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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skin Mucous membranes Are innate or adaptive defenses? |
Innate |
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Innate Internal defenses List 5 |
Phagocytes Natural killer cells Inflammation Anti microbial proteins Fever |
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Humoral immunity is innate or adaptive? |
Adaptive |
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Example of humoral immunity |
B cells |
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Example of cellular immunity? |
T cells |
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Name the adaptive defenses |
Humoral B cells Cellular immunity T cells |
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Name the phagocytes |
Neutrophils Macrophages Dendritic cells |
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Non-phagocytes |
Basophils Mast cells Eosinophils NK cells Non-hematopoietic cells |
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Till like receptor 3 recognizes |
Double stranded RNA |
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TLR 4 recognizes |
Lipopolysaccarides Gram - bacteria |
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TLR5 |
Flagella (Baxter flagella) |
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TLR9 |
Cytoplasmic/ endosomal DNA (DNA viruses) |
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How does TLR binding lead to innate immune responses? |
Signal transduction cascades |
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IRF’s role |
Interfere with viral replication within healthy cells |
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TLR 1 and 2 create a dimer and respond to? |
Triacylated lipopeptides |
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Difference between neutrophils and macrophages |
Neutrophils are in circulation in blood, macrophages are resident in tissues |
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Monocytes in circulation differentiate into |
Macrophages in tissues |
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Difference between neutrophil and macrophages response time |
Neutrophils are recruited quickly and macrophages take days |
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True or false Macrophages survive longer after phagocytosis than neutrophils |
True |
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What do granzyme B and FasL do |
Induce apoptosis pathway |
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Which cells release Granule |
Eosinophils Basophils Mast cells |
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Granule release kills? |
Large pathogen like worms |
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What induces histamine release? |
Granule release |
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Signals to immune and non-immune cells |
Cytokines |
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TLR 3 pathway cytokine |
IL-12 |
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TLR 4 cytokine |
IL-6 |
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Interferon signaling functions |
Autocrine Paracrine |
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TLR’s that produce interferon |
TLR 3 and 9 |
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Self propagating pathway of effectors |
Complement |
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MAC stands for |
Membrane attack complex |
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Complement classical pathway is activated by |
Activated by antibodies coating the target |
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Complement classical pathway is activated by |
Activated by antibodies coating the target |
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Opsonizations |
Coats pathogen surfaces which enhances phagocytosis |
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Complement classical pathway is activated by |
Activated by antibodies coating the target |
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Opsonizations |
Coats pathogen surfaces which enhances phagocytosis |
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Complement leads to |
MAC |
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Inflammatory response steps: |
Leukocytosis Margination Diapedesis Chemotaxis |
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Lymphatic system is |
The structural basis of the immune system |
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Lymphoid cells |
T cells B cells Macrophages Dendritic cells |
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Lymphoid organs |
Thymus Red bone marrow Lymph nodes Tonsils Spleen Payers patches Appendix |
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Stores platelets and monocytes |
Spleen |
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Phagocytize d red blood cells |
Spleen |
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Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) |
Tonsils Peyers patch Appendix |
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Areas within tonsils that allow bacteria into tissues |
Tonsillar crypts |
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All of the following are considered innate body defenses except Complement Phagocytosis Antibodies Lysosome Inflammation |
Antibodies |
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The process by which neutrophil squeeze through capillary walls in response to inflammatory signals is called |
Diapedesis |
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Antibody that can fix complement |
IgG |
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Which antibody classes abundant in body secretions |
IgA |
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Small molecules that must find with large proteins to become immunogenic are called |
Haptens |
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Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the bone marrow are called |
B lymphocytes |
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Cells that can directly attacked target cells include all of the following except Macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, natural killer cells |
Helper T cells |
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Cells that can directly attacked target cells include all of the following except Macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, natural killer cells |
Helper T cells |
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Which of the following is involved in the activation of a B cell |
Cytotoxic T cells |
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The cell type most often invaded by HIV |
Helper T cell |
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Release histamine |
Mast cells Basophils |
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Release perforins |
Natural killer cells Cytotoxic T cells |
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Antigen presenting cells |
Dendritic cells B cells Macrophages |
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Antigen presenting cells |
Dendritic cells B cells Macrophages |
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Do vaccines produce active or passive immunity |
Active humoral immunity |
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Antigen presenting cells |
Dendritic cells B cells Macrophages |
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Do vaccines produce active or passive immunity |
Active humoral immunity |
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Entry of lymph into the lymphatic capillaries is promoted by what |
one way minivalves formed by overlapping endothelial cells and greater fluid pressure in the interstitial space |
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Antigen presenting cells |
Dendritic cells B cells Macrophages |
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Do vaccines produce active or passive immunity |
Active humoral immunity |
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Entry of lymph into the lymphatic capillaries is promoted by what |
one way minivalves formed by overlapping endothelial cells and greater fluid pressure in the interstitial space |
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The saclike initial portion of the thoracic duct that receives lymph from the legs and the intestinal trac is |
Cisterna chyli |
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The structural framework of lymphoid organs is |
Reticular tissue |
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The site of proliferation in lymph node |
Germinal centers |
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The red pulp area of the spleen are sites of |
Splenic sinusoids |
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The red pulp area of the spleen are sites of |
Splenic sinusoids |
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The lymphoid organ that functions primarily during youth and then begins to atrophy is what |
Thymus |
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There is no lymphatic arteries. Why isn’t this a problem |
Lymph is generated in the body tissues and only flows back toward the heart, so there is no need for arteries to Carry lymph away from the heart |
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Lymphatic vessels transport |
Leaked plasma proteins and fluids to the cardiovascular system |
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What is an area of the body where lymph nodes are not densely clustered |
The brain |
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Largest lymphoid organ |
Spleen |
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Lymph enters the convex Side of a lymph node through a number of |
Afferent lymphatic vessels |
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Has a multi lobe nucleus; inconspicuous cytoplasmic granules |
Neutrophil |
