Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ACE inhibitors
|
Renal damage
|
|
|
Alkylating agents
|
Absence of digits, multiple anomalies
|
|
|
Amoniglycosides
|
CN VIII toxicity
|
|
|
Carbamazepine
|
Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, IUGR
|
|
|
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
|
Clear cell adenoma or the vagina
|
|
|
Folate antagonists
|
Neural tube defects
|
|
|
Lithium
|
Ebstein's anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)
|
|
|
Phenytoin
|
Fetal hydantoin syndrome: microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, mental retardation
|
|
|
Tetracyclines
|
Discolored teeth and inhibition of bone growth
|
|
|
Thalidomide
|
Limb defects - "flipper limbs"
|
|
|
Valproate
|
Inhibition of maternal folate absorption > neural tube defects
|
|
|
Warfarin
|
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmoplegic abnormalities
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
Leading cause of birth defects and mental retardation; fetal alcohol syndrome
|
|
|
Cocaine
|
Abnormal fetal development and fetal addiction; placental abruption
|
|
|
Smoking - nicotine, CO
|
Preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD
|
|
|
Iodide (lack or excess)
|
Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism
|
|
|
Maternal diabetes
|
Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congenital heart defects (transposition of great vessels), neural tube defects
|
|
|
Vitamin A excess
|
Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)
|
|
|
X-rays
|
Microcephaly, mental retardation
|
|
|
Clarithromycin
|
Embryotoxic
|
|
|
Sulfonamides
|
Kernicterus
|
|
|
Fluoroquinolones
|
Cartilage damage
|
|
|
Metronidazole
|
Mutagenesis
|
|
|
Ribavirin
|
Teratogenic
|
|
|
Griseofulvin
|
Teratogenic
|
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
Gray baby
|
