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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is articulation?
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The process of joining 2 elements together; after phonation/vibration has occured, we shape sounds by changing the shape of oral cavity (moving lips, creating tension in cheeks, moving tongue); we move an articulator to meet another articulator to make sounds, and we move an articulator to meet a non-moveable structure (non-articulator) for making speech.
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What are the 8 MOVEABLE structures (articulators) used for articulation?
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1. Tongue
2. Mandible 3. Velum 4. Lips 5. Cheeks 6. Pharynx 7. Larynx 8. Hyoid Bone |
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What are the 3 NON-MOVEABLE structures used for articulation?
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1. Alveolar Ridge
2. Hard Palate 3. Teeth |
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What are the 5 MAJOR contributors for articulation?
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1. Tongue (largest)
2. Mandible (lower jaw- 2nd largest) 3. Velum (soft palate- important in nasal sound differentiation). 4. Hard Palate 5. Teeth |
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What are the 8 bones of the FACE?
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1. Mandible (lower jaw)
2. Maxillae (upper jaw) 3. Nasal Bone (small, make up superior nasal surface) 4. Palatine Bones and Nasal Conchae (posterior 1/4 of hard palate is PB) & (conchae are small, scroll-like structures) 5. Vomer (unpaired midline bone, looks like a knife) 6. Zygomatic Arch (cheekbone) 7. Lacrimal Bone (hidden by intact skull) 8. Hyoid Bone |
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Name the Mandible Landmarks:
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1. Symphysis Mente
2. Mental Foramen 3. Corpus 4. Angle 5. Ramus 6. Condylar Process 7. Coronoid Process 8. Mandibular Notch 9. Pterygoid Fovea 10. Dental Alveoli 11. Alveolar Arch |
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Describe the Symphysis Mente...
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It is the fusion of 2 halves of the CHIN (it is the chin).
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Describe the Mental Foramen...
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It's the hole where the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve passes.
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Describe the Corpus...
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It's the lateral portion of the jaw.
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Describe the Angle...
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It's the point where the jaw turns upward.
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Describe the Ramus...
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It's what arises from the angle.
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Describe the Condylar Process...
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Its head articulates/meets with the temporal bone of skull; the depression of temporal bone is what fits into it so we can rotate or move mandible; basically, it's a point where skull and mandible meet/attach.
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Describe the Coronoid Process...
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It is slightly smaller, pointier and anterior to condylar process.
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Describe the Mandibular Notch...
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It lies between/separates the coronoid and condylar processes
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Describe the Pterygoid Fovea...
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It is located on anterior surface of condylar process and marks the point of attachment of lateral pterygoid muscle.
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Describe Dental Alveoli...
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If you remove teeth, it's the sacs where teeth are located; found at the alveolar arch.
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Describe the Alveolar Arch...
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The dental sacs are located on its upper surface.
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Name the 8 Maxilla Landmarks:
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1. Frontal Process
2. Infraorbital Margin 3. Infraorbital Foramen 4. Zygomatic Process 5. Alveolar Process 6. Palatine Process 7. Intermaxillary Suture 8. Premaxillary Suture |
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Describe the Maxilla...
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It makes up most of the roof of the mouth (including hard palate, nose, upper dental ridge); you can see the pairs of bones which make up the upper half of the jaw.
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Describe the Frontal Process...
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It's the superior most point of the Maxillae; place where our glasses sit; articulates with frontal bone.
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Describe the Infraorbital Margin...
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Forms the area around the eye (curved).
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Describe the Infraorbital Foramen...
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It's the hole for the Maxillary Branch of the CN Trigeminal Nerve to pass (just below the nfraorbital Margin).
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Describe the Zygomatic Process....
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It's found laterally, posteriorly from the infraorbital foramen and articulates with the Zygomatic Bone.
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Describe the Alveolar Process...
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Adult teeth are found here; its the portion of bone where teeth are.
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Describe the Palatine Process...
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It's paired into 2 halves of hard palate (left/right); they fuse/articulate at the Intermaxillary Suture; it makes up 3/4 of hard palate, the remainder is the horizontal plates of the Palatine Bones.
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Describe the Intermaxillary Suture...
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It's the suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone; marks the point of a cleft of hard palate.
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Describe Premaxillary Suture...
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It is found anterior to Intermax. Suture; anterior form it is Premaxilla (it defines Premaxilla).
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What is Cleft Lip?
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Its a failure of facial tissue to fuse during development; on one side is unilateral, both sides is bilateral
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What is Cleft Palate?
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Has to do with the tongue not moving away to allow for fusion of bones (can occur at Premaxillary Suture on one side, or both sides, or sides of Intermaxillary Suture, or combo of all...). It usually affects both a premaxillary suture and an intermaxillary suture, not necessarily both sices of the sutures, though.
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What are the parts of the Zygomatic Bone (cheekbones)?
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1. Maxillary Process (part of eye orbit)
2. Temporal Process (meets with temp bone and forms part of zygomatic arch) 3. Frontal Process (artics with frontal bone) |
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What are the 6 bones of the Cranial Skeleton?
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E.S.F.P.O.T.
1. Ethmoid bone 2. Sphenoid bone 3. Frontal bone 4. Parietal bone 5. Occipital bone 6. Temporal bone |
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Describe the Ethmoid and Sphenoid Bones...
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They are complex, delicate, bony structures located medially in skull (like apple core); they are very sharp, so in TBI, they can damage tissue.
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Describe the Frontal Bone...
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Single, unpaired bone that covers up frontal lobe; makes up our FOREHEAD; orbital portion provides superior surface of eye; artics with parietal bone at coronal suture and artics with Zygomatic Bone at zygomatic process.
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Describe the Parietal Bones...
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Paired bones that overlay Parietal Lobes; united at midline by Sagittal Suture; artics with Occipatal Bone at Lamboidal Suture and artics with Temporal Bone at Squamosal suture (aka, Parietalmastoid Suture)
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