Terms & Questions From Chapter 5 Of The Developing Person

Front 1

Infant body size: How tall is the average infant?

Back 1

•20 inches

Front 2

Infant body size: How much does an average infant weight?

Back 2

•7.5lbs

Front 3

By what month do infants typically DOUBLE their birth weight?

Back 3

•4th Month

Front 4

By what month do infants typically TRIPLE their birth weight?

Back 4

•12th Month; 1 year

Front 5

By age 2 normal infants weigh approximately 20% of a normal adult's WEIGHT. How much would that be in pounds?

Back 5

•30lbs

Front 6

By age 2 normal infants' height is approximately 20% of a normal adult's HEIGHT. How much would that be in inches?

Back 6

•32-33 inches

Front 7

Identify the term that associates with this meaning:
A biological mechanism that protects the brain when malnutrition affects body growth. The brain is the last part of the body to be damaged by malnutrition.

Back 7

•Head-sparing

Front 8

What does norm mean?

Back 8

•Average or standard of specific group or population using percentiles.

Example: Average weight = 50% could be healthy, but not average.

Front 9

Select the correct answer:
Preterm babies will sleep [less/more] often.

Back 9

•Less

Front 10

New babies spend most of their time sleeping, about ____ hours or more a day!

Back 10

•17

Front 11

Name the term that associates with the following definition:
A stage of sleep characterized by flickering eyes behind closed lids, dreaming, and rapid brain waves.

Back 11

•REM sleep

Front 12

What is co-sleeping?

Back 12

•A custom in which parents and their children (usually infants) sleep together in the same bedroom.

Front 13

Sleep becomes regular, dream less common and sleep-wake patterns develop, by the age of ____.

Back 13

•One

Front 14

Time spent dreaming decreases to about what it is for an older child by age ____.

Back 14

•Two

Front 15

Select the correct answer:
Co-sleeping is favored in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and is becoming [More, Less] popular in Western families.

Back 15

•More

Front 16

Name the term that associates with the following definition:
Nerve cells in the central nervous system, especially the brain. Most created before birth.

Back 16

•Neurons

Front 17

Most neurons are created before birth, at a peak production rate of ________ new brain cells per minute in mid-pregnancy.

Back 17

•250,000

Front 18

What is the cortex?

Back 18

•The outer layers of the brain in humans and other mammals.

Front 19

About ___ % of the human brain material is in the cortex.

Back 19

•80

Front 20

Name the term that associates with the following definition:
Extends from a neuron & transmits electrochemical impulses from that neuron to the dendrites of other neurons.

Back 20

•Axon

Front 21

Name the term that associates with the definition:
Extends from a neuron & RECEIVES electrochemical impulses transmitted from other neurons via their axons.

Back 21

•Dendrite

Front 22

Select the correct answers in brackets.
Each neuron has [a single, numerous] Axon(s) and [a single, numerous] dendrite(s).

Back 22

•a single axon
•numerous dendrites

Front 23

Name the term that associates with the following definition:
Intersection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.

Back 23

•Synapse

Front 24

True or False?

Axons & dendrites do NOT touch.

Back 24

•True

Front 25

How do axons and dendrites "communicate" ?

Back 25

•Electrical impulses in an axon cause release of neurotransmitters.

Front 26

What is the reason for an increase in the weight of the brain?

Back 26

•Dendrite growth (especially in the cortex).

Front 27

Name the term that associates with the following definition:
Great increases in number of dendrites occurring in brain during the first two years.

Back 27

•Transient Exuberance*


*Remember, this is only temporary.

Front 28

What is pruning?

Back 28

•Unused neurons & disconnected dendrites atrophy and die.

Front 29

True or False?

The Brain produces cortisol and other hormones in response to stress.Cortisol production is evident in infants and continues throughout life.

Back 29

•True

Front 30

Name the function based on the following description:

Brain functions that require certain basic common experiences (which an infant can be expected to have) in order to develop normally.

Back 30

•Experience-expectant brain function

Front 31

Name the function based on the following description:

Brain functions that depend on particular, variable experiences and that therefore may or may not develop in a particular infant.

Back 31

•Experience-dependent brain function.

Front 32

The language areas of the brain develop most rapidly between what months?

Back 32

•The 6th and 24th month.

Front 33

What part of the brain is the last to mature?

Back 33

•The Prefrontal Coretex.

Front 34

What is the Prefrontal Coretex?

Back 34

•The area of cortex at the front of the brain that specializes in anticipation, planning, and impulse control.

Front 35

Name the condition:

A life-threatening injury that occurs when an infant is forcefully shaken back and forth, a motion that ruptures blood vessels in the brain and breaks neural connections.

Back 35

•Shaken Baby Syndrome.

Front 36

Define "self-righting"

Back 36

•The inborn drive to remedy a developmental deficit.

Front 37

The first _____ years of life are a sensitive period for many aspects of the brain development, a time during which the brain needs some experiences to develop normally.

Back 37

•Two