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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensoryneurons |
nerve cells that carry messages from thecells in the sense organs to the cns |
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Somaticnervous system |
a part of the nervous system thecoordinates the movement of the body and receives information from the sensoryneurons |
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Stimuli |
any factor that stimulates a receptor andbrings about a response |
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sympathetic nervous system |
part of the nervous system that speeds upthe function of the body and makes the body more efficient. |
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synapse |
the space between two neurons |
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adrenal glands |
endocrineglands situated on the kidneys |
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adrenalin |
thecommon name for the hormone epinephrine |
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antidiuretichormon |
a hormonethat controls the amount of urine produced in the body |
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endocrine glands |
glands that produce hormones |
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endochrine system |
all the endocrine glands in the body |
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endothermic |
ableto maintain a constant body temperature |
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epinephrine |
a hormoneproduced in the adrenal glands, it is commonly known as adrenalin3#?w |
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glycogen |
a chemical store of glucose in the liver and muscle |
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glucagon |
a hormone that has the opposite effect of insulin. it releases glucose from stores in the liver and muscles |
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homeostasis |
the process of maintaining a constant internal environment. |
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hormones |
chemical substance that acts as a messenger in the body |
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hypathalamus |
a portion of the brain that checks the internal environment of the body |
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insulin |
hormone produced in the pancreas that causes the liver and muscles to extract glucose from the blood stream and stores in the liver and muscles |
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metabolism |
all the chemical reactions occurring in the cells |
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pituitary gland |
the endochrine gland that controls the activities of the other endocrine glands, often called the master gland |
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target cells |
the cells on which a hormone acts |
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autonomic nervous system |
the system controlling involuntary actions such as heartbeat |
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axon |
a nerve fiber that sends nerve impulses away from the body |
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brain stem |
part of the brain where the spinal cord enters the skull; it controls the bodies vital function such as breathing, blood pressure and heart rate. |
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cell body |
part of the neuron that contains the nucleus |
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central nervous system |
the brain and spinal cord |
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cerebellum |
part of the brain that is responsible for coordination and balance |
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cerebrum |
part of the brain that controls conscious thoughts. controls the movement of every body part and receives sensory messages from each body part |
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dendrites |
branches from the cell body that receive messages from other neurons |
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effectors |
muscles or glands that put the messages into effect |
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medulla |
the lower half of the brain stem |
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motor neurons |
nerve cells that carry messages from the CNS to effectors |
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myelin sheath |
the insulating layer that covers a neuron |
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nerve impulse |
the electrical message carried by a nerve cell |
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neuron |
a nerve cell |
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neurotransmitter |
a chemical message released at the end of the axon to be received by the next neurons axon |
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optic nerve |
the nerve that carries messages to the brain from the retina at the back of the eye |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
part of the nervous system that slows the body down and controls it when resting |
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peripheral nervous system |
the nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system and other parts of the body |
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receptors |
special cells that detect stimuli |
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reflex actions |
quick, automatic actions that protect the body from danger; they are also known as reflexes |
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reflex arc |
the nerve pathway operating in a reflex action |
