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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
LAB VALUES:
ALBUMIN TOTAL PROTEIN |
Albumin: 3.3 - 5.0
Total Protein: 6.0 - 8.2 helps determine if protein levels are an issue |
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LAB VALUES:
BLOOD UREA NITROGEN CREATININE |
BUN: 7 - 18
Creatinine: 0.7 - 1.3 best/true indicators of kidney function |
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AMITRIPTYLINE
(ELAVIL) |
-Classification: antidepressant
-MOA: potentiates the effect of serotonin and norepinephrine in CNS. Significant anticholinergic properties. -Effect: antidepressant -SE:lethargy, sedation, blurred vision, dry eyes/mouth, arrhythmias, hypotension, constipation, urinary retention; photosensitivity; changes in blood glucose; blood dyscrasias |
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GABAPENTIN
(NEURONTIN) |
-Classification: anticonvulsant
-MOA: Not known -Effect: decreased incidenced of seizures; decreased post-herpetic pain -SE: confusion; depression; drowsiness; sedation; anxiety; dizziness; vertigo; abnormal vision; HTN; anorexia; ataxia |
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ACETAMINOPHEN
(TYLENOL) |
-Classification: analgesic; antipyretic
-MOA: pain relief - blocking generation of pain impulses; fever - central action in the hypothalamic heat-regulating center -SE: none w/recomended dose, except allergic reaction -Overdose: liver toxicity ---sweating ---anorexia ---NVD ---abdominal pain/cramping |
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PROPOFOL
(DIPRIVAN) ISOFLURANE (FORANE) SEVOFLURANE (ULTANE) |
-Classification: general anesthetic
-Effect: induction/maintenance of anesthesia -SE: dizziness; headache; apnea; bradycardia; hypotension; HTN; respiratory depression; GI upset; malignant hyperthermia -Contraindication: allergy; pregnancy; narrow angle glaucoma; malignant hyperthermia |
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LIDOCAINE
(XYLOCAINE) |
-Classification: anesthetic
-MOA: interfere with nerve impulse transmission to specific areas of the body -Effect: paralysis; autonomic activity is lost; pain/sensory fx lost; motor activity lost SE: confusion; drowsiness; blurred vision; dizziness; nervousness; decreased/absent gag reflex; bradycardia; heart block; hypotension; NV |
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SUCCINYLCHOLINE
(ANECTINE) |
-Classification: depolarizing NMBD
-MOA: decreases myo contraction resulting in flaccid myo paralysis -Effect: maintaining controlled ventilation during surgical procedures; endotracheal intubation (short-acting); to reduce myo contraction in surgical area; diagnostic drug for myasthenia gravis -Adverse effect: few if used correctls; may cause hypotension, tachycardia |
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PANCURONIUM
(PAVULON) |
-Classification: nondepolarizing NMBD
-MOA: skeletal myo relaxation -Effect: maintaining controlled ventilation during surgical procedures; endotracheal intubation (short-acting); to reduce myo contraction in surgical area; diagnostic drug for myasthenia gravis -Adverse effect: few if used correctls; may cause hypotension, tachycardia |
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BACLOFEN
(LIORESAL) |
-Classification: myo relaxant
-MOA:inhibits reflexes at the spinal level -Effects: decreased myo spasticity -SE: dizziness; drowsiness; fatigue; weakness; confusion; nausea; constipation; euphoria; lightheadedness |
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CYCLOBENZAPRINE
(FLEXERIL) |
-Classification: skeletal myo relaxant
-MOA: reduces tonic somatic myo activity at the level of the brainstem -Effect: reduction in myo spasm and hyperactivity without loss of function -SE: dizziness; drowsiness; fatigue; confusion; nervousness; dry mouth; blurred vision; constipation; nausea; urinary retention |
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DANTROLENE
(DANTRIUM) |
-Classification: skeletal myo relaxant
-MOA: acts directly on skeletal myo, causieng relxation by decreasing calcium releast from sarcoplasmic reticulum in myo cells -Effect: Reductin fo myo spasticity; prevention of malignant hyperthermia -SE: drowsiness; myo weakness; confusion; dizziness; nervousness; malaise; changes in BP; tachycardia; diarrhea; vomiting; impotence |
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EPINEPHRINE
(ADRENALIN) |
-Classification: adrenergic agonist
-MOA:mimic effect of SNS; increase HR, force of contraction, av conduction; bronchodilation; vasoconstriction; mydriasis; decreased uterine contraction -SE: HTN; tachycardia; cardiac dysrhythmias; angina; urinary retention; CNS excitability; nervousness; termors; insomnia; hyperglycemia; extravasation |
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PHENYLEPHRINE
(NEO-SYNEPHRINE) |
-Classification: decongestant
-MOA: vasoconstriction -SE: HTN; tachycardia; cardiac dysrhythmias; angina; urinary retention; CNS excitability; nervousness; termors; insomnia; hyperglycemia; extravasation |
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DOBUTAMINE
(DOBUTREX) |
-Classification: adrenergic
-MOA: stimulates B1 adrenergic receptors with relatively minor effect on HR -SE: HTN; tachycardia; cardiac dysrhythmias; angina; urinary retention; CNS excitability; nervousness; termors; insomnia; hyperglycemia; extravasation |
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ALBUTEROL
(PROVENTIL, VENTOLIN) |
-Classification: bronchodilator
-MOA: binds to B2 receptors in airway smooth myo SE: HTN; tachycardia; cardiac dysrhythmias; angina; urinary retention; CNS excitability; nervousness; termors; insomnia; hyperglycemia; extravasation |
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CLONIDINE
(CATAPRES) |
-Classification: centrally acting alpha 2 agonist
-MOA: selective activation of alpha 2 receptors in the CNS; blocks outflow of sympathetic outflow -Effect: antihypertension -SE: bradycardia; decreased blood pressure; dry mouth |
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TAMSULOSIN
(FLOMAX) |
-Classification: alpha blocker
-MOA: vasodilation -SE: orthostatic hypotension; reflex tachycardiadizziness; nasal congestion; impotence |
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DOXASOZIN
(CARDURA) |
-Classification: antihypertensive
-MOA: vasodilation -SE: orthostatic hypotension; reflex tachycardiadizziness; nasal congestion; impotence |
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PROPANOLOL
(INDERAL) |
-Classification: antianginal; antihypertensive
-MOA: decreased cardiac stimulation; blocks dilation of cerebral arteries -SE: orthostatic hypotension; reflex tachycardiadizziness; nasal congestion; impotence |
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NEOSIGMINE BROMIDE
(PROSTIGMNIN) |
-Classification: antimyasthenic
-MOA: inhibits acetylcholinesterase which increases level of ACH -Use: myasthenia gravis -SE: urinary incontinence; flushing/diaphoresis; blurred vision; muscular tremors; bradycardia/hypotension; bronchoconstriction; cholinergic crisis; myo weakness |
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BETHANECHOL
(URECHOLINE) MEMANTINE (NAMENDA) |
-Classification: direct acting cholinergic agonist
-MOA: mimic effect of PNS; increase myo contraction of bladder and bowel; relaxes bladder and rectal sphincters; pupil constriciton; decreases intraoccular pressure -Use: paralytic ilius; post-op urinary retention; abdominal distention; antidote for anticholinergic poisoning; narrow angle glaucoma; alzheimer's disease -SE: urinary incontinence; flushing/diaphoresis; blurred vision; muscular tremors; bradycardia/hypotension; bronchoconstriction; cholinergic crisis; myo weakness |
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ATROPINE
|
-Classification: anticholinergic
-MOA: competes with ACH at the muscarinic receptors and decreases PNS activity; decreases salivary/bronchial secretions; decreases GI motility; increases HR; inhibits urinary peristalisis; pupil dilation -Use: parkinson's; pre-op; IBS; urinary incontinence; motion sickness; heart block; occular exam; cholinergic crisis; chronic lung disease; antidote for nerve poisoning -SE: dry mouth; drowsiness; constipation; urinary retention; tachycardia; hot, dry, flushed skin; confusion; increased intraoccular pressure; blurred vision; respiratory arrest |
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DIAZEPAM (VALIUM)
ALPRAZOLAM (XANAX) LORAZEPAM (ATAVAN) CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE (LIBRIUM) CLONAZEPAM (KLONOPIN) |
-Classification: benzodiazepine
-MOA: receptor agonist of GABA -Pharmocokinetic: highly lipid soluble; highly protein bound -Use: anxiety disorders; sedation; balanced anashesia; alcohol withdrawal; seizure disorder; acute seizure activity -SE: sedation; tolerance; hypotension (drop 20 mm Hg); withdrawal; dry mouth; physical dependency |
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ZOLPIDEM
(AMBIEN) |
-Classification: sedative/hypnotic
-MOA: CNS depression by binding to GABA receptors -Use: insomnia -SE: daytime drowsiness; NVD; dizziness |
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CLONAZEPAM (KLONOPIN)
FOSPHENYTOIN (CEREBYX) PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN) PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL) CARBAMAZEPINE (TEGRETOL) (NEURONTIN, LAMICTAL, KEPPRA, VALPROIC ACID) |
-Classification: antiseizure drugs
-MOA: suppression of Na or Ca influx across cell; GABA drugs raise brain level of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA; work to raise seizure threshold -Use: acute seizure -SE: drowsiness; double vision; NVD; lymphadenopathy; orange urine; gingival hyperplasia (Dilantin); teratogenicity; blood dyscrasias; Stevens Johnson syndrome |