front 115

this is caused by HIV, and is a fatal disorder. It enters body sexually or via blood. Decreases body's immune responses, incubation period of 5-7 years.

Back 115

AIDS

Front 116

which STD: s/s adults fatigue, anemia, weight loss, lympadenopathy, diarrhea, fever, neurologic dysfunction

Back 116

AIDS

Front 117

In pregnancy this can pass to the fetus as early as 1st trimester transplacentally, during labor and birth by ingestion of maternal blood or infected fluids or thru breast milk. Can give antiretroviral drug during pregnancy to decrease the chance of transmission.

Back 117

AIDS

Front 118

S/S of infatns and children with this diesase: microcephaly, large lips, prominent boxlike forehead. wide set eyes, flattened nose. increase in liver and spleen.

Back 118

aids

Front 119

T
O
R
C
H

Back 119

Toxplasmosis
other
rubella
cytomegalovirus
herpes genitalia

Front 120

This is a protozoan parasite infection if gotten during pregnancy may be passed on to the fetus transplacentally. Can be contracted by eating raw or poorly cooked pork or by inadequate handwashing after handling cat feces

Back 120

toxoplasmosis

Front 121

S/S for adults with this disease: may have rash, malaise or spleenomegaly

Back 121

toxoplasmosis

Front 122

S/s for fetus, infant with this disease is severe damage to the fetus if infected prior to 20 weeks gestation. May result in abortion, still birth neonatal death., severe congeintal anomalies

Back 122

toxoplasmosis

Front 123

DX: blood test for antibodies
TX sulffadiazine

Back 123

Toxoplasmosis

Front 124

Other in torch:

Back 124

gonorrhea, shyphilis, HPV, HIV

Front 125

These are the geman measles. A mild, febrile, highly infection viral disease. All children and young women should be vaccinated but not while the woman is pregnant. This can cause a chronic infection in the fetus. Begins in the 1st timester and persists after birth. If born with this needs to be isolated.

Back 125

rubella

Front 126

S/s: infant may be born asymptomatic or with heart defects, IUGR, cataracts mental retardation with rubella. The baby needs to be isolated

Back 126

Rubella

Front 127

Tx: Prevention is the only effective protection for the fetus.

Back 127

RUbella

Front 128

This Torch disease is part of the herpes virus group. The most prevalent of the TORCH group. Some have antibodies for this virus. Many infections are asymptomatic or produce minimal symptoms

Back 128

cytomegalovirus

Front 129

The Primary infection of this is most dangerous to the fetus Can be passsed on to the fetus tansplacentally or through the vaginal route during delivery or breast milk. The virus is in the urine, saliva, cervical mucus, feces and breast m ilk

Back 129

CMV

Front 130

S/s of this TORCH disease is enlarged spleen and liver, CNS abnormalities. THis is the leading cause of hearing loss in children and routine newborn hearing screens help id the loss early

Back 130

cytomegalovirus

Front 131

NO effective therapy available for this torch disease

Back 131

CMV

Front 132

agents that stimulate uterie contractions, they accelerate childbirth

Back 132

Oxytocics

Front 133

This medication produces strong, prompt contractions of the uterine smooth muscle. This evacuates the uterus if incomplete abortion. Route is by vaginal suppository. Reactions may be H/A, N/V, hypotension, fever, shivering, chills. Nursing consideration after giving birth place in spuine position for at least 10 minutes. Abortion is complete within 30 hours. May repeat 3 to 5 hours prn.

Back 133

Prostin E2

Front 134

This medication selectively stimulates smooth muscle of uterus, stimulates mammary gland which promotes let-down reflex of breast milk.

Back 134

Oxytocin (pitocin)

Front 135

The route of this medication is IV gradually increase to induce or agument labor. IM or IV after dlivery of placenta to stimulate uterine contractions and conrol uterine atony. Adverse reactions: hyptension, tachycardia, N/V... Do not use this in fetal distress. Discontinue if contractions are more than every 2 minutes or larst longer than 90 seconds

Back 135

oxtocin (pitocin)

Front 136

These medications are important in the development of the female reprodcutive system and secondary sex characteristics, They affect the release of pituitary gonadotropins; cause capillary dilatation, fluid retention, protein anabolism. Inhibits ovulation and prevents postpartum breast discomfort

Back 136

estrogen

Front 137

Examples of ____ are prmarin and estradiol

Back 137

estrogen

Front 138

These medications respond in secretory changes in the endometrium an increase in bbt, relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle. Examples of this is provera and megace

Back 138

progesterone

Front 139

this relieves moderate to severe pain, decreases the perception of pain

Back 139

narcotic analgesics

Front 140

this is an opiod agonist-antagonist analgesic. it binds with opiate receptors- altes the perceoption and emotional response to moderate to severe pain

Back 140

Nubain

Front 141

Dosage of nubain is 10-20 mg route is sc im iv.. Adverse reactions: sedation, respiratory depression, monitor vital signs.

Back 141

info

Front 142

oxycodone ( percocet acetaminiphen) (percodan- aspirin) binds with opiate receptors

Back 142

info

Front 143

This drug displaces narcotic analgesic from receptors.

Back 143

narcan

Front 144

Tucks is the active ingredient, witch hazel-local soothing and cooling action for vagiinal infections, hemorrhoids, postepisiotomy discomfort, post hemorroidectomy.

Back 144

astringents

Front 145

this is a suppostitory, ____ has a antispasmotic action and ____ is the narcotic relaxes smooth muscles and depresses cns.

Back 145

belladona and opium

Front 146

This chart is used between the age of 3 and the age they can read the alphabet. ahslo helpful in children with mental retardation of those who speak a foreign language.

Back 146

Preschool E chart

Front 147

Child stand 20 ft from chart read first with R eye then L eye then both. Begin at the 40 ft line and work downward until the child passes all lines or cannot read the majority of they symbols on a line.

Back 147

preschool E chart.

Front 148

bening tumors on breastss are usually bilateral/unilateral. Malignant breast tumors are found on inner/outer quandrant or in central nipple portion. Malignant breast cancer is usually multiple/single. Breast malignancy is usuall moveable/nonmoveable, tendor/nontendor, has/does not have niple retraction with unilateral blood discharge

Back 148

bilateral, outer, single, nonmoveable, has

Front 149

simple removal of the tumor mass.

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 149

lumpectomy

Front 150

partial removal of tumor mass and 2.5 to 7.5 of surrounding tissue.

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous
masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 150

partial masectomy

Front 151

removal of allunderlying breast tissue, leaving skin, areola, and nipple entact

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 151

subcutaneous mastectomy

Front 152

removal of entire breast but not axillary nodes

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 152

simple mastectomy

Front 153

complete mreoval of breast andremoval of some axilllary lymph nodes

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 153

modified radical mastectomy

Front 154

complete removal of breast, axillary lymph nodes, pectroalis muscle

lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, subcutaneous masetectomy, simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy

Back 154

radical mastectomy

Front 155

this is the nueromuscular maturity scoring

Back 155

ballard score

Front 156

protrusion of abdominal contents through inguinal canal into the scrotum

Back 156

inqinal hernia

Front 157

fluid in the scrotum

Back 157

hydrocele

Front 158

narrowing or stenosis of the preutial opening of the foreskin

Back 158

phimosis

Front 159

urethral opening located behind the glans penis o anwhere along the ventral surface of the penile shaft

Back 159

hypospadias

Front 160

ventral curvature of penis

Back 160

chordee

Front 161

meatal opening located on dorsal surfaace of penis

Back 161

epispadias

Front 162

failure of one or both testes to descend normall

Back 162

cryptorchidism

Front 163

eversion of posterior bladder through anterior bladder wall and lower abdominal wall; associated withopen pubic arch

Back 163

exstrophy of bladder

Front 164

This is a cross between male and femail genitalia.

Back 164

ambiguous genitalia

Front 165

The most common UTI is what?

Back 165

echoli

Front 166

the most common renal tumor in children. The cause is unknown. It is cancerous

Back 166

wilms tumor

Front 167

The wilms tumor arises from the renal nephons. It matastizes quickly usually to the ____.

Back 167

lungs

Front 168

Bourn without iris

Back 168

aniridia

Front 169

Mangament is surgery to reduce size of wilms tumor. Not suppose to palpate this be careful while btathing. Moms and dads find out because diaper doesn't fit. It can be bilateral or unilateral. The tumor does___ cross over the midline of hte body. If suruved 15% chance another cancer will shop w up. If no chemo or radiation after removal life span is 1 to 2 years

Back 169

not

Front 170

inqinial hernias occur more in __- than ____ . can be bilateral

Back 170

boys than girls

Front 171

Inginal hernias can fall back into place when laying down. Restrictions should be put on infant.

Back 171

true