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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Anticipatory Socialization

Socialization directed toward learning future marriage roles.

Dating

A process of pairing off that involves the open choice of mates and engagement in activities that allow people to get to know each other and progress toward coupling and mate selection.

Mate Selection

Behaviors and social relationships individuals engage in prior to marriage that lead to long or short-term pairing or coupling whether or not they culminate in legal marriage.

Marriage Market

We enter the mate selection process with certain resources and we trade these resources for the best offer we can get.

Pool of Eligible

The people whom our society has defined as acceptable marriage partners for us. This consists of people of the same race, class, and educational level as ourselves.

Hypergamy

The tendency to marry upward in social status.

Hypogamy

The tendency to marry downward in social status.

Propinquity

Proximity, or closeness in time, place, and space, an important factor in mate selection.

Marriage Gradient

A phenomenon by which women marry upward in social status and men marry downward in social status. Women at the top and men at the bottom of the social class ladder have a smaller pool of eligible mates to choose from than do members of the other classes.

Marriage Squeeze

A condition in which one sex has a more limited pool of eligibles from which to choose than the other does.

Absolutism

A belief system based on unconditional allegiance to the authority of science, law tradition, or religion. Sexual intercourse is solely for procreation, and any sexual acts that do not lead to procreation are immoral and regarded as sins.

Relativism

A value system emphasizing that sexual decisions should be made in the context of a particular situation.

Hedonism

The belief that the ultimate value and motivation for human actions lie in the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain.

Kinsey Report

Published the results of thousands of interviews with men about their sexual behavior. Half of all men had erotic feelings toward other men, one-third had had at least one sexual experience with another man, one out of eight had had sexual experiences predominately with other men for at least three years, and four percent had had sexual experiences exclusively with other men. The proportion of men whose experiences were predominately homosexual was higher than most people had thought. An even larger number of men had had some homosexual experiences or feelings some time in their life.

Sexual Double Standard

The view that encourages and accepts sexual expression of men more than women. There is lower disapproval of men having higher numbers of sexual partners but high disapproval of women having the same number of sexual partners as men.

Reparative and Conversion Therapy

Usually done through religious groups or organizations to try to get someone to be straight.

Homophobia

Negative attitudes and emotions towards homosexuality and those who engage in it.

Biphobia

Negative attitudes and emotions towards bisexuality and those who engage in it.

Heterosexism

The notion that heterosexuality is the only right, natural, and acceptable sexual orientation.

DOMA

The Defense of Marriage Act enacted September 21, 1996, is a United States federal law that allows states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states.

Civil Union

Legislation passed granting same-sex couples the same rights, privileges, and responsibilities as married spouses under the law.

Sexual Identity

A set of sexual practices and attitudes. This includes heterosexual, homosexual, asexual, or bisexual.

Queer Theory

Sexuality or sexual life is artificially organized into categories that reflect the power of heterosexual norms. These norms suggest that heterosexual or homosexual norms must be constantly enforced and shaped.

Push Factors

People are pushed towards marriage from parents, cultural expectation, loneliness, fear of independence, and guilt of being single.

Pull Factors

People are pulled to marriage by parental approval, marriages of friends, physical attraction to another person, emotional attachment to another person, and social status.

Singlism

The negative stereotypes and discrimination faced by singles. They are assumed to be immature, self-centered, and maladjusted.

Palimony

A payment similar to alimony made to a former unmarried live-in partner and based on the existence of a contract (written or implied) between the partners regarding aspects of their relationship.

Domestic Partnership

Unmarried couples who live together and share housing and financial responsibilities.

Group Marriage

A marriage of at least four people, two female and two male, in which each partner is married to all partners of the opposite sex.

Supportive

Spend time helping others. Careers in education and medical field are common.

Passive

Time alone, low levels of social participation, negative outlook, little initiative.

Activists

Lives around politics, community involvement, and social causes.

Individualistic

Autonomy and self-growth, independence, freedom, privacy to develop as a whole person, and hobbies are done alone.

Social

Very social, tons of friends, and social activities.

Professional

Lives around work, identity self with occupation.

Voluntary Temporary Singles

Unmarried, not seeking a mate, remain open, maybe a relationship after education or stable income.

Voluntary Stable Singles

Choose to remain single on a permanent basis. Priests and nuns are included.

Involuntary Temporary Singles

Want to marry and are actively seeking mates.

Involuntary Stable Singles

Desire to marry, tend to be older, have more or less accepted possible lifelong singlehood.