Test 1 Advocacy

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Advocacy

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is the act of speaking for others to assist them to meet needs and it is an expectation for all who assume the role of professional nurse. It might be in the form of interceding with members of the health care team on behalf of patients or families, or it could be on behalf of these same members of the health care team, or it might even be on behalf of the profession.

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An ethical dilemma

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involves a problem for which in order to do something right you have to do something wrong.

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An ethical question

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is a question that challenges you to consider a particular ethical concept, principle, or perspective in your analysis. The following are examples

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Moral distress

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occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally appropriate action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your personal and professional values.

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Futile

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refers to something that is hopeless or serves no useful purpose. In health care discussions the term refers to interventions unlikely to produce benefit for a patient.

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Ethics

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is the study of conduct and character. It is concerned with determining what is good or valuable for individuals and society at large.

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The ANA code of ethics

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provides a foundation for professional nursing

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Professional nursin

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g promotes accountability, responsibility, advocacy, and confidentiality

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Standards of ethics

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? in health care include autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and fidelity.

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Ethical problems

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arise in the presence of differences in values, changing professional roles, technological advances, and social issues that influence quality of life.

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ethical dilemmas

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A process for resolving ________ ________ that respects differences of opinions and all participants equally helps health care providers resolve conflict about right actions.

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ethical dilemmas

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A nurse's point of view offers a unique voice in the resolution of.

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The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (1990)

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is a broad civil rights statute that protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities (Grohar-Murray and Langan, 2011). The ADA prohibits discrimination and ensures for persons with disabilities equal opportunities in employment, state and local government services, public accommodations, commercial facilities, and transportation. It is also the most extensive law on how employers must treat health care workers and patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) (1986)

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As a result of patients being transferred from private to public hospitals without appropriate screening and stabilization (referred to as patient dumping), Congress enacted the ?. This act provides that, when a patient comes to the emergency department or the hospital, an appropriate medical screening occurs within the capacity of the hospital. If an emergency condition exists, the hospital is not to discharge or transfer the patient until the condition stabilizes

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Involuntary detention

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occurs when an individual files with the court within 96 hours of the patient's initial detention. A judge may determine that the patient is a danger to self or others; then the judge will grant the involuntary detention, and the patient can be detained for 21 more days for psychiatric treatment.

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Advance directives

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include living wills, health care proxies, and durable powers of attorney for health care (Blais et al., 2006). They are based on values of informed consent, patient autonomy over end-of-life decisions, truth telling, and control over the dying process.

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Living wills

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represent written documents that direct treatment in accordance with a patient's wishes in the event of a terminal illness or condition. With this legal document the patient is able to declare which medical procedures he or she wants or does not want when terminally ill or in a persistent vegetative state

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A health care proxy or durable power of attorney for health care (DPAHC)

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is a legal document that designates a person or persons of one's choosing to make health care decisions when the patient is no longer able to make decisions on his or her own behalf

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Public Health Laws-

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These laws include reporting suspected abuse and neglect such as child abuse, elder abuse, or domestic violence; reporting communicable diseases; ensuring that patients in the community have received required immunizations; and reporting other health-related issues enacted to protect public health.