Terms For Final In Greek And Roman Mythology

Front 1

Does it matter if an accusation of sexual impurity is true?

Back 1

No, regardless it is a mark on your reputation.

Front 2

Harmodius and Aristogiton

Back 2

Athenian lovers, insulted by Hipparchus, brother of Athenian tyrant Hippias; in revenge they kill Hipparchus and are executed.

Front 3

Lucius Junius Brutus

Back 3

nephew of Tarquin the Proud, avenger of Lucretia, one of first two consuls of Rome; name means "blockhead", pretends to be dumb, goes to Oracle, first to kiss mother (earth), founds new Rome

Front 4

Lucretia

Back 4

wife of Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, raped by Sextus Tarquinius (king's son), is found spinning dutifully, kills self to save honor despite protestation from father, husband and Brutus (body is taken to middle of city, Brutus speaks, revolt follows)

Front 5

Tullia

Back 5

kills husband and takes his brother as a husband (like Clytmenestra)

Front 6

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus

Back 6

Roman general, twice consul, conqueror of Carthaginian (evil people) general Hannibal, is given a woman as a prize and gives her back to her lover (shows him as sexually pure)

Front 7

Verginia

Back 7

freeborn daughter of the Centurion Verginius, falsely claimed as a slave by the magistrate Appius Claudius because she refuses to sleep with him; father kills her rather than have her be Claudius' sex slave (saves her honor)

Front 8

Claudia Quinta

Back 8

Roman matron who proves her chastity by miraculously rescuing the statue of Magna Mater from the Tiber (boat gets stuck)

Front 9

753 BCE

Back 9

traditional date of the founding of Rome

Front 10

Olympian games

Back 10

Olympia near Pisa, in honor of Zeus, every 4 years (quadrennial), 776 BCE, most important, prize is a wild olive planted by Heracles himself

Front 11

Panhellenic games

Back 11

open to all greek speaking people

Front 12

Pythian games

Back 12

at Delphi, in honor of Apollo, 582 BCE, quadrennial, started as a singing competition but moved into athletics, prize is a crown of laurel leaves

Front 13

Nemean games

Back 13

at Nemea, in honor of Zeus, associated with Heracles, biennial (not as prestigious), 573 BCE, win crown of fresh celery

Front 14

Isthmian games

Back 14

at Isthmia near Corinth, in honor of Poseidon, biennial, 582 BCE, win crown of dry celery

Front 15

Myth for Olympic games

Back 15

Chariot race of Pelops (unsporting story) OR Heracles' victory over Augeas (commemorates vengence against Augeas and explains how trees came to the site)

Front 16

Myth for Nemean games

Back 16

Burial of baby Opheltes by Seven against Thebes OR Heracles' victory over lion

Front 17

Myth for Isthmian games

Back 17

Burial of baby Melicertes by Sisyphus AND/OR Theseus' victory over robbers

Front 18

priamel

Back 18

a literary device which focuses attention by presenting a list of items to compare, culminating with the item of interest

Front 19

triadic structure

Back 19

verse structure for choral song consisting of matched stanzas (strophe and antistrophe) followed by a concluding stanza (epode)

Front 20

Myth for Olympic games

Back 20

Chariot race of Pelops (unsporting story) OR Heracles' victory over Augeas (commemorates vengence against Augeas and explains how trees came to the site)

Front 21

Myth for Nemean games

Back 21

Burial of baby Opheltes by Seven against Thebes OR Heracles' victory over lion

Front 22

Myth for Isthmian games

Back 22

Burial of baby Melicertes by Sisyphus AND/OR Theseus' victory over robbers

Front 23

priamel

Back 23

a literary device which focuses attention by presenting a list of items to compare, culminating with the item of interest

Front 24

triadic structure

Back 24

verse structure for choral song consisting of matched stanzas (strophe and antistrophe) followed by a concluding stanza (epode)

Front 25

gnome, gnomic statement

Back 25

truism expressed in third person e.g. 'a man who hopes to hide his doings from the gods is deluded'

Front 26

Pythian games started because of...

Back 26

the defeat of the Kyrians

Front 27

standards of ancient games

Back 27

events not timed, not allowed to kill opponents, usually performed nude

Front 28

the most prestigious games were...

Back 28

the most expensive (four horse chariot race because its expensive to own a chariot and train horses)

Front 29

list 3 games

Back 29

four horse chariot race, 2 horse chariot race, mule chariot race, horse race, yearling races, pankration, pankration for boys, boxing, wrestling, track and field events

Front 30

Pindar

Back 30

Theban poet, wrote Olympian 1: for Hieron, tyrant of Syracuse, victor of horse race of 476 BCE

Front 31

Pindaric poems

Back 31

consist of 3-6 triads (breaks up monotony of the poem, but is still cohesive because they mirror eachother), comissioned poems written by the victors of the games, sung by a chorus, sometimes dance, mythic or moralizing theme, opens with priamel-focusing-narrows down to specific victor (talks about the place, event, previous victors, native city, the gods, and sometimes the poet praises himself)

Front 32

pankration

Back 32

combination boxing/wrestling, no holds barred; anything goes except biting, gouging eyes, and killing opponent